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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La esclerosis tuberosa es un s&#237;ndrome neurocut&#225;neo autos&#243;mico dominante con una incidencia de 1&#47;10&#46;000 reci&#233;n nacidos&#46; La ecocardiograf&#237;a 2-D ha evidenciado una incidencia de rabdomiomas card&#237;acos en un 50&#8211;64&#37; de los pacientes con esclerosis tuberosa&#46; El objetivo es describir la sintomatolog&#237;a y la evoluci&#243;n de los rabdomiomas card&#237;acos en los ni&#241;os afectados de esclerosis tuberosa&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se estudian retrospectivamente 39 ni&#241;os diagnosticados de esclerosis tuberosa entre 1970 y 1998&#46; Por ecocardiograma se visualizaron rabdomiomas card&#237;acos en 18 casos &#40;9 ni&#241;os y 9 ni&#241;as&#41; que fueron seguidos entre un mes y 14 a&#241;os&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La localizaci&#243;n m&#225;s frecuente fue ventricular&#44; principalmente en el tabique&#44; aunque tambi&#233;n se encontraron en las aur&#237;culas&#46; Un lactante present&#243; obstrucci&#243;n suba&#243;rtica severa que precis&#243; resecci&#243;n quir&#250;rgica&#46; Se evidenciaron diferentes alteraciones electrocardiogr&#225;ficas&#58; extras&#237;stoles auriculares&#44; ventriculares&#44; trastornos de la conducci&#243;n y s&#237;ndromes de preexcitaci&#243;n&#46; Dos reci&#233;n nacidos presentaron arritmias graves&#44; uno con taquicardia supraventricular ortodr&#243;mica por v&#237;a accesoria lateral izquierda oculta refractaria al tratamiento m&#233;dico&#44; que precis&#243; ablaci&#243;n con radiofrecuencia&#44; y otro con bloqueo auriculoventricular completo con insuficiencia card&#237;aca congestiva&#44; que precis&#243; implantaci&#243;n de marcapasos epic&#225;rdico&#46; Tras un seguimiento medio de 5&#44;1 &#177; 4&#44;5 a&#241;os&#44; se observ&#243; regresi&#243;n de los tumores en 12 de los 18 casos&#44; con desaparici&#243;n completa en 2&#46; En la actualidad&#44; todos se encuentran asintom&#225;ticos&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los rabdomiomas card&#237;acos presentan una escasa sintomatolog&#237;a y un buen pron&#243;stico&#44; con regresi&#243;n parcial o total en la mayor&#237;a de los casos&#46; Precisan tratamiento invasivo &#250;nicamente aquellos con sintomatolog&#237;a severa en el per&#237;odo neonatal cuando el tama&#241;o del tumor es m&#225;ximo&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetive</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Tuberous sclerosis is a neurocutaneous syndrome with autosomal dominant inheritance&#46; The reported incidence is 1&#58;10000&#46; Recent echocardiographic studies showed a 50&#37; to 64&#37; incidence of cardiac rhabdomyomas in patients with tuberous sclerosis&#46; The objetive is to assess the history of cardiac rhabdomyomas in infants and children with tuberous sclerosis&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">From 1970 to 1998&#44; 39 patients were diagnosticated of tuberous sclerosis&#46; Cardiac rhabdomyomas were present in 18 of them&#44; 9 girls and 9 boys&#46; Ecocardiografic follow up ranged from 1 month to 14 years&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Echocardiografic studies showed rhabdomyomas located in the interventricular septum&#44; ventricles&#44; right and left atrium&#46; A newborn&#44; had subaortic obstruction related to a tumor who precised surgery excision&#46; Standard electrocardiogram showed diferent disturbances&#58; premature auricular and ventricular contractions&#44; conduccion disturbances and preexcitation syndromes&#46; Two patients&#44; both neonates&#44; had severe arrhythmias&#44; one of them debuted with supraventricular tachycardia due to an accessory hidden left atrioventricular pathway who undergone sucessfull radiofrecuency ablation&#59; and the other patient was diagnosticated prenataly of fetal complete heart block and precised permanent pacemaker at birth&#46; After a follow up of 5&#46;1 &#177; 4&#46;5 years&#44; spontaneous regresion of the tumors was shown in 12 of the 18 patients with complete resolution in two of them&#46; All of them are asymptomatic nowadays&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Our findings confirms that cardiac rhabdomyomas are most often a bening condition in which spontaneous regresion is the rule and surgery is only recommended for patients with life threatening obstruction or refractary disrhythmias in the neonatal period when the tumor size is maximum&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 52. Núm. 1.
Páginas 36-40 (enero 1999)
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Vol. 52. Núm. 1.
Páginas 36-40 (enero 1999)
Acceso a texto completo
Rabdomiomas cardíacos en la esclerosis tuberosa: manifestaciones clínicas y evolución de 18 casos diagnosticados en la infancia
Cardiac rhabdomyomas in tuberous sclerosis: clinical symptoms and followup in 18 cases diagnosed in infancy and childhood
Visitas
10783
S. Jiménez Casso*, F. Benito Bartolomé, C. Sánchez Fernández-Bernal
Unidad de Arritmias. Servicio de Cardiología Pediátrica. Hospital Infantil La Paz. Madrid
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Objetivos

La esclerosis tuberosa es un síndrome neurocutáneo autosómico dominante con una incidencia de 1/10.000 recién nacidos. La ecocardiografía 2-D ha evidenciado una incidencia de rabdomiomas cardíacos en un 50–64% de los pacientes con esclerosis tuberosa. El objetivo es describir la sintomatología y la evolución de los rabdomiomas cardíacos en los niños afectados de esclerosis tuberosa.

Métodos

Se estudian retrospectivamente 39 niños diagnosticados de esclerosis tuberosa entre 1970 y 1998. Por ecocardiograma se visualizaron rabdomiomas cardíacos en 18 casos (9 niños y 9 niñas) que fueron seguidos entre un mes y 14 años.

Resultados

La localización más frecuente fue ventricular, principalmente en el tabique, aunque también se encontraron en las aurículas. Un lactante presentó obstrucción subaórtica severa que precisó resección quirúrgica. Se evidenciaron diferentes alteraciones electrocardiográficas: extrasístoles auriculares, ventriculares, trastornos de la conducción y síndromes de preexcitación. Dos recién nacidos presentaron arritmias graves, uno con taquicardia supraventricular ortodrómica por vía accesoria lateral izquierda oculta refractaria al tratamiento médico, que precisó ablación con radiofrecuencia, y otro con bloqueo auriculoventricular completo con insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva, que precisó implantación de marcapasos epicárdico. Tras un seguimiento medio de 5,1 ± 4,5 años, se observó regresión de los tumores en 12 de los 18 casos, con desaparición completa en 2. En la actualidad, todos se encuentran asintomáticos.

Conclusiones

Los rabdomiomas cardíacos presentan una escasa sintomatología y un buen pronóstico, con regresión parcial o total en la mayoría de los casos. Precisan tratamiento invasivo únicamente aquellos con sintomatología severa en el período neonatal cuando el tamaño del tumor es máximo.

Palabras clave:
Rabdomioma
Esclerosis tuberosa
Ecocardiografía
Tumores cardíacos
Objetive

Tuberous sclerosis is a neurocutaneous syndrome with autosomal dominant inheritance. The reported incidence is 1:10000. Recent echocardiographic studies showed a 50% to 64% incidence of cardiac rhabdomyomas in patients with tuberous sclerosis. The objetive is to assess the history of cardiac rhabdomyomas in infants and children with tuberous sclerosis.

Methods

From 1970 to 1998, 39 patients were diagnosticated of tuberous sclerosis. Cardiac rhabdomyomas were present in 18 of them, 9 girls and 9 boys. Ecocardiografic follow up ranged from 1 month to 14 years.

Results

Echocardiografic studies showed rhabdomyomas located in the interventricular septum, ventricles, right and left atrium. A newborn, had subaortic obstruction related to a tumor who precised surgery excision. Standard electrocardiogram showed diferent disturbances: premature auricular and ventricular contractions, conduccion disturbances and preexcitation syndromes. Two patients, both neonates, had severe arrhythmias, one of them debuted with supraventricular tachycardia due to an accessory hidden left atrioventricular pathway who undergone sucessfull radiofrecuency ablation; and the other patient was diagnosticated prenataly of fetal complete heart block and precised permanent pacemaker at birth. After a follow up of 5.1 ± 4.5 years, spontaneous regresion of the tumors was shown in 12 of the 18 patients with complete resolution in two of them. All of them are asymptomatic nowadays.

Conclusions

Our findings confirms that cardiac rhabdomyomas are most often a bening condition in which spontaneous regresion is the rule and surgery is only recommended for patients with life threatening obstruction or refractary disrhythmias in the neonatal period when the tumor size is maximum.

Key words:
Rhabdomyoma
Tuberous sclerosis
Echocardiography
Cardiac tumors
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
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