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Vol. 56. Issue 1.
Pages 45-48 (1 January 2002)
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Vol. 56. Issue 1.
Pages 45-48 (1 January 2002)
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Otras indicaciones del surfactante
Other Uses Of Surfactant
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E. Proença Fernandesa,
Corresponding author
elisap@mail.pt

Correspondencia: Dra. E. Proença Fernandes.Servicio de Neonatología. Maternidade Júlio Dinis.Largo da Maternidade. 4050 Porto. Portugal.
, C. Carvalhoa, A. Silvaa, P. Ferreiraa
a Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales y Pediátricos. Hospital Maria Pia.
A. Alegriab, L. Lopesb, M.A. Areiasb
b Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales y Pediátricos. Maternidade Júlio Dinis. Porto. Portugal.
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Objetivo

La introducción del surfactante en el tratamiento del síndrome de distrés respiratorio del recién nacido prematuro fue uno de los mayores avances en cuidados intensivos neonatales. En los últimos años, el reconocimiento de la inactivación del surfactante en la patogenia de otras enfermedades pulmonares del recién nacido ha justificado nuevas aplicaciones terapéuticas. Los autores pretendieron evaluar el efecto del tratamiento con surfactante natural exógeno en procesos con consumo de surfactante.

Métodos

Se efectuó un análisis retrospectivo de 15 recién nacidos con cuadros de síndrome de aspiración meconial (9), neumonía congénita (5) y síndrome de distrés respiratorio del adulto (1), a los cuales se les administró surfactante natural exógeno. Se compararon los índices de oxigenación antes y después del tratamiento y la evolución clínica y radiológica.

Resultados

Se verificó una mejoría de la oxigenación después de la administración de surfactante en los 12 recién nacidos que sobrevivieron, acompañada de una mejoría de las alteraciones radiológicas. Murieron 3 pacientes con síndrome de aspiración meconial grave.

Conclusiones

Los resultados de este estudio sugieren el beneficio de la utilización de surfactante exógeno en el tratamiento de enfermedades pulmonares graves del recién nacido, que cursan con déficit secundario de surfactante.

Palabras clave:
Surfactante
Síndrome de aspiración meconial
Neumonía congénita
Síndrome de distrés respiratorio del adulto
Objective

The introduction of surfactant replacement therapy in the management of respiratory distress syndrome in the premature infant was a remarkable advance in neonatal intensive care. In the last few years, recognition of the role played by surfactant inactivation in the pathogenesis of other respiratory diseases of the newborn has justified new therapeutic applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of treatment with natural exogenous surfactant in situations with secondary surfactant deficiency.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of the evolution of 15 newborn infants treated with natural exogenous surfactant. Nine infants had meconium aspiration syndrome, five had congenital pneumonia and one had adult respiratory distress syndrome. Oxygenation indexes before and after surfactant treatment as well as clinical and radiographic evolution were compared.

Results

The 12 surviving infants showed improvement in oxygenation and radiographic alterations after surfactant administration. Three patients with meconium aspiration syndrome died.

Conclusions

These results support the therapeutic use of exogenous surfactant in severe respiratory diseases of the newborn causing secondary surfactant deficiency.

Key words:
Surfactant
Meconium aspiration syndrome
Congenital pneumonia
Adult respiratory distress syndrome
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