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Vol. 59. Issue 6.
Pages 529-534 (1 December 2003)
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Vol. 59. Issue 6.
Pages 529-534 (1 December 2003)
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Transporte en helicóptero del paciente crítico. Revisión de 224 casos
Critical Care Helicopter Transport. Report Of 224 Cases
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16937
E. Carreras González
Corresponding author
Ecarrerasg@santpau.es

Correspondencia: Dr. E. Carreras González. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital de Sant Pau. Avda. Sant Antoni M.a Claret, 167. 08025 Barcelona. España
, G. Carreras González, G. Fraga Rodríguez, G. Ginovart Galiana, E. Moliner Calderón, A. Torras Colell, M. Torrent Español
Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital de Sant Pau. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. España
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Objetivo

Comunicar la experiencia de 5 años de un servicio pediátrico de transporte en helicóptero, describir las características del medio, los equipos, sus indicaciones y ventajas respecto al transporte terrestre.

Métodos

Se revisan retrospectivamente 224 vuelos efectuados durante 5 años. El equipo está formado por un pediatra y una enfermera especialistas en pacientes críticos del Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital de Sant Pau de Barcelona, disponibles 365 días al año, de orto a ocaso, y opera en helicópteros del Real Automóvil Club de Cataluña coordinados por el Sistema de Emergencias Médicas. Su ámbito de actuación es Cataluña y Andorra. Se cuantifican el número de pacientes, edad, sexo, patología y tiempos de respuesta y estabilización.

Resultados

El número de pacientes fue de 220, 139 varones y 81 mujeres; 6 fallecieron en el hospital emisor, 7 servicios se anularon por mala climatología, avería o negativa familiar, y se realizaron 3 transportes dobles de gemelos. Se efectuaron 224 vuelos en los que se transportaron 214 pacientes. Los tiempos medios en minutos fueron: entre alerta y despegue, 15; tiempo de vuelo, 29; desde el aterrizaje hasta la cabecera del enfermo, 10. El total fue de 54. El tiempo medio de estabilización fue de 42 min.

Conclusiones

El transporte de niños críticos en helicóptero realizado por equipos especializados de pediatras y enfermeras acorta el tiempo de respuesta en las zonas alejadas y mal comunicadas. El menor número de aceleraciones y vibraciones del helicóptero aporta, sobre todo en los pacientes con traumatismos, una mayor estabilidad durante el transporte. Ambos modelos, terrestre y aéreo, deben ser complementarios.

Palabras clave:
Transporte del paciente crítico pediátrico
Transporte aéreo medicalizado
Transporte en helicóptero
Objective

To report a 5-year experience of pediatric helicopter transport and describe its characteristics, the composition of the team, its indications and the advantages of air versus ground transport.

Methods

A total of 224 flights over a 5-year period were retrospectively analyzed. The team was composed of a pediatrician and a pediatric nurse from the Pediatric Department of Hospital Sant Pau and was available 365 days per year from sunrise to sunset. The helicopters belonged to the Royal Automobile Club of Catalonia and were coordinated by the Emergency Medical Service. The area covered was Catalonia and Andorra. The number of patients, age, sex, diagnosis, and response and stabilization times were recorded.

Results

There were 220 patients (139 males and 81 females). Six patients died in the primary hospital before transport. Seven flights were canceled because of adverse weather, engine breakdown, or family refusal. Three twin transportations were performed. A total of 214 patients were transported in 224 flights. The mean times (in minutes) were: from emergency call to takeoff: 15; flight time: 39; between landing to the emergency room: 10. The mean stabilization time was 42 min.

Conclusions

Helicopter transportation of critically-ill children by specialist teams of pediatricians and nurses shortens response time in isolated areas with poor transport. The lower number of accelerations and vibrations of the helicopter provides greater stability during transport, especially in trauma patients. Both transport models, air and ground, should be complementary.

Key words:
Pediatric critical care transport
Medical transport by air
Helicopter transport
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Copyright © 2003. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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