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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Antecedentes</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La intoxicaci&#243;n voluntaria como intento de suicidio es actualmente un problema importante entre la poblaci&#243;n adolescente&#46; La tentativa de suicidio es la urgencia psiqui&#225;trica m&#225;s frecuente en la adolescencia&#46; Presentamos nuestra experiencia sobre intoxicaciones voluntarias durante un per&#237;odo de 2 a&#241;os&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de los pacientes ingresados por intoxicaciones voluntarias desde enero de 1996 hasta diciembre de 1997&#46; Se analizan&#58; sexo&#44; edad y hora de la intoxicaci&#243;n&#44; antecedentes de h&#225;bitos t&#243;xicos&#44; controles psiqui&#225;tricos o intoxicaciones previas&#44; tipo y obtenci&#243;n del t&#243;xico utilizado&#44; sintomatolog&#237;a presentada en el momento de acudir a urgencias&#44; actitud terap&#233;utica y exploraciones complementarias m&#225;s utilizadas&#44; y d&#237;as de estancia hospitalaria&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Durante el per&#237;odo de estudio ingresaron 46 pacientes&#46; La edad mediana fue de 15&#44;6 a&#241;os&#44; siendo m&#225;s frecuente en el sexo femenino &#40;40 casos&#41; &#40;87&#37;&#41;&#46; Un 60&#44;9&#37; &#40;28 casos&#41; hab&#237;a sido controlado previamente en alg&#250;n servicio de psiquiatr&#237;a&#46; El t&#243;xico utilizado fue de naturaleza farmacol&#243;gica&#44; y es obtenido en 38 pacientes &#40;82&#44;6&#37;&#41; del botiqu&#237;n del hogar&#46; En 22 casos &#40;47&#44;8&#37;&#41; se trata de intoxicaci&#243;n m&#250;ltiple&#46; El 13&#37; &#40;6 pacientes&#41; requiri&#243; hospitalizaci&#243;n en cuidados intensivos&#46; La duraci&#243;n media de la estancia hospitalaria fue de 3 d&#237;as&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Comentarios</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las intoxicaciones voluntarias como intento de suicidio representan un problema importante entre la poblaci&#243;n adolescente&#44; y sobre todo entre las adolescentes de sexo femenino&#46; La identificaci&#243;n de la poblaci&#243;n de riesgo ser&#237;a la mejor medida preventiva&#44; constituida por adolescentes&#44; de sexo femenino en su mayor&#237;a&#44; con depresi&#243;n&#44; trastornos de la conducta alimentaria o tentativas de suicidio anteriores&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 53. Núm. 3.
Páginas 213-216 (septiembre 2000)
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Vol. 53. Núm. 3.
Páginas 213-216 (septiembre 2000)
Acceso a texto completo
Intoxicaciones voluntarias como intento de suicidio
Voluntary Intoxication As A Form Of Attempted Suicide
Visitas
8885
R. Garrido Romeroa, J.J. García Garcíaa, E. Carballo Ruanoa, C. Luaces Cubellsa,*, J.A. Alda Díezb, J. Pou Fernándeza
a Sección de Urgencias. Servicios de Pediatría. Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic. Universitat de Barcelona.
b Psiquiatría. Unidad Integrada de Pediatría. Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic. Universitat de Barcelona.
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Resumen
Bibliografía
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Estadísticas
Antecedentes

La intoxicación voluntaria como intento de suicidio es actualmente un problema importante entre la población adolescente. La tentativa de suicidio es la urgencia psiquiátrica más frecuente en la adolescencia. Presentamos nuestra experiencia sobre intoxicaciones voluntarias durante un período de 2 años.

Material y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de los pacientes ingresados por intoxicaciones voluntarias desde enero de 1996 hasta diciembre de 1997. Se analizan: sexo, edad y hora de la intoxicación, antecedentes de hábitos tóxicos, controles psiquiátricos o intoxicaciones previas, tipo y obtención del tóxico utilizado, sintomatología presentada en el momento de acudir a urgencias, actitud terapéutica y exploraciones complementarias más utilizadas, y días de estancia hospitalaria.

Resultados

Durante el período de estudio ingresaron 46 pacientes. La edad mediana fue de 15,6 años, siendo más frecuente en el sexo femenino (40 casos) (87%). Un 60,9% (28 casos) había sido controlado previamente en algún servicio de psiquiatría. El tóxico utilizado fue de naturaleza farmacológica, y es obtenido en 38 pacientes (82,6%) del botiquín del hogar. En 22 casos (47,8%) se trata de intoxicación múltiple. El 13% (6 pacientes) requirió hospitalización en cuidados intensivos. La duración media de la estancia hospitalaria fue de 3 días.

Comentarios

Las intoxicaciones voluntarias como intento de suicidio representan un problema importante entre la población adolescente, y sobre todo entre las adolescentes de sexo femenino. La identificación de la población de riesgo sería la mejor medida preventiva, constituida por adolescentes, de sexo femenino en su mayoría, con depresión, trastornos de la conducta alimentaria o tentativas de suicidio anteriores.

Palabras clave:
Adolescencia
Conducta suicida
Intoxicación
Objetive

Voluntary intoxication as form of attempted suicide is currently a significant problem among the teenage population. Suicide attempt is the most frequent psychiatric emergency in adolescents. We present our 2-year experience of voluntary intoxication in a pediatric population.

Material and methods

Retrospective and descriptive study of patients admitted because of voluntary intoxication in our center from January 1996 to December 1997. We analyzed age, sex, approximate time of intoxication, toxic habit antecedents, psychiatric evaluations or previous intoxications, type of toxic substance and method of obtaining it, symptomatology on arrival at the emergency department, therapeutic attitude and most common complementary examinations, and days of hospital stay.

Results

Forty-six patients with voluntary intoxication were admitted during the study period. The mean age was 15.6 years; 40 patients (87%) were female. Twenty-eight patients (60.9%) had previously been evaluated in a psychiatric department. The toxic substance used was of pharmacological origin, and in 38 patients (82.6%) it was obtained from the home first-aid kit. In 22 patients (47.8%) intoxication was due to multiple drugs. Six patients (13%) required admission to the pediatric intensive care unit. Mean duration of admission was 3 days.

Comments

Voluntary intoxication as a form of attempted suicide is a significant problem among the teenage population, especially among teenage girls. The best preventive measure would be identification of the at-risk population, which consists mainly of teenage girls with depression, eating disorders, or previous suicide attempts.

Key words:
Adolescence
Suicidal behaviour
Intoxication
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Bibliografía
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Suicide attempts during adolescence: systematic hospitalization and crisis treatment.
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Suicidio e intentos de suicidio.
Psiquiatría del niño y del adolescente, pp. 499-519
Copyright © 2000. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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