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Vol. 54. Issue 3.
Pages 255-259 (1 March 2001)
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Vol. 54. Issue 3.
Pages 255-259 (1 March 2001)
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Uveítis y artritis idiopática juvenil
Uveitis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis
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9879
J. García-Consuegra Molinaa,
Corresponding author
reumped@hulp.es

Correspondencia: Unidad de Reumatología Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario La Paz. P.° de la Castellana, 261. 28046 Madrid
, R. Tapia Morenoa, J. Abelairas Gómezb, J. Peralta Calvob, R. Merino Muñoza
a Unidad de Reumatología Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid
b Servicio de Oftalmología Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid
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Objetivo

La uveítis anterior es una de las manifestaciones extraarticulares más importantes de la artritis idiopática juvenil (AIJ). El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar la frecuencia de uveítis en pacientes con AIJ y describir sus características clínicas y evolutivas.

Pacientes y métodos

Se analizaron los pacientes que presentaron uveítis entre los 234 niños con AIJ diagnosticados en nuestro hospital.

Resultados

Presentaron uveítis 17 pacientes, 16 niñas y un niño, en 28 ojos, lo que supone una prevalencia de 7,3 % en el total de niños con AIJ. Entre los pacientes con una forma pauciarticular u oligoarticular de la enfermedad el porcentaje se elevó hasta el 13,3 % y fue del 10 % en las formas poliarticulares. Sólo 1 de los 12 pacientes con artritis psoriásica desarrolló uveítis. La media de edad al diagnóstico de la afectación ocular fue de 4,5 años y el tiempo transcurrido entre el diagnóstico de la artritis y el de la uveítis fue de 6 ± 1,5 meses. En 2 casos el diagnóstico de uveítis precedió al de artritis. Se objetivaron 37 episodios de actividad de la uveítis de los que 27 fueron asintomáticos. En el 53 % de los ojos afectados aparecieron complicaciones (sinequias posteriores 43 %, cataratas 25 %, queratopatía en banda 18 % y glaucoma 7%). Requirieron cirugía 6 ojos y 4 ojos presentaron una pérdida grave de visión a pesar del tratamiento oftalmológico.

Conclusiones

La uveítis anterior es una causa de morbilidad en la AIJ.La exploración oftalmológica periódica en estos pacientes es obligada para establecer el diagnóstico y tratamiento precoces.

Palabras clave:
Uveítis
Artritis idiopática juvenil
Objective

Anterior uveitis is one of the most important extra-articular manifestations of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The objective was to analyze the frequency of uveitis in patients with JIA and to describe its clinical and evolutive characteristics.

Patients and method

Among the 234 children diagnosed with JIA in our hospital,those presenting uveitis were studied.

Results

Seventeen children, 16 girls and 1 boy, presented uveitis in 28 eyes, representing a prevalence of 7.3 %. Among patients with pauci- or oligo-articular forms of the disease, the percentage increased to 13.3 %; polyarticular forms accounted for 10 %. Only one of the 12 patients with psoriatic arthritis developed uveitis. Mean age at diagnosis of the ocular condition was 4.5 years and the interval between diagnosis of arthritis to detection of uveitis was 6 ± 1.5 months. In two patients uveitis was diagnosed before arthritis. Thirty-seven episodes of uveitic activity were identified, of which 27 were asymptomatic. Fifty-three percent of the affected eyes developed complications (posterior synechias in 43 %, cataracts in 25 %, in-band keratopathy in 18 % and glaucoma in 7%). Surgery was required in six eyes. A marked loss of vision occurred in four eyes, despite ophthalmologic treatment.

Conclusions

Anterior uveitis is a cause of morbidity in JIA. Periodicophthalmologic explorations are essential for early diagnosis and treatment.

Key words:
Uveitis
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
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