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Vol. 64. Núm. 6.
Páginas 573-577 (junio 2006)
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Vol. 64. Núm. 6.
Páginas 573-577 (junio 2006)
Asociacióne Española de Pediatría
Acceso a texto completo
El papel de la vacuna frente a rotavirus en los calendarios de vacunación infantil
The role of the rotavirus vaccine in childhood vaccination schedules
Visitas
11090
F. Giménez Sánchez, F. Martinón Torres, E. Bernaola Iturbe
Autor para correspondencia
bernaola@teleline.es

Correspondencia: Dr. E. Bernaola Iturbe. Aralar, 4 bajo. 31002 Pamplona. España.
, M. Baca Cots, F. de Juan Martín, J. Díez Delgado, M. Garcés Sánchez, J.A. Gómez Campderá, J. Picazo, V. Pineda Solas
Comité Asesor de Vacunas de la Asociación Española de Pediatría. Madrid. España
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Estadísticas

Rotavirus es la principal causa de diarrea en lactantes. En países desarrollados, esta infección origina una enorme morbilidad con un número elevado de hospitalizaciones y actos médicos en la temporada de invierno, que suponen un elevado coste económico y social. En países en desarrollo, rotavirus es una causa importante de mortalidad en lactantes originada por la deshidratación, y se estima que existen 600.000 muertes por esta causa cada año en el mundo. Una vacuna de fácil administración, segura y con elevada eficacia sería la medida ideal para reducir la carga de la enfermedad y sus costes económicos y sociales y para reducir el número de muertes en los países más desfavorecidos. Recientemente, se han publicado los resultados de dos ensayos clínicos bien diseñados incluyendo un alto número de sujetos. Ambos estudios han demostrado elevada eficacia de estas vacunas en la prevención de la gastroenteritis grave y las hospitalizaciones producidas por rotavirus. Cuando estas vacunas estén disponibles en Europa es previsible que se produzca una reducción en el número de hospitalizaciones, visitas clínicas y pérdidas de días de trabajo de los padres.

Palabras clave:
Gastroenteritis
Rotavirus
Vacunas
Hospitalizaciones

Rotavirus is the leading cause of diarrhea in infants. In developed countries, this infection leads to considerable morbidity with a high number of hospitalizations and medical interventions in the winter season, giving rise to substantial medical and social costs. In developing countries, rotavirus is a major cause of mortality in infants due to dehydration, with an estimated 600.000 deaths or more per year worldwide. A vaccine that is easy administrated, safe and with high efficacy would be the ideal means to reduce the burden of this disease and its high economic and social cost and to decrease the number of deaths in low-income countries. Recently, the results of two well-designed clinical trials with a large number of subjects have been reported. Both studies, which used different vaccines, reported high efficacy in the prevention of severe gastroenteritis and hospitalizations caused by rotavirus. When these vaccines become available in Europe, a reduction in hospitalizations, medical consultations, and days of work lost can be expected.

Key words:
Gastroenteritis
Rotavirus
Vaccines
Hospitalizations
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Copyright © 2006. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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