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Vol. 54. Issue 5.
Pages 477-483 (1 May 2001)
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Vol. 54. Issue 5.
Pages 477-483 (1 May 2001)
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Nevus melanocítico en la infancia
Melanocyte nevus in childhood
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J. Luelmo Aguilar
Corresponding author
Jluelmo@cspt.es

Correspondencia: Unidad de Dermatología. Corporación Sanitaria Parc Taulí. Parc Taulí, s/n. Sabadell. 08208 Barcelona
Unidad de Dermatología. Corporación Sanitaria Parc Taulí. Sabadell. Barcelona
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Los nevus melanocíticos son una proliferación benigna de melanocitos. Gran cantidad de nevus se desarrollan durante la infancia y adolescencia y su número se estabiliza hacia la madurez (alrededor de los 25 años). Aproximadamente el 1% de los recién nacidos presentan un nevus congénito. La gran mayoría no requieren extirpación, except en el caso del nevus melanocítico congénito gigante y los nevus clínicamente atípicos. La finalidad de este trabajo es revisar los diferentes tipos de nevus, sus posibles asociaciones y la revención de sus riesgos. La exposición solar, los nevus atípicos, tener un número elevado de nevus, el fenotipo de riesgo névico y una historia familiar de melanoma, son factores predisponentes para el desarrollo de melanoma. Algunos trabajos epidemiológicos confirman el aumento de la epidemia de melanoma en adultos y existen en la actualidad pruebas de que esta epidemia mundial está afectando también a la población pediátrica juvenil. Los pediatras desempeñan un importante papel en la prevención, detección (diagnóstico precoz) y educación de padres y niños en relación con la adecuada protección solar, incluyendo el uso de cremas protectoras contra la radiación ultravioleta (UV) A y B, la utilización de ropa para protegerse y el evitar sobreexposiciones.

Palabras clave:
Nevus melanocítico
Nevus congénito
Infancia

Melanocytic nevi are due to benign melanocyte proliferation.Most melanocytic nevi develop during childhood and adolescence and give an stabilization in middle age (already 25 years old). About 1% of newborns presents congenital nevi. Removal of nevi is not usually required except in cases of giant congenital nevi and clinically atypical nevi. The aim of this study was to review the different types of nevi, their possible associations and prevention of risk factors. Sun exposure, atypical or numerous nevi, phenotypical risk of nevi and familial antecedents of melanoma are predisposing factors for melanoma. Epidemiological studies confirm an increasing epidemic of melanoma in adults and evidence exists that this worldwide epidemic is also affecting the teenage population. Pediatricians play an important role in the prevention and early diagnosis of these lesions. They can also educate parents and children on adequate sun screening, which includes the use of sunscreens against ultraviolet A and B radiation, the wearing of protective clothing and the avoidance of overexposure to sunlight.

Key words:
Melanocyte nevus
Congenital nevus
Childhood
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Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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