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Vol. 59. Issue 1.
Pages 25-30 (1 July 2003)
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Vol. 59. Issue 1.
Pages 25-30 (1 July 2003)
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Nutrición enteral transpilórica en el niño críticamente enfermo (II): complicaciones
Transpyloric enteral nutrition in critically-ill children (II): Complications
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C. Sánchez Sáncheza, J. López-Herce Cid
,a
, A. Carrillo Álvareza, A. Bustinza Arriortúaa, I. Sancho Péreza, D. Vigil Escribanob
a Sección de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Gestión de Calidad. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Madrid. España
b Unidad de Investigación. Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Gestión de Calidad. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Madrid. España
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Objetivo

Estudiar la tolerancia e incidencia de complicaciones secundarias a la nutrición enteral transpilórica (NET) en el niño críticamente enfermo

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio prospectivo observacional realizado entre 1994 y 2002, de los niños críticamente enfermos ingresados que recibieron NET. En este estudio se analizan la tolerancia y presencia de complicaciones de la nutrición

Resultados

De los 286 pacientes que recibieron nutrición transpilórica, el 13,6 % presentaron complicaciones digestivas, el 8% distensión abdominal y/o excesivos restos gástricos y el 6,3% diarrea. La diarrea se relacionó con la presencia de shock (p=0,01), distensión abdominal y/o excesivos restos digestivos (p=0,008), hipofosfatemia (p < 0,001) y duración de la NET (p=0,001). En un 2,1% de los pacientes la alimentación transpilórica tuvo que ser suspendida debido a complicaciones digestivas. 32 pacientes (11,2 %) fallecieron. La mortalidad no se relacionó con ninguna característica de la nutrición ni con las complicaciones

Conclusiones

La NET es una técnica de alimentación bien tolerada y con escasas complicaciones en el niño críticamente enfermo

Palabras clave:
Nutrición enteral transpilórica
Niño críticamente enfermo
Cuidados intensivos pediátricos
Nutrición enteral
Objective

To study tolerance to transpyloric enteral nutrition (TEN) and the incidence of secondary complications in critically-ill children

Patients and methods

We performed a prospective, observational study between 1994 and 2002 of all critically-ill children admitted to our pediatric intensive care unit who received TEN. Tolerance and complications were analyzed

Results

Of 286 patients aged between 3 days and 17 years who received TEN, gastrointestinal complications occurred in 13.6 %, abdominal distention and/or excessive gastric residue in 8% and diarrhea in 6.3 %. Diarrhea was associated with shock (p=0.01), abdominal distension and/ or excessive gastric residue (p=0.008), hypophosphatemia (p=0.001), and duration of TEN (p < 0.001). TEN was discontinued in 2.1 % of the patients because of gastrointestinal complications. Thirty-two patients (11.2 %) died during TEN. No relationship was found between the characteristics of nutrition and complications and mortality

Conclusions

TEN is a well tolerated method of nutrition in critically- ill children that produces few complications

Key words:
Transpyloric enteral nutrition
Critically-ill children
Pediatric intensive care
Enteral nutrition
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Copyright © 2003. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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