Journal Information
Vol. 64. Issue 6.
Pages 578-582 (1 June 2006)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 64. Issue 6.
Pages 578-582 (1 June 2006)
Notas Clínicas
Full text access
Síndrome de Holt-Oram: caracterización de una nueva mutación
Holt-oram syndrome: characterization of a novel mutation
Visits
18582
L. Fernández García-Moyaa,
Corresponding author
lfernandez.hulp@salud.madrid.org

Correspondencia: L. Fernández García-Moya. Servicio de Genética Médica. Hospital Universitario La Paz. P.° de la Castellana, 261. 28046 Madrid. España.
, P. Lapunzina Badíaa, A. Delicado Navarroa, A. Sharifb, G. Crossb, M.ªA. Mori Álvareza, M.ªL. de Torres Perezhidalgoa, M. Palomares Braloa, P. García Sánchezc, L. García-Guereta Silvad, I. López Pajaresa
a Servicio de Genética Médica. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España
b Department of Molecular Genetics. Centre for Medical Genetics. Nottingham City Hospital. Nottingham. United Kingdom
c Servicios de. Neonatología. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España
d Servicios de. Cardiología Infantil. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España
This item has received
Article information
Introducción

Los síndromes cardiomiélicos comprenden cardiopatías congénitas y malformaciones esqueléticas de los miembros superiores, y están relacionados con mutaciones deletéreas de factores de transcripción con dominios del tipo T-Box. El síndrome de Holt-Oram se debe a una mutación dominante en el gen TBX5 que altera la estructura tridimensional de la proteína impidiendo su correcta unión al ADN. Se han descrito varias mutaciones puntuales y deleciones de TBX5 en pacientes con fenotipo de síndrome de Holt-Oram.

Pacientes y métodos

El paciente es un niño con una comunicación interauricular (CIA) del tipo ostium secundum grande y una comunicación interventricular (CIV) diagnosticados por clínica (soplo) y ecocardiografía. Presenta además unos dedos pulgares algo hipoplásicos y con un emplazamiento distal bilateral, con un índice de implantación de 0,19 frente a una media normal de 0,50 para su edad gestacional al nacer. Es remitido a la consulta de Genética para descartar microdeleción 22q11.2.

Resultados

El cariotipo y la hibridación in situ de fluorescencia (FISH) con sonda D22S75 resultaron normales y debido a los hallazgos clínicos se realizó un estudio molecular para el síndrome de Holt-Oram. Se encontró una mutación en el intrón 7 de TBX5 que produce una probable alteración del splicing del gen que da lugar a una proteína truncada en su extremo C-terminal. Los padres del propósito presentan una secuencia normal para el gen, lo que indica que la mutación se produjo de novo, sin que pueda descartarse un mosaicismo germinal en los padres.

Conclusiones

El síndrome de Holt-Oram es la causa más frecuente de síndrome cardiomiélico. Debería ser objeto de estudio molecular todo niño con malformaciones cardíacas y alteraciones de las extremidades superiores como pulgares ausentes, hipoplásicos, distalmente emplazados o trifalángicos.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome de Holt-Oram
Cardiopatías congénitas
Malformaciones esqueléticas
TBX5
Introduction

Cardiomyelic syndromes encompass congenital heart disease and skeletal malformations of the upper limbs and are related to mutations in transcription factors with T-Box domains. Holt-Oram syndrome is caused by a dominant mutation in the TBX5 gene that alters the three-dimensional structure of the protein and its DNA binding function. Several point mutations and deletions in TBX5 have been reported in patients with the Holt-Oram syndrome phenotype.

Patients and methods

The proband was a boy with a large atrial septal defect ostium secundum type and a ventricular septal defect, diagnosed by clinical findings (heart murmur) and echocardiography. He also presented slightly hypoplastic thumbs with distal bilateral placement and an implantation index of 0.19 (compared with an average of 0.50 for his gestational age at birth). The boy was referred to the department of medical genetics to rule out 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome.

Results

Karyotype and fluorescence in situ hybridization at locus D22S75 were both normal. Because of his clinical findings, molecular study for Holt-Oram syndrome was indicated, leading to the finding of a mutation at intron 7 of TBX5, probably producing a splicing alteration of the gene and resulting in a protein truncated at its C-terminal end. The proband’s parents presented the wild type sequence of the gene, thus indicating that the mutation was produced de novo, although a possible germinal mosaicism in the parents could not be ruled out.

Conclusions

Holt-Oram syndrome is the most frequent cause of cardiomyelic syndrome. All children with heart malformations and abnormalities of the upper limbs such as absent, hypoplastic, distally placed or triphalangic thumbs should undergo molecular studies for this syndrome.

Key words:
Holt-Oram syndrome
Congenital heart disease
Skeletal malformations
TBX5
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
M. Holt, S. Oram.
Familial heart disease with skeletal malformations.
Brit Heart J, 22 (1960), pp. 236-242
[2.]
R.A. Newbury-Ecob, R. Leanage, J.A. Raeburn, I.D. Young.
Holt-Oram syndrome: A clinical genetic study.
J Med Genet, 33 (1996), pp. 300-307
[3.]
Q.Y. Li, R.A. Newbury-Ecob, J.A. Terrett, D.I. Wilson, A.R. Curtis, C.H. Yi, et al.
Holt-Oram syndrome is caused by mutations in TBX5, a member of the Brachyury (T) gene family.
Nat Genet, 15 (1997), pp. 21-29
[4.]
C.T. Basson, D.R. Bachinsky, R.C. Lin, T. Levi, J.A. Elkins, J. Soults, et al.
Mutations in human TBX5 cause limb and cardiac malformation in Holt-Oram syndrome.
Nat Genet, 15 (1997), pp. 30-35
[5.]
C.T. Basson, T. Huang, R.C. Lin, D.R. Bachinsky, S. Weremowicz, A. Vaglio, et al.
Different TBX5 interactions in heart and limb defined by Holt-Oram syndrome mutations.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96 (1999), pp. 2919-2924
[6.]
S.J. Cross, Y.H. Ching, Q.Y. Li, L. Armstrong-Buisseret, S. Spranger, S. Lyonnet, et al.
The mutation spectrum in Holt-Oram syndrome.
J Med Genet, 37 (2000), pp. 785-787
[7.]
J. Yang, D. Hu, J. Xia, Y. Yang, B. Ying, J. Hu, et al.
Three novel TBX5 mutations in chinese patients with Holt-Oram syndrome.
Am J Med Genet, 92 (2000), pp. 237-240
[8.]
Y. Sivan, P. Merlob, S.H. Reisner.
Lower limb standards in newborns.
Am J Dis Child, 137 (1983), pp. 829-832
[9.]
A.E. Brassington, S.S. Sung, R.M. Toydemir, T. Le, A.D. Roeder, A.E. Rutherford, et al.
Expressivity of Holt-Oram syndrome is not predicted by TBX5 genotype.
Am J Hum Genet, 73 (2003), pp. 74-85
[10.]
C. Fan, M.A. Duhagon, C. Oberti, S. Chen, Y. Hiroi, I. Komuro, et al.
Novel TBX5 mutations and molecular mechanism for Holt-Oram syndrome.
J Med Genet, 40 (2003), pp. e29
[11.]
T.K. Ghosh, E.A. Packham, A.J. Bonser, T.E. Robinson, S.J. Cross, J.D. Brook.
Characterization of the TBX5 binding site and analysis of mutations that cause Holt-Oram syndrome.
Hum Mol Genet, 18 (2001), pp. 1983-1994
[12.]
W. Heinritz, A. Moschik, A. Kujat, S. Spranger, H. Heilbronner, S. Demuth, et al.
Identification of new mutations in the TBX5 gene in patients with Holt-Oram syndrome.
Heart, 91 (2005), pp. 383-384
[13.]
W. Heinritz, L. Shou, A. Moschik, U.G. Froster.
The human TBX5 gene mutation database.
Hum Mutat, 26 (2005), pp. 397
[14.]
J. Kohlhase, D. Chitayat, D. Kotzot, S. Ceylaner, U.G. Froster, S. Fuchs, et al.
SALL4 mutations in Okihiro syndrome (Duane-radial ray syndrome), Acro-renal-ocular syndrome, and related disorders.
Hum Mutat, 26 (2005), pp. 176-183
[15.]
S.M. Reamon-Buettner, J. Borlak.
TBX5 mutations in non-Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS) malformed hearts.
Hum Mutat, 24 (2004), pp. 104
Copyright © 2006. Asociación Española de Pediatría
Download PDF
Idiomas
Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
Article options
Tools
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?