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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los estudios sobre la transmisi&#243;n vertical del virus de la hepatitis C &#40;VHC&#41; son escasos a pesar de ser la causa m&#225;s frecuente de hepatitis C en ni&#241;os&#46; Se pretende fundamentalmente conocer la tasa de transmisi&#243;n vertical del VHC en reci&#233;n nacidos de riesgo y el efecto de los posibles factores de riesgo&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Durante un per&#237;odo de 18 meses &#40;de julio de 1997 a enero de 1999&#41; se efectu&#243; seguimiento prospectivo a 35 ni&#241;os hijos de madres seropositivas mediante controles de anticuerpos anti-VHC con ELISA de tercera generaci&#243;n&#44; ARN-VHC por RT-PCR de forma cualitativa y enzimograma hep&#225;tico&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Del total de 35 ni&#241;os objeto del estudio&#44; el 100&#37; tuvieron anticuerpos &#40;Ac&#41; VHC positivos al nacimiento&#46; La edad media de negativizaci&#243;n fue de 6 meses&#46; En 2 ni&#241;os &#40;5&#44;7&#37;&#41; se detect&#243; infecci&#243;n por el virus C&#46; Uno de ellos era hijo de una madre con coinfecci&#243;n VHC y VIH&#46; De las 35 gestantes seropositivas se identific&#243; un factor de riesgo de transmisi&#243;n percut&#225;nea para el VHC &#40;adicci&#243;n a drogas por v&#237;a parenteral o transfusiones previas&#41; en 19 &#40;54&#37;&#41; y 9 &#40;26&#37;&#41; ten&#237;an coinfecci&#243;n por VIH&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El presente estudio concuerda con otros que determinan una tasa de transmisi&#243;n vertical del VHC alrededor de un 5 &#37;&#44; con un mayor riesgo si las madres tienen coinfecci&#243;n VHC&#47;VIH o factores de riesgo parenterales&#46; Se requieren estudios extensos para determinar la prevalencia de la infecci&#243;n por virus de la hepatitis C en gestantes as&#237; como la tasa exacta de transmisi&#243;n vertical&#46; Es necesario el seguimiento de los ni&#241;os infectados para valorar las repercusiones de la infecci&#243;n por VHC&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Few studies have been published on vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus &#40;HCV&#41;&#44; although it is the most common cause of hepatitis C in children&#46; We aimed to determine the rate of vertical transmission of HCV in at-risk neonates and to assess the effect of possible risk factors&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A prospective follow-up study was conducted in 35 children of seropositive mothers during an 18-month period &#40;July 1997-January 1999&#41;&#46; Testing for anti-HCV antibodies was performed with third-generation enzyme-linked im-munoadsorbent assay&#46; HCV-RNA was qualitatively analyzed with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction &#40;RT-PCR&#41; and hepatic enzyme studies&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">All the 35 children studied were positive for HCV antibodies at birth&#46; The children became HCV-negative at a mean age of 6 months&#46; HCV infection was detected in two children &#40;5&#46;7&#37;&#41;&#46; The mother of one of these children had both HCV and human immunodeficiency virus &#40;HIV&#41; infection&#46; Among the 35 seropositive mothers&#44; a risk factor for percutaneous transmission of HCV &#40;parenteral injection&#44; drug addiction&#44; or previous transfusions&#41; was detected in 19 &#40;54&#37;&#41; and HIV coinfection was found in 9 &#40;26&#37;&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The present study is consistent with other studies that found a vertical HCV transmission rate of approximately 5 &#37;&#44; with a greater risk if the mothers had HCV&#47;HIV coinfection or parenteral risk factors&#46; Studies with greater numbers of subjects are required to determine the prevalence of HCV in expectant mothers and the precise rate of vertical transmission&#46; Infected children should be followed up to evaluate the repercussions of HCV infection&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 54. Núm. 1.
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Vol. 54. Núm. 1.
Páginas 27-31 (enero 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Transmisión vertical del virus de la hepatitis C
Vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus infection
Visitas
7711
C. Rubio Quevedo
Autor para correspondencia
claudiorq@teleline.es

Correspondencia: Avda. de Barcelona, 20, 2°A. 18006 Granada
, M.aA. Holgado Carballo, A. García Suárez, I. Martín de Lara, L. Moltó Ripoll
Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Materno-Infantil Virgen de las Nieves. Granada
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Objetivos

Los estudios sobre la transmisión vertical del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) son escasos a pesar de ser la causa más frecuente de hepatitis C en niños. Se pretende fundamentalmente conocer la tasa de transmisión vertical del VHC en recién nacidos de riesgo y el efecto de los posibles factores de riesgo.

Métodos

Durante un período de 18 meses (de julio de 1997 a enero de 1999) se efectuó seguimiento prospectivo a 35 niños hijos de madres seropositivas mediante controles de anticuerpos anti-VHC con ELISA de tercera generación, ARN-VHC por RT-PCR de forma cualitativa y enzimograma hepático.

Resultados

Del total de 35 niños objeto del estudio, el 100% tuvieron anticuerpos (Ac) VHC positivos al nacimiento. La edad media de negativización fue de 6 meses. En 2 niños (5,7%) se detectó infección por el virus C. Uno de ellos era hijo de una madre con coinfección VHC y VIH. De las 35 gestantes seropositivas se identificó un factor de riesgo de transmisión percutánea para el VHC (adicción a drogas por vía parenteral o transfusiones previas) en 19 (54%) y 9 (26%) tenían coinfección por VIH.

Conclusiones

El presente estudio concuerda con otros que determinan una tasa de transmisión vertical del VHC alrededor de un 5 %, con un mayor riesgo si las madres tienen coinfección VHC/VIH o factores de riesgo parenterales. Se requieren estudios extensos para determinar la prevalencia de la infección por virus de la hepatitis C en gestantes así como la tasa exacta de transmisión vertical. Es necesario el seguimiento de los niños infectados para valorar las repercusiones de la infección por VHC.

Palabras clave:
ransmisión vertical
Virus de la hepatitis C (VHC)
Objectives

Few studies have been published on vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV), although it is the most common cause of hepatitis C in children. We aimed to determine the rate of vertical transmission of HCV in at-risk neonates and to assess the effect of possible risk factors.

Methods

A prospective follow-up study was conducted in 35 children of seropositive mothers during an 18-month period (July 1997-January 1999). Testing for anti-HCV antibodies was performed with third-generation enzyme-linked im-munoadsorbent assay. HCV-RNA was qualitatively analyzed with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and hepatic enzyme studies.

Results

All the 35 children studied were positive for HCV antibodies at birth. The children became HCV-negative at a mean age of 6 months. HCV infection was detected in two children (5.7%). The mother of one of these children had both HCV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Among the 35 seropositive mothers, a risk factor for percutaneous transmission of HCV (parenteral injection, drug addiction, or previous transfusions) was detected in 19 (54%) and HIV coinfection was found in 9 (26%).

Conclusions

The present study is consistent with other studies that found a vertical HCV transmission rate of approximately 5 %, with a greater risk if the mothers had HCV/HIV coinfection or parenteral risk factors. Studies with greater numbers of subjects are required to determine the prevalence of HCV in expectant mothers and the precise rate of vertical transmission. Infected children should be followed up to evaluate the repercussions of HCV infection.

Key words:
ertical transmission
Hepatitis C virus
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