Información del artículo
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
D.M. Musher.
Infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae: clinical spectrum, pathogenesis, immunity and treatment.
Clin Infect Dis, 14 (1992), pp. 801-819
[2.]
R. Dagan, R. Melamed, M. Muallem, L. Piglansky, P. Yagupsky.
Nasopharyngeal colonization in Southern Israel with antibio tic-resistant pneumococci during the first 2 years of life. Relation to serotypes likely to be included in pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.
J Infect Dis, 174 (1996), pp. 1352-1355
[3.]
F. Ghaffar, I.R. Friendland, G.H. McCracken.
Dynamics of nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 18 (1999), pp. 638-646
[4.]
J.D. Kellner, A. McGeer, M.S. Cetron, D.E. Low, J.C. Butler, A. Matlow, et al.
The use of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal isolates from healthy children to predict features on invasive disease.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 17 (1998), pp. 279-286
[5.]
Prevention of Pneumococcal Disease. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).
Mmwr, 46 (1997), pp. 1-31
[6.]
M.E. Tucker.
Conjugate pneumococcal vaccine priorities.
Pediatr News, 33 (1999), pp. 1-9
[7.]
Neumonías en España.
Bol Epidemiol Microbiol, 5 (1997), pp. 29-36
[8.]
J.O. Klein.
Review of consensus reports on management of acute otitis media.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 18 (1999), pp. 1152-1155
[9.]
F. Del Castillo, A. García-Perea, F. Baquero-Artigao.
Bacteriology of acute otitis media in Spain: a prospective study based on tympanocentesis.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 15 (1996), pp. 541-543
[10.]
L.C. Olson, M.A. Jackson.
Only the pneumococcus.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 18 (1999), pp. 849-850
[11.]
P. Gardner, W. Schaffner.
Immunizations of adults.
N Engl J Med, 328 (1993), pp. 1252-1258
[12.]
G. Rahav, Y. Toledano, D. Engelhard, A. Simhon, A.E. Moses, T. Sacks, et al.
Invasive pneumococcal infections: a comparison between adults and children.
Medicine, 76 (1997), pp. 295-303
[13.]
C. Latorre, M. Sierra, J. Lite.
en representación del grupo de microbiólogos de hospitales comarcales de Cataluña. Estudio prospectivo de las cepas invasivas de Streptococcus pneumonia aisladas en 16 hospitales de Cataluña durante 1996.
Enf Infecc Microbiol Clin, 17 (1999), pp. 286-291
[14.]
J. García-Lomas.
y Grupo español para la Vigilancia de Patógenos Respiratorios. Situación epidemiológica actual y Resistencia de los patógenos respiratorios en España.
Med Clin (Barc), 110 (1998), pp. 44-51
[15.]
J.T. Ramos, J. Saavedra, J. Ruiz Contreras, J. Bravo, F. Sanz, A. Rodriguez Noriega.
Invasive antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in children in Madrid.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 17 (1998), pp. 253-254
[17.]
J.C. Butler, E.D. Shapiro, G.M. Carlone.
Pneumococcal vaccines: history, current status and future directions.
Am J Med, 107 (1999), pp. 69-76
[18.]
J.B. Rubins, A.K. Puri, J. Loch, D. Charboneau, R. MacDonald, N. Opstad, et al.
Magnitude, duration, quality, and function of pneumococcal vaccine responses in elderly adults.
J Infect Dis, 178 (1998), pp. 431-440
[19.]
A.J. Ammann, K. Addiego, D.W. Wara, D. Lubin, W.B. Smith, W.C. Mentzer.
Polyvalent pneumococcal-polysaccharide immunization of patients with sickle cell anemia and patients with splenectomy.
N Engl J Med, 297 (1977), pp. 897-900
[20.]
E.N. Janoff, C. Fasching, C.J. Ojoo, J. O'Brien, C.F. Gilks.
Responsiveness of human immunodeficiency virus type 1- infected Kenyan women with or without prior pneumococcal disease to pneumococcal vaccine.
J Infect Dis, 175 (1997), pp. 975-978
[21.]
A.B. Bjornson, J.M. Falletta, J.I. Verter, G.R. Buchanan, S.T. Miller, C.H. Pegelow, et al.
Serotype-specific immunoglobulin G antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in children with sickle cell anemia: effects of continued penicillin prophylaxis.
J Pediatr, 129 (1996), pp. 828-835
[22.]
D.C. Molrine, S. George, N. Tarbell, P. Mauch, L. Diller, D. Neuberg, et al.
Antibody responses to polysaccharide-conjugate vaccines after treatment of Hodgkin disease.
Ann Intern Med, 123 (1995), pp. 828-834
[23.]
U. Sankilampi, P.O. Honkanen, A. Bloigu, M. Leinomen.
Persistence of antibodies to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine in the elderly.
J Infect Dis, 176 (1997), pp. 1100-1104
[24.]
K.E. Stein.
Thymus-independent and thymus-dependent responses to polysaccharide antigens.
J Infect Dis, 165 (1992), pp. 49-52
[25.]
E.D. Shapiro, A.T. Berg, R. Austrian, D. Schroeder, V. Parcells, A. Margolis, et al.
The protective efficacy of polivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.
N Engl J Med, 325 (1991), pp. 1453-1460
[26.]
I. Koivula, M. Stén, M. Leinonen, P.H. Mäkelä.
Clinical efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine in the elderly: a randomized, singleblind population-based trial.
Am J Med, 103 (1997), pp. 281-290
[27.]
A. Örtqvist, J. Hedlund, L. Burman, E. Elbel, M. Höfer, M. Leinonen, et al.
Randomised trial of 23-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine in prevention of pneumonia in middle-aged and elderly people.
Lancet, 351 (1998), pp. 399-403
[29.]
National Advisory Committee on Immunization. Canadian Medical Association. Pneumococcal vaccine.
Ottawa: Canadian Immunization Guide, (1998), pp. 140-143
[30.]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Pneumococcal and influenza vaccination levels among adults aged = 65 years. United States.1995.
Mmwr, 46 (1997), pp. 913-919
[31.]
J.E. Sisk, J. Moskowitz, W. Whang, J.D. Lin, D.S. Fedson, A.M. McBean, et al.
Cost-effectiveness of vaccination against pneumococcal bacteremia among elderly people.
Jama, 278 (1997), pp. 1333-1339
[32.]
M. Koskela, K. Leinonen, V.K. Häiva, M. Timonen, P.H. Mäkela.
First and second dose antibody responses to pneumococcal polisaccharide vaccine in infants.
Pediatr Infect Dis, 5 (1986), pp. 45-50
[33.]
M. Leinonen, A. Säkkinen, R. Kalliokoski, J. Luotonen, M. Timonen, P.H. Mäkela.
Antibody response to 14-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine in preschool age children.
Pediatr Infect Dis, 5 (1986), pp. 39-44
[34.]
R.S. Daum.
Pneumococcal vaccines for children: an update.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 17 (1998), pp. 823-824
[35.]
J. Eskola, M. Anttila.
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 18 (1999), pp. 543-551
[36.]
E.L. Anderson, D.J. Kennedy, K.M. Geldmacher, J. Donnelly, P.M. Mendelman.
Immunogenenicity of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in infants.
J Pediatr, 128 (1996), pp. 649-653
[37.]
S.K. Obaro, Z. Huo, W.A.S. Banya, D.C. Henderson, M.A. Monteil, M. Leach, et al.
A glycoprotein pneumococcal conjugate vaccine primes for antibody responses to a pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in Gambian children.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 16 (1997), pp. 1135-1140
[38.]
M.B. Rennels, K.M. Edwards, H.L. Keyserling, K. Reisinger, D.A. Hogerman, D.V. Madore, et al.
Safety and immunogenicity on heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine conjugated to CRM197 in United States Infants.
Pediatrics, 101 (1998), pp. 604-611
[39.]
R.U. Sorensen, L.E. Leiva, P.A. Giangrosso, B. Butler, F.C. Javier, D.M. Sacerdote.
Response to a heptavalent conjugate Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine in children with recurrent infections who are unresponsive to polysaccharide vaccine.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 17 (1998), pp. 685-691
[40.]
H.R. Shinefield, S. Black, P. Ray, I.H. Chang, N. Lewis, B. Fireman, et al.
Safety and immunogenicity of heptavalent pneumococcal CRM197 conjugate vaccine in infants and toddlers.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 18 (1999), pp. 757-763
[41.]
S.K. Obaro, R.A. Adegbola, W.A. Banya, B.M. Greenwood.
Carriage of pneumococci after pneumococcal vaccination.
Lancet, 348 (1996), pp. 271-272
[42.]
R. Dagan, R. Melamed, M. Muallem, L. Piglansky, D. Greenberg, O. Abramson, et al.
Reduction of nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococci during the second year of life by a heptavalent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine.
J Infect Dis, 174 (1996), pp. 1271-1278
[43.]
R. Dagan, M. Muallem, R. Melamed, O. Leroy, P. Yagupsky.
Reduction of nasopharyngeal carriage in early infancy after immunization with tetravalent pneumococcal vaccines conjugated to either tetanus toxoid or diphteria toxoid.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 16 (1997), pp. 1060-1064
[44.]
T.V. Murphy, P. Pastor, F. Medley, M.T. Osterholm, D.M. Granoff.
Decreased Haemophilus colonization in children vaccinated with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine.
J Pediatr, 122 (1993), pp. 517-523
[45.]
J.C. Mohle-Boetani, G. Ajello, E. Breneman, K.A. Deaver, C. Harvey, B.D. Plicaytis, et al.
Carriage of Haemophilus influenzae type b in children after widespread vaccination with conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 12 (1993), pp. 589-593
[46.]
M.L. Barbour, R.T. Maynon-White, C. Coles, W.M. Crook, R. Moxon.
The impact of conjugate vaccine on carriage of Haemophilus influenzae type b.
J Infect Dis, 171 (1995), pp. 93-98
[47.]
W.G. Adams, K.A. Deaver, S.L. Cochi, B.D. Plikaytis, E.R. Zell, C.V. Broome, et al.
Decline of childhood Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) in the Hib vaccine era.
Jama, 269 (1993), pp. 221-226
[48.]
Black S, Shinefield H, Ray P,Lewis EM, Fireman B, the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Efficacy Trial et al. Efficacy of heptavalent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (Wyeth Lederle) in 37.000 infants and children: impact on pneumonia, otitis media, and an update on invasive disease-results of the Northern California Kaiser Permanente Efficacy Trial. Abstracts of the 39th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 26-29 de septiembre de 1999. San Francisco, 379.
[49.]
Eskola J, Kilpi T. Efficacy of a heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pncCRM) against serotype-specific, culture confirmed pneumococcal acute otitis media (AOM) in infants and children. Abstracts of the 39th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 26-29 de septiembre de 1999. San Francisco, Addendum, 16.
[50.]
D.H. Sniadack, B. Schwartz, H. Lipman, J. Bogaerts, J.C. Butler, R. Dagan, et al.
Potential interventions for the prevention of childhood pneumonia: geographic and temporal differences in serotype and serogroup distribution of sterile site pneumococcal isolates form children-implications for vaccine strategies.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 14 (1995), pp. 503-510
[52.]
D.C. Powers, E.L. Anderson, K. Lottenbach, C.M. Mink.
Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a protein-conjugated pneumococcal oligosaccharide vaccine in older adults.
J Infect Dis, 173 (1996), pp. 1014-1018
[53.]
D.C. Molrine, S. George, N. Tarbell, P. Mauch, L. Diller, D. Neuberg, et al.
Antibody responses to polysaccharide and polysaccharideconjugate vaccines after treatment of Hodgkin disease.
Ann Inter Med, 123 (1995), pp. 828-834
Copyright © 2000. Asociación Española de Pediatría
