Información del artículo
El objetivo de este artículo es elaborar una guía de ayuda al pediatra que atiende a una familia que se ha involucrado en una adopción internacional. En primer lugar, se describe la consulta preadopción que incluye la revisión de la información disponible del niño, las inmunizaciones y medicamentos recomendados al viajar al extranjero y la información sobre los problemas de salud observados con mayor frecuencia en niños adoptados en el extranjero. En segundo lugar, se describe la evaluación postadopción que incluye las evaluaciones médicas y pruebas de cribado de laboratorio recomendadas en niños adoptados en el extranjero.
Palabras clave:
Adopción
Inmunización
Estado de salud
Exploración física
Pruebas diagnósticas
Guía
This article aims to provide a guide to pediatricians attending families involved in international adoptions.Firstly, we describe the pre-adoption consultation, which includes a review of the information available on the child, the immunizations and medications recommended for traveling to the foreign country, and the information concerning the more frequent health problems observed in children adopted from abroad. Secondly, we describe the post-adoption evaluation, which includes a physical examination and the laboratory screening tests recommended for internationally adopted children.
Key words:
Adoption
Immunization
Health status
Physical examination
Diagnostic tests
Guide
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
X. Allué.
Adopciones transnacionales. Cuestiones médicas y éticas.
An Esp Pediatr, 53 (2000), pp. 21-24
[2.]
J. Aronson.
Medical evaluation and infectious considerations on arrival.
Pediatr Ann, 29 (2000), pp. 218-223
[3.]
J.A. Jenista.
The risks are many, but the joys are great.
Pediatr Ann, 29 (2000), pp. 208-209
[4.]
L.C. Miller.
Caring for international adopted children.
N Engl J Med, 341 (1999), pp. 1539-1540
[5.]
S.L. Nickman, R.G. Lewis.
Adoptive families and professionals: when the experts make things worse.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 33 (1994), pp. 753-755
[6.]
M.A. Mitchell, J.A. Jenista.
Health care of the internationally adopted child. Part 1. Before and at arrival into the adoptive home.
J Pediatr Health Care, 11 (1997), pp. 51-60
[7.]
M.A. Mitchell, J.A. Jenista.
Health care of the internationally adopted child. Part 2: chronic care long-term medical issues.
J Pediatr Health Care, 11 (1997), pp. 117-126
[8.]
M.K. Hostetter, S. Iverson, W.E. Thomas, D. McKenzie, K. Dole, D.E. Jonhson.
Medical evaluation of internationally adopted children.
N Engl J Med, 325 (1991), pp. 479-485
[9.]
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Early Childhood, Adoption, and Dependent Care. Initial medical evaluation of an adopted child.
Pediatrics, 88 (1991), pp. 642-644
[10.]
J.A. Solchany.
Anticipating the adopted child: women’s preadoptive experiences.
Can J Nurs Res, 30 (1998), pp. 123-129
[12.]
M.K. Hostetter.
Infectious diseases in internationally adopted children: Findings in children from China, Russia, and Eastern Europe.
Adv Pediatr Infect Dis, 14 (1999), pp. 147-161
[13.]
L.H. Albers, D.E. Johnson, M.K. Hostetter, S. Iverson, L.C. Miller.
Health of children from the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Comparison with preadoptive medical records.
Jama, 278 (1997), pp. 922-924
[14.]
D.P. Jeffreys.
Intercountry adoption: a need for mandatory medical screening.
J Law Health, 11 (1996-97), pp. 243-270
[15.]
A.K. Johnson, R.L. Edwards, H. Puwak.
Foster care and adoption policy in Romania: suggestions for international intervention.
Child Welfare, 72 (1993), pp. 489-506
[16.]
W.L. Pierce.
Accreditation of those who arrange adoptions under the Hague Convention on intercountry adoption as a means of protecting, through private international law, the rights of children.
J Contemp Health Law Policy, 12 (1996), pp. 535-561
[17.]
J.A. Jenista.
Infectious disease and the internationally adopted child.
Curr Opin Infect Dis, 6 (1993), pp. 576-584
[18.]
D.E. Johnson, L.C. Miller, S. Iverson, W. Thomas, B. Franchino, K. Dole, et al.
The health of children adopted from Romania.
Jama, 268 (1992), pp. 3446-3451
[19.]
L.C. Miller.
Initial assessment of growth, development, and the effects of institutionalization in internationally adopted children.
Pediatr Ann, 29 (2000), pp. 224-232
[20.]
W.A. Altemeier 3rd.
Growth charts, low birth weight, and international adoption.
Pediatr Ann, 29 (2000), pp. 204-205
[21.]
L.C. Miller, M.T. Kiernan, M.I. Mathers, M. Klein-Gitelman.
Developmental and nutritional status of internationally adopted children.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 149 (1995), pp. 40-44
[22.]
L.C. Miller, N.W. Hendrie.
Health of children adopted from China.
Pediatrics, 105 (2000), pp. E76
[23.]
J.J. Bureau, C. Maurage, M. Brémond, F. Despert, J.C. Rolland.
Enfants d’origine étrangère adoptés en France. Analyse de 68 cas pendant 12 ans dans l’Hôpital Université de Tours.
Arch Pediatr, 6 (1999), pp. 1053-1058
[24.]
A.J. Nicholson, B.M. Francis, E.K. Mulholland, A.L. Moulden, F. Oberklaid.
Health screening of international adoptees. Evaluation of a hospital-based clinic.
Med J Austr, 156 (1992), pp. 377-379
[25.]
D.E. Johnson.
Long-term medical issues in international adoptees.
Pediatr Ann, 29 (2000), pp. 234-241
[27.]
A.D. Gbadoé, A.D. Agbèrè.
À propos de l’état nutritionnel des enfants adoptés en France venus d’Afrique.
Arch Pediatr, 7 (2000), pp. 692-693
[28.]
T. Tuvemo, J. Gustafsson, L.A. Proos.
Growth hormone treatment during suppression of early puberty in adopted girls. Swedish Growth Hormone Advisory Group.
Acta Paediatr, 88 (1999), pp. 928-932
[29.]
T.C. Benoit, L.J. Jocelyn, D.M. Moddermann, J.E. Embree.
Romanian adoption. The Manitoba experience.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 150 (1996), pp. 1278-1282
[30.]
T. Tuvemo, L.A. Proos.
Girls adopted from developing countries: a group at risk of early puberal development and short final height. Implications for health surveillance and treatment.
Ann Med, 25 (1993), pp. 217-219
[31.]
L.A. Proos, Y. Hofvander, K. Wennqvist, T. Tuvemo.
A longitudinal study on anthropometric and clinical development of Indian children adopted in Sweden. I. Clinical and anthropometric condition al arrival.
Ups J Med Sci, 97 (1992), pp. 79-92
[32.]
L.A. Proos, Y. Hofvander, K. Wennqvist, T. Tuvemo.
A longitudinal study on anthropometric and clinical development of Indian children adopted in Sweden. II. Growth, morbidity and development during two years after arrival in Sweden.
Ups J Med Sci, 97 (1992), pp. 93-106
[33.]
R. Virdis, M. Street, M. Zampolli, G. Radetti, B. Pezzini, M. Benelli, et al.
Precocious puberty in girls adopted from developing countries.
Arch Dis Child, 78 (1998), pp. 152-154
[34.]
T. McGuinness, J. McGuinness.
Speech and language problems in international adoptees.
Am Fam Physician, 60 (1999), pp. 1322
[35.]
M.K. Hostetter, D. Johnson.
Medical examination of the internationally adopted child: screening for infectious diseases and development delay.
Postgrad Med, 94 (1996), pp. 70-72
[37.]
W.J. Kim.
International adoption: a case review of Korean children.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev, 25 (1995), pp. 141-154
[38.]
L.C. Miller.
Internationally adopted children-immunization status.
Pediatrics, 103 (1999), pp. 1078
[39.]
M.K. Hostetter.
Infectious diseases in internationally adopted children: the past five years.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 17 (1998), pp. 517-518
[40.]
M. Cederblad, B. Hook, M. Irhammar, A.M. Mercke.
Mental health in international adoptees as teenagers and young adults. An epidemiological study.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 40 (1999), pp. 1239-1248
[41.]
H.J. Versluis-den Bieman, F.C. Verhulst.
Self-reported and parent reported problems in adolescent international adoptees.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 36 (1995), pp. 1411-1428
[42.]
T.G. O’Connor, M. Rutter.
Attachment disorder behavior following early severe deprivation: extension and longitudinal follow-up. English and Romanian Adoptees Study Team.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 39 (2000), pp. 703-712
[43.]
K. Chisholm.
A three year follow-up of attachment and indiscriminate friendliness in children adopted from Romanian orphanages.
Child Dev, 69 (1998), pp. 1092-1106
[44.]
F.C. Verhulst, H. Versluis-den Bieman, J. Van der Ende, G.F. Berden, J.A. Sanders-Woudstra.
Problem behavior in international adoptees: III. Diagnosis of child psychiatric disorders.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 29 (1990), pp. 420-428
[45.]
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Elevatedblood lead levels among internationally adopted children-United States, 1998.
Jama, 283 (2000), pp. 1416-1418
[46.]
M.K. Hostetter, D. Johnson.
Adoption of hepatitis B virus-infected foreign-born children.
Pediatrics, 85 (1990), pp. 891-892
[47.]
J.J. Choulot, S. Mechain, J. Saint Martin, V. Doireau, A. Mensire.
Adoption et portage chronique du virus B.
Arch Pediatr, 5 (1998), pp. 869-872
[48.]
A. Friede, J.R. Harris, J.M. Kobayashi, F.E. Shaw Jr, P.C. Shoemaker- Nawas, M.A. Kane.
Transmission of hepatitis B virus from adopted Asian children to their American families.
Am J Public Health, 78 (1998), pp. 26-29
[49.]
E.M. Sokal, O. Van Collie, J.O. Buts.
Horizontal transmission of hepatitis B from children to adoptive parents.
Arch Dis Child, 72 (1995), pp. 191
[50.]
D.E. DeVoid, V.M. Pineiro-Carrero, Z. Goodman, J.S. Latimer.
Chronic active hepatitis B infection in Romanian adoptees.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 19 (1994), pp. 431-436
[51.]
R.J. Zwiener, B.A. Fielman, R.H. Squieres Jr.
Chronic hepatitis B in adopted Romanian children.
J Pediatr, 121 (1992), pp. 572-574
[52.]
W. Muraskin.
Individual rights vs the public health: the problem of the Asian hepatitis B carriers in America.
Soc Sci Med, 36 (1993), pp. 203-216
[53.]
C.H. Rudin, M.R. Berger, R. Tobler, P.W. Nars, M. Just, N. Pavic.
HIV-1, hepatitis (A, B, C) and measles in Romanian children.
Lancet, 336 (1990), pp. 1592-1593
[54.]
J. Kurtz.
HIV infection and hepatitis B in adopted Romanian children.
Br Med J, 302 (1991), pp. 1399
[55.]
P.J. Johansson, B. Lofgren, E. Nordenfelt.
Low frequency of hepatitis C antibodies among children from foreign countries adopted in Swedish families.
Scand J Infect Dis, 22 (1990), pp. 619-620
[56.]
J.L. Bass, K.A. Mehta, B. Eppes.
Parasitology screening of Latin American children in a primary care clinic.
Pediatrics, 89 (1992), pp. 279-283
[57.]
A.B. Curtis, R. Ridzon, R. Vogel, S. McDonough, J. Hargreaves, J. Ferry, et al.
Extensive transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a child.
N Engl J Med, 341 (1999), pp. 1491-1495
[58.]
M.G. Jameson.
Children from Romania: testing for tuberculosis.
Jama, 269 (1993), pp. 2084-2085
[59.]
D.P. Ascher, M. Montez.
Infectious disease risks among Filipino adoptees.
J Trop Pediatr, 37 (1991), pp. 318-319
[60.]
T.G. Boyce, P.F. Wright.
Cytomegalovirus pneumonia in two infants recently adopted from China.
Clin Infect Dis, 28 (1999), pp. 1328-1330
[61.]
American Academy of Pediatrics. En: Peter G, ed. 1997 Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 24 ed. American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village (IL) 1997
[62.]
World Health Organization. International travel and health: vaccination requirements and health advice. Situation as on January 1996. WHO, 1996
[63.]
Department of Health and Human Services, (1997),
[64.]
P.R. Fischer.
Travel with infants and children.
Infect Dis Clin NA, 12 (1998), pp. 322-368
[65.]
E.C. Jong.
Immunizations for international travel.
Infect Dis Clin NA, 12 (1998), pp. 249-266
[66.]
C.K. Knirsch.
Travel medicine and health issues for families travelling with children.
Adv Pediatr Infect Dis, 14 (1999), pp. 163-189
[67.]
Ley Orgánica 1/1996, de 15 de enero, de Protección Jurídica del Menor, de modificación parcial del Código Civil y de la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil, B.O.E. núm.
15, 17 enero, (1669), pp. 1225-1238
[68.]
Adoption. National Library of Medicine. Medline Plus. [En línea]. [Fecha de consulta 16 diciembre 2000]. URL disponible en: [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/adoption.html].
[69.]
International adoption. Pedinfo: An Index of the Pediatric Internet. [En línea]. [Fecha de consulta 16 diciembre 2000]. URL disponible en: [http://www.pedinfo.org/International.htm#Adoption].
Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Pediatría
