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Vol. 54. Issue 5.
Pages 506-509 (1 May 2001)
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Vol. 54. Issue 5.
Pages 506-509 (1 May 2001)
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Panarteritis nudosa cutánea infantil
Childhood Cutaneous Polyarteritis nodosa
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A. Núñez Giraldaa, M. Espejo Ortegaa, M. Ibáñez Rubiob, A. Torrelo Fernándezc, I. González Medierod, J.C. López Robledillob,*
a Sección dePreescolares. Hospital Niño Jesús. Madrid
b Unidad de Reumatología Pediátrica. Hospital Niño Jesús. Madrid
c Servicio de Dermatología. Hospital Niño Jesús. Madrid
d Servicio de Anatomía Patológica. Hospital Niño Jesús. Madrid
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La panarteritis nudosa (PAN) cutánea es una forma depoliarteritis nudosa, rara en niños, caracterizada por sucurso benigno y crónico. No hay evidencia de hipertensiónni disfunción orgánica. El objetivo de este artículo espresentar un caso más de PAN cutánea y realizar una revisiónbibliográfica. Se describe el caso de un niño de 3 añosde edad, con múltiples nódulos enrojecidos, dolorosos yedematosos en las extremidades y tronco. Los hallazgoscutáneos estuvieron acompañados de fiebre y artritis. Loshallazgos de laboratorio mostraron unos reactantes defase aguda y título de antiestreptolisina elevados. El diagnósticose realizó con biopsia de la lesión cutánea, en lasque se encontró arteritis necrosante en la dermis profundacon infiltrado de neutrófilos y eosinófilos. El pacienterespondió de forma adecuada al tratamiento con esteroides.En la evaluación de los niños con PAN cutánea debenincluirse estudios para detectar infecciónestreptocócica.

Palabrasclave:
Panarteritis nudosa cutánea
Infección estreptocócica
Vasculitis
Niños

Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa is a form of polyarteritisnodosa. It is a rare disease in children and is characterizedby its benign and chronic course. There is no evidence ofhypertension or organ dysfunction. The aim of this studywas to present a case of cutaneous polyarteritis nodosaand to review the literature. We describe the case of a3-year-old male child with multiple, red, painful, edematousnodules of the extremities and trunk. Dermatologicfindings were accompanied by fever and arthritis. Laboratoryfindings showed an acute phase response associatedwith raised antistreptolysin titer. Diagnosis was based onbiopsy of the affected skin lesion in which necrotizing arteritisof the lower dermis with neutrophilic and eosinophilic infiltrates was found. The patientresponded well tocorticosteroid therapy. The evaluation of children with cutaneouspolyarteritis nodosa should include laboratorystudies to detect streptococcalinfection.

Keywords:
Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa
Streptococcal infection
Vasculitis
Children
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Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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