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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Analizar los aspectos cl&#237;nicos&#44; diagn&#243;sticos&#44; terap&#233;uticos y evolutivos de una poblaci&#243;n pedi&#225;trica afectada de meningitis tuberculosa&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se han revisado retrospectivamente las historias cl&#237;nicas de 13 ni&#241;os con este diagn&#243;stico ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Virgen del Roc&#237;o de Sevilla entre 1984 y 1999&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La edad media fue de 2&#44;35 &#177; 2&#44;3 a&#241;os&#46; Los signos y s&#237;ntomas al ingreso fueron&#58; fiebre en 11 ni&#241;os&#44; anorexia y v&#243;mitos en 8&#44; alteraci&#243;n de conciencia en 7&#46; Seis ni&#241;os&#44; todos mayores de 20 meses&#44; ten&#237;an signos men&#237;ngeos&#59; los 7 restantes presentaban irritabilidad&#44; y 4 de &#233;stos fontanela hipertensa&#46; Se valoraron cl&#237;nicamente 3 pacientes en el estadio I&#44; 9 en el estadio II y uno en el estadio III&#44; seg&#250;n el Medical Research Council&#46; En todos los pacientes los hallazgos de LCR fueron orientativos&#46; La baciloscopia fue positiva en 5 casos y se aisl&#243; Mycobacterium tuberculosis en 6 ni&#241;os&#44; bien en LCR o en aspirado g&#225;strico&#46; El Mantoux se positiviz&#243; en 11 casos&#46; La radiograf&#237;a de t&#243;rax fue patol&#243;gica en 8 ni&#241;os &#40;adenopat&#237;a hiliar en un caso&#44; patr&#243;n miliar en 2&#44; e infiltrado en 5&#41;&#46; La TAC objetiv&#243; una dilataci&#243;n ventricular en todos los casos y el EEG estuvo lentificado en las fases iniciales en 11 casos&#46; Fallecieron 2 ni&#241;os y las complicaciones neurol&#243;gicas fueron las m&#225;s frecuentes&#44; apareciendo en 9 pacientes&#46; Curaron sin secuelas 4 pacientes&#44; el resto presentaron d&#233;ficit cognitivos&#44; visuales y motores&#44; hemiparesias y convulsiones tard&#237;as&#46; No se ha observado ning&#250;n caso en los &#250;ltimos 5 a&#241;os</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El empleo de t&#233;cnicas de diagn&#243;stico r&#225;pido en la identificaci&#243;n de M&#46; tuberculosis ser&#237;a &#250;til para iniciar un tratamiento antituberculoso a un paciente con alta sospecha de afectaci&#243;n men&#237;ngea por este germen&#46; La precocidad del tratamiento disminuir&#225; las complicaciones y secuelas de esta enfermedad&#46; Parece existir una disminuci&#243;n en la incidencia pese al aumento de la infecci&#243;n por el VIH en la actualidad&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Our aim was to analyse clinical&#44; diagnostic&#44; therapeutical and evolutionary features in a pediatric population with tuberculous meningitis&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The medical records of thirteen children with this diagnosis admitted to Hospital Infantil Virgen del Roc&#237;o from Seville &#40;Spain&#41; between 1984 and 1999 were reviewed&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The mean age was 2&#44;35 &#177; 2&#44;3 years&#46; The symptoms upon admission were&#58; fever in 11 children&#44; anorexia and vomiting in 8&#44; disturbance of the consciousness in 7&#46; Meningeal signs in 6&#44; all of them older than 20 months&#44; the remaining seven showed irritability and four of these ones hypertense fontanelles&#46; Three patients were in the first stage of the disease&#44; 9 in the second and 1 in the third&#44; according to the Medical Research Council&#46; CSF findings were indicatives in all the cases&#46; Five children had bacilloscopy positive and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated in 6 patients&#44; sometimes in CSF others in gastric juice&#46; Mantoux skin test was positive in 11&#46; Radiographic studies demonstrated abnormal chest findings in 8 patients &#40;hiliar adenopathy&#44; 1&#59; miliary pattern&#44; 2&#59; and infiltrates&#44; 5&#41;&#46; Pathology cranial computed tomography showed in all the cases and the electroencephalogram was slowed down in the initial phases in 11&#46; Two children died and the neurological complications were the most frequent&#44; appearing in 9 patients&#46; Without consequences cured 4 patients&#44; the rest presented cognitive&#44; visual and motor deficits&#44; sensibility skin disturbance and late seizures&#46; No case has been observed during the last 5 years&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fast diagnosis tests used for M&#46; tuberculosis identification were useful to begin an antituberculous treatment in a high suspicion of meningeal affectation by this germen patient&#46; The early treatment will decrease complications and consequences by this disease&#46; A decrease in the incidence looks to be in spite of the VIH infection increase nowadays&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 52. Núm. 3.
Páginas 232-237 (marzo 2000)
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Vol. 52. Núm. 3.
Páginas 232-237 (marzo 2000)
Acceso a texto completo
Meningitis tuberculosa. ¿Una enfermedad en regresión en nuestro medio?
Tuberculous meningitis: a disease in regression in our environment?
Visitas
8137
J.S. Parrilla Parrilla, N. Sánchez Fernández, C. Cintado Bueno*
Sección de Infectología Pediátrica. Hospital Infantil Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla
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Estadísticas
Objetivo

Analizar los aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos, terapéuticos y evolutivos de una población pediátrica afectada de meningitis tuberculosa.

Material y métodos

Se han revisado retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 13 niños con este diagnóstico ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla entre 1984 y 1999.

Resultados

La edad media fue de 2,35 ± 2,3 años. Los signos y síntomas al ingreso fueron: fiebre en 11 niños, anorexia y vómitos en 8, alteración de conciencia en 7. Seis niños, todos mayores de 20 meses, tenían signos meníngeos; los 7 restantes presentaban irritabilidad, y 4 de éstos fontanela hipertensa. Se valoraron clínicamente 3 pacientes en el estadio I, 9 en el estadio II y uno en el estadio III, según el Medical Research Council. En todos los pacientes los hallazgos de LCR fueron orientativos. La baciloscopia fue positiva en 5 casos y se aisló Mycobacterium tuberculosis en 6 niños, bien en LCR o en aspirado gástrico. El Mantoux se positivizó en 11 casos. La radiografía de tórax fue patológica en 8 niños (adenopatía hiliar en un caso, patrón miliar en 2, e infiltrado en 5). La TAC objetivó una dilatación ventricular en todos los casos y el EEG estuvo lentificado en las fases iniciales en 11 casos. Fallecieron 2 niños y las complicaciones neurológicas fueron las más frecuentes, apareciendo en 9 pacientes. Curaron sin secuelas 4 pacientes, el resto presentaron déficit cognitivos, visuales y motores, hemiparesias y convulsiones tardías. No se ha observado ningún caso en los últimos 5 años

Conclusiones

El empleo de técnicas de diagnóstico rápido en la identificación de M. tuberculosis sería útil para iniciar un tratamiento antituberculoso a un paciente con alta sospecha de afectación meníngea por este germen. La precocidad del tratamiento disminuirá las complicaciones y secuelas de esta enfermedad. Parece existir una disminución en la incidencia pese al aumento de la infección por el VIH en la actualidad.

Palabras clave:
Meningitis tuberculosa
Niños
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Objective

Our aim was to analyse clinical, diagnostic, therapeutical and evolutionary features in a pediatric population with tuberculous meningitis.

Patients and methods

The medical records of thirteen children with this diagnosis admitted to Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocío from Seville (Spain) between 1984 and 1999 were reviewed.

Results

The mean age was 2,35 ± 2,3 years. The symptoms upon admission were: fever in 11 children, anorexia and vomiting in 8, disturbance of the consciousness in 7. Meningeal signs in 6, all of them older than 20 months, the remaining seven showed irritability and four of these ones hypertense fontanelles. Three patients were in the first stage of the disease, 9 in the second and 1 in the third, according to the Medical Research Council. CSF findings were indicatives in all the cases. Five children had bacilloscopy positive and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated in 6 patients, sometimes in CSF others in gastric juice. Mantoux skin test was positive in 11. Radiographic studies demonstrated abnormal chest findings in 8 patients (hiliar adenopathy, 1; miliary pattern, 2; and infiltrates, 5). Pathology cranial computed tomography showed in all the cases and the electroencephalogram was slowed down in the initial phases in 11. Two children died and the neurological complications were the most frequent, appearing in 9 patients. Without consequences cured 4 patients, the rest presented cognitive, visual and motor deficits, sensibility skin disturbance and late seizures. No case has been observed during the last 5 years.

Conclusions

Fast diagnosis tests used for M. tuberculosis identification were useful to begin an antituberculous treatment in a high suspicion of meningeal affectation by this germen patient. The early treatment will decrease complications and consequences by this disease. A decrease in the incidence looks to be in spite of the VIH infection increase nowadays.

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Copyright © 2000. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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