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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Conocer la opini&#243;n de los directores escolares acerca de la influencia de determinados factores escolares sobre la conducta frente al tabaco de ni&#241;os y adolescentes</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; una encuesta a 3&#46;050 directores de centros educativos espa&#241;oles &#40;16&#44;5&#37; del total existentes en Espa&#241;a&#41;&#44; a los que se solicit&#243; su opini&#243;n acerca de las principales variables relacionadas con el medio escolar con capacidad para influir sobre la actitud de los ni&#241;os y j&#243;venes frente al tabaco&#44; tales como las ense&#241;anzas destinadas a la prevenci&#243;n del tabaquismo que reciben los j&#243;venes o la actitud ante el tabaco de los docentes&#46; Se realizaron regresiones m&#250;ltiples para valorar las variables m&#225;s influyentes en el hecho de que los alumnos prueben el tabaco y se conviertan en fumadores habituales</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las variables que individualmente ejercen m&#225;s influencia sobre el porcentaje de j&#243;venes que han probado el tabaco son los porcentajes de profesores fumadores &#40;beta&#44; 0&#44;21&#41; y de profesores que fuman ante los alumnos &#40;beta&#44;0&#44;091&#41;&#44; y lo mismo sucede con el porcentaje de j&#243;venes fumadores habituales &#40;be a&#44; 0&#44;21 y 0&#44;19&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; Todas las variables del medio escolar incluidas en el estudio y analizadas conjuntamente explican unos porcentajes de variancia del9&#44;65 y del 10&#44;7&#37; de los porcentajes estimados de alumnos que&#44; en opini&#243;n de los directores escolares&#44; han probado el tabaco y que fuman de modo habitual&#44; respectivamente</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Deben aumentarse los esfuerzos para que en todos los centros educativos se respete la legislaci&#243;n oficial antitabaco y los profesores no fumen ante los alumnos&#44; y para que todos los j&#243;venes reciban ense&#241;anzas destinadas a la prevenci&#243;n del tabaquismo dentro de la educaci&#243;n para la salud&#44; ya que est medidas pueden hacer que las escuelas desempe&#241;en un papel m&#225;s determinante en la prevenci&#243;n del tabaquismo</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Aim</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Knowing the influence of school environment on children and teenagers&#39; attitudes about tobacco consumption&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A survey was carried on 3&#46;050 Spanish school headmasters&#40;16&#37; of the total in Spain&#41;&#44; who were asked about the main variables related to the school environment able to influence the attitude of children and teenagers towards tobacco&#44; such as the fulfilment of the official anti-tobacco legislation at educational centres&#44; the education for nicotine poisoning prevention&#44; or the teachers attitudes about tobacco&#44; among others&#46; Multiple regressions were made so as to value the variables that most influence the pupils&#39; tasting tobacco and becoming usual smokers&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In the opinion of the headmasters the variables that individually most influence the percentage of pupils that have tasted tobacco are the percentage of smoker teachers&#40;beta 0&#46;21&#41; and the percentage of teachers who smoke in the presence of pupils &#40;beta 0&#46;091&#41;&#44; as on the percentage of students usual smokers &#40;beta 0&#46;21 and 0&#46;19 respectively&#41;&#46; All the variables from school environment analysed jointly&#44; explain some percentages of variance of the 9&#46;65&#37; and 10&#46;7&#37; of the estimated percentages of pupils who have tasted tobacco and pupils that are usual smokers&#44; respectively</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The efforts most be doubled&#44; in order to reach the real fulfilment of the official anti-tobacco legislation in all educational centres and the pupils receive teachings for the prevention of tabaquisme in the context of Health Education&#44; since these measures may make the schools play a more determinant role in the prevention of the nicotinism&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 52. Núm. 2.
Páginas 132-137 (febrero 2000)
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Vol. 52. Núm. 2.
Páginas 132-137 (febrero 2000)
Acceso a texto completo
Opinión de los directores escolares sobre la influencia de factores del medio escolar en la actitud de niños y jóvenes ante el tabaco
Influence Of School Environment On Students Attitudes About Tobacco Consumption In Opinion Of The Headmasters
Visitas
5969
M.A. Hernández-Mezquitaa, M. Barruecob,**
Autor para correspondencia
mibafe@gugu.usal.es

Correspondencia: Dr. M. Barrueco Ferrero. Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario de Salamanca. P.o de San Vicente, 58-176. 37007 Salamanca.
, C.A. Jiménezc, M.T. Vegad, E. Garridod
a Unidad de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria de Salamanca.
b Hospital Universitario de Salamanca.
c Hospital de la Princesa de Madrid.
d Departamento de Antropología y Psicología Social. Facultad de Psicología. Universidad de Salamanca.
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
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Estadísticas
Objetivos

Conocer la opinión de los directores escolares acerca de la influencia de determinados factores escolares sobre la conducta frente al tabaco de niños y adolescentes

Material y métodos

Se realizó una encuesta a 3.050 directores de centros educativos españoles (16,5% del total existentes en España), a los que se solicitó su opinión acerca de las principales variables relacionadas con el medio escolar con capacidad para influir sobre la actitud de los niños y jóvenes frente al tabaco, tales como las enseñanzas destinadas a la prevención del tabaquismo que reciben los jóvenes o la actitud ante el tabaco de los docentes. Se realizaron regresiones múltiples para valorar las variables más influyentes en el hecho de que los alumnos prueben el tabaco y se conviertan en fumadores habituales

Resultados

Las variables que individualmente ejercen más influencia sobre el porcentaje de jóvenes que han probado el tabaco son los porcentajes de profesores fumadores (beta, 0,21) y de profesores que fuman ante los alumnos (beta,0,091), y lo mismo sucede con el porcentaje de jóvenes fumadores habituales (be a, 0,21 y 0,19, respectivamente). Todas las variables del medio escolar incluidas en el estudio y analizadas conjuntamente explican unos porcentajes de variancia del9,65 y del 10,7% de los porcentajes estimados de alumnos que, en opinión de los directores escolares, han probado el tabaco y que fuman de modo habitual, respectivamente

Conclusiones

Deben aumentarse los esfuerzos para que en todos los centros educativos se respete la legislación oficial antitabaco y los profesores no fumen ante los alumnos, y para que todos los jóvenes reciban enseñanzas destinadas a la prevención del tabaquismo dentro de la educación para la salud, ya que est medidas pueden hacer que las escuelas desempeñen un papel más determinante en la prevención del tabaquismo

Palabras clave:
Tabaco
Escuela
Profesores
Legislación
Aim

Knowing the influence of school environment on children and teenagers' attitudes about tobacco consumption.

Methods

A survey was carried on 3.050 Spanish school headmasters(16% of the total in Spain), who were asked about the main variables related to the school environment able to influence the attitude of children and teenagers towards tobacco, such as the fulfilment of the official anti-tobacco legislation at educational centres, the education for nicotine poisoning prevention, or the teachers attitudes about tobacco, among others. Multiple regressions were made so as to value the variables that most influence the pupils' tasting tobacco and becoming usual smokers.

Results

In the opinion of the headmasters the variables that individually most influence the percentage of pupils that have tasted tobacco are the percentage of smoker teachers(beta 0.21) and the percentage of teachers who smoke in the presence of pupils (beta 0.091), as on the percentage of students usual smokers (beta 0.21 and 0.19 respectively). All the variables from school environment analysed jointly, explain some percentages of variance of the 9.65% and 10.7% of the estimated percentages of pupils who have tasted tobacco and pupils that are usual smokers, respectively

Conclusions

The efforts most be doubled, in order to reach the real fulfilment of the official anti-tobacco legislation in all educational centres and the pupils receive teachings for the prevention of tabaquisme in the context of Health Education, since these measures may make the schools play a more determinant role in the prevention of the nicotinism.

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Copyright © 2000. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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