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        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El s&#237;ndrome hemol&#237;tico ur&#233;mico &#40;SHU&#41; asocia anemia hemol&#237;tica&#44; trombocitopenia e insuficiencia renal&#46; La mayor&#237;a de los casos est&#225;n relacionados con las toxinas &#40;verotoxinas&#41; producidas por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Escherichia coli</span> 0157&#58;H7 y generalmente tienen un buen pron&#243;stico renal&#46; Existen formas at&#237;picas&#44; con peor pron&#243;stico&#44; que pueden ser secundarias&#44; entre otras causas&#44; a mutaciones en el gen codificador del factor H&#44; prote&#237;na que regula la activaci&#243;n de la v&#237;a alternativa del complemento&#46; Su d&#233;ficit&#44; produce una activaci&#243;n continua del complemento&#44; da&#241;ando las c&#233;lulas endoteliales de los capilares&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Presentamos un caso cl&#237;nico de SHU incompleto &#40;ausencia de plaquetopenia y uremia&#41; y at&#237;pico en el que se detect&#243; una hipocomplementemia secundaria a un d&#233;ficit parcial de factor H&#44; cuya evoluci&#243;n fue favorable&#46; Previo al inicio de los s&#237;ntomas&#44; el paciente present&#243; una infecci&#243;n por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Campylobacter</span> que actu&#243; como agente precipitante del cuadro&#46; El an&#225;lisis gen&#233;tico demostr&#243; una mutaci&#243;n en heterocigosis &#40;C846T&#41; localizada en el dominio SCR4 que genera un cambio de amino&#225;cido en la mol&#233;cula del factor H &#40;Pro240Leu&#41;&#46; Es posible que dicha mutaci&#243;n haya sido la causante del d&#233;ficit parcial del factor H y del cuadro que present&#243; al ingreso&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 66. Issue 2.
Pages 188-190 (1 February 2007)
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Vol. 66. Issue 2.
Pages 188-190 (1 February 2007)
Notas Clínicas
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Síndrome hemolítico urémico incompleto asociado a déficit parcial de factor H
Incomplete hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with partial factor H deficiency
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I. Olaciregui Echeniquea,
Corresponding author
iolaciregui@chdo.osakidetza.net

Correspondencia: Dr. I. Olaciregui Echenique. P.° Dr. Beguiristain, s/n. 20014. San Sebastián. España.
, R. Areses Trapoteb, M. Ubetagoyena Arrietab, I. Sota Busseloa, C. García Pardosa, P. Echaniz Aizpuruc
a Unidades de Lactantes, Servicio de Pediatría
b Unidades de Nefrología Pediátrica. Servicio de Pediatría
c Unidades de Servicio de Inmunología. Hospital Donostia. San Sebastián. España
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El síndrome hemolítico urémico (SHU) asocia anemia hemolítica, trombocitopenia e insuficiencia renal. La mayoría de los casos están relacionados con las toxinas (verotoxinas) producidas por Escherichia coli 0157:H7 y generalmente tienen un buen pronóstico renal. Existen formas atípicas, con peor pronóstico, que pueden ser secundarias, entre otras causas, a mutaciones en el gen codificador del factor H, proteína que regula la activación de la vía alternativa del complemento. Su déficit, produce una activación continua del complemento, dañando las células endoteliales de los capilares.

Presentamos un caso clínico de SHU incompleto (ausencia de plaquetopenia y uremia) y atípico en el que se detectó una hipocomplementemia secundaria a un déficit parcial de factor H, cuya evolución fue favorable. Previo al inicio de los síntomas, el paciente presentó una infección por Campylobacter que actuó como agente precipitante del cuadro. El análisis genético demostró una mutación en heterocigosis (C846T) localizada en el dominio SCR4 que genera un cambio de aminoácido en la molécula del factor H (Pro240Leu). Es posible que dicha mutación haya sido la causante del déficit parcial del factor H y del cuadro que presentó al ingreso.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome hemolítico urémico
Síndrome hemolítico urémico incompleto
Síndrome hemolítico urémico atípico
Factor H
Campylobacter jejuni

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) consists of the association of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure. Most cases are related to toxins (verotoxins) produced by Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and generally have good renal prognosis. Atypical forms can occur, with a less favorable prognosis, and can be due to mutations in the gene codifying factor H, a protein that regulates activation of the alternative complement pathway, among other causes. Factor H deficiency produces continuous complement activation, causing injury to capillary endothelial cells.

We report a case of incomplete (absence of thrombocytopenia and uremia), atypical HUS in which hypocomplementemia secondary to partial factor H deficiency was detected, with favorable outcome. Prior to symptom onset, the patient had a Campylobacter infection, precipitating the symptoms. Genetic analysis showed a heterozygous mutation (C846T) located in the SCR4 domain, generating an amino acid change in the factor H molecule (Pro240Leu). This mutation may have been the cause of the partial factor H deficiency and the patient's symptoms on admission.

Key words:
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Incomplete hemolytic uremic syndrome
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
Factor H
Campylobacter jejuni
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