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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">An&#225;lisis de la situaci&#243;n epidemiol&#243;gica actual de la tuberculosis infantil en Espa&#241;a&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se han utilizado las encuestas anuales del Grupo de Tuberculosis e Infecciones Respiratorias de la Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Patolog&#237;a Respiratoria y del Grupo de estudio PMIT &#40;a&#241;o 1996-1997&#41;&#46; Se ha aplicado la &#8220;t&#233;cnica del espejo&#8221; para estimar las interferencias por otras infecciones micobacterianas en la interpretaci&#243;n de la prueba de tuberculina en un cribado practicado a 51&#46;877 escolares de entre 4 y 18 a&#241;os de edad y se estiman sensibilidad&#44; especificidad&#44; valor predictivo positivo y valor predictivo negativo de la prueba&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La tasa de incidencia de casos nuevos en 13 comunidades aut&#243;nomas fue de 12&#44;79&#47;100&#46;000 habitantes&#46; En 1998 se detect&#243; una prevalencia de la infecci&#243;n del 0&#44;53 &#37; a los 6 a&#241;os y del 4&#44;7 &#37; a los 14 a&#241;os&#46; El dintel cr&#237;tico de positividad de 13 mm es el que presenta mayor sensibilidad&#44; especificidad&#44; valor predictivo positivo y valor predictivo negativo&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os existe una tendencia favorable de la endemia tuberculosa infantil&#46; Se detecta la interferencia por micobacterias no tuberculosas en la prevalencia de la infecci&#243;n&#44; por lo que se recomienda adoptar&#44; con algunas matizaciones&#44; los criterios de la American Thoracic Society para la interpretaci&#243;n de la prueba de tuberculina&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To analyze the current epidemiological trend of childhood tuberculosis in Spain&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The annual reports from Tuberculosis and Respiratory Infections Group of the Spanish Society of Respiratory Disease and from the Multicenter Project for Tuberculosis Research Study Group &#40;1996-1997&#41; were used&#46; The &#8220;mirror technique&#8221; was applied to detect interference in the interpretation of the tuberculin skin test in a tuberculin survey carried out in 51&#44;877 schoolchildren &#40;aged 4-18 years&#41;&#46; The sensitivity&#44; specificity&#44; positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the test were evaluated&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The incidence rate in 13 Autonomous Communities was 12&#46;79 per 100&#44;000 inhabitants&#46; In 1998 the prevalence of this infection was 0&#46;53&#37; at 6 years and 4&#46;7&#37; at 14 years&#46; A cut-off point of 13 mm showed the highest sensitivity&#44; specificity&#44; positive predictive value and negative predictive value&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The trend in childhood tuberculosis during the last few years has been favorable&#46; Interference by non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection in the prevalence of the tuberculin skin test was detected&#46; Consequently&#44; use of the American Thoracic Society&#39;s guidelines for the interpretation of the tuberculin skin test&#44; with some modifications&#44; is recommended&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 53. Núm. 5.
Páginas 449-457 (noviembre 2000)
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Vol. 53. Núm. 5.
Páginas 449-457 (noviembre 2000)
Acceso a texto completo
Epidemiología de la tuberculosis
Epidemiology of tuberculosis
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13675
J. Alcaide Megíasa,
Autor para correspondencia
4862jam@comb.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J. Alcaide Megías. Dispensario de las Enfermedades del Tórax Dr. Lluís Sayé. Torres Amat, 8. 08001 Barcelona.
, M.aN. Altet Gómezb, J. Canela i Solerc
a Dirección General de Salud Pública. Departamento de Sanidad y Seguridad Social. Generalitat de Catalunya
b Dispensario de las Enfermedades del Tórax Dr. Lluís Sayé. Barcelona
c Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Universidad de Barcelona
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Objetivo

Análisis de la situación epidemiológica actual de la tuberculosis infantil en España.

Métodos

Se han utilizado las encuestas anuales del Grupo de Tuberculosis e Infecciones Respiratorias de la Sociedad Española de Patología Respiratoria y del Grupo de estudio PMIT (año 1996-1997). Se ha aplicado la “técnica del espejo” para estimar las interferencias por otras infecciones micobacterianas en la interpretación de la prueba de tuberculina en un cribado practicado a 51.877 escolares de entre 4 y 18 años de edad y se estiman sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y valor predictivo negativo de la prueba.

Resultados

La tasa de incidencia de casos nuevos en 13 comunidades autónomas fue de 12,79/100.000 habitantes. En 1998 se detectó una prevalencia de la infección del 0,53 % a los 6 años y del 4,7 % a los 14 años. El dintel crítico de positividad de 13 mm es el que presenta mayor sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y valor predictivo negativo.

Conclusiones

En los últimos años existe una tendencia favorable de la endemia tuberculosa infantil. Se detecta la interferencia por micobacterias no tuberculosas en la prevalencia de la infección, por lo que se recomienda adoptar, con algunas matizaciones, los criterios de la American Thoracic Society para la interpretación de la prueba de tuberculina.

Palabras clave:
Tuberculosis infantil
Epidemiología
Morbilidad
Infección
Objective

To analyze the current epidemiological trend of childhood tuberculosis in Spain.

Methods

The annual reports from Tuberculosis and Respiratory Infections Group of the Spanish Society of Respiratory Disease and from the Multicenter Project for Tuberculosis Research Study Group (1996-1997) were used. The “mirror technique” was applied to detect interference in the interpretation of the tuberculin skin test in a tuberculin survey carried out in 51,877 schoolchildren (aged 4-18 years). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the test were evaluated.

Results

The incidence rate in 13 Autonomous Communities was 12.79 per 100,000 inhabitants. In 1998 the prevalence of this infection was 0.53% at 6 years and 4.7% at 14 years. A cut-off point of 13 mm showed the highest sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.

Conclusions

The trend in childhood tuberculosis during the last few years has been favorable. Interference by non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection in the prevalence of the tuberculin skin test was detected. Consequently, use of the American Thoracic Society's guidelines for the interpretation of the tuberculin skin test, with some modifications, is recommended.

Key words:
Tuberculosis childhood
Epidemiology
Morbidity
Infection
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