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Vol. 58. Issue 4.
Pages 302-308 (1 April 2003)
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Vol. 58. Issue 4.
Pages 302-308 (1 April 2003)
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Factores hemodinámicos y retraso de crecimiento en operados de comunicación interauricular
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J. Ardura Fernández*, C. González Herrera, M.aP. Aragón García
Sección de Cardiología Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario. Facultad de Medicina de Valladolid. España
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Antecedentes

La comunicación interauricular (CIA)ostium secundum suele ser bien tolerada, sin complicaciones notables en la edad pediátrica. Sin embargo, muchos casos presentan re-percusión desproporcionada sobre el crecimiento, en comparación con las cardiopatías más graves.

Objetivos

Con la hipótesis de que el factor hemodinámico es res-ponsable de la malnutricion en las cardiopatías congéni-tas, se establece el objetivo de conocer el crecimiento en la CIA y el efecto de la cirugía correctora, con el fin de valo-rar la implicación hemodinámica.

Pacientes y métodos

El estudio se llevo a cabo sobre 72 casos, operados a una edad promedio de 8 años y 8 meses, con un seguimiento medio de 17 meses. Se cuantificaron parámetros somato-métricos y hemodinámicos, se verificaron las relaciones entre ellos, y se valoró el efecto de la cirugía y de la edadoperatoria sobre los cambios somatométricos.

Resultados

Se encontró malnutrición ponderal en el 52 %, con reper-cusión equivalente en talla en el 28 %. La correlación entre peso y edad operatoria para el total de la serie fue r 0,78, p <0,05; para el subgrupo de malnutridos r 0,81, p < 0,05; y para los casos con nutrición normal r 0,88, p <0,05. No se encontró relación entre los parámetros hemodiná-micos y somatométricos. La cirugía produce mejoría, perola alteración del crecimiento no mejora en la totalidad de los casos (peso: de 52 a 32 %; talla de 28 a 16 %).

Conclusiones

El factor hemodinámico no es el único responsable de la perturbación del crecimiento y la nutrición.

Palabras clave:
Cardiopatía congénita
Comunicación interauricular
Crecimiento
Niños
Cirugía
Malnutrición
Background

Ostium secundum-type atrial septal defect (ASD) is usually well tolerated, without severe complications in childhood. However, in many patients its effect on growth is disproproportionate when compared with that of more serious congenital heart disease.

Objectives

To test the hypothesis that hemodynamic disturbances are responsible for failure to thrive in congenital heart di-sease, we studied growth and the effect of surgical repair in children with ASD.

Patients and methods

The study was performed in 72 patients who underwent surgery at a mean age of 8 years and 8 months. The mean follow-up was 17 months. Somatometric and hemodyna-mic parameters were studied and the correlation between them was verified. The effect of surgery and of age at ope-ration on somatometric changes was evaluated.

Results

Fifty-two percent of the patients were malnourished and height was affected in 28 %. The correlation between weight and age at operation was r 0.78 (p <0.05) for the entire group, r 0.81 (p < 0.05) for the malnourished sub-group and r 0.88 (p < 0.05) for the subgroup with nor- mal nutrition. No relationship was found between he-modynamic and somatometric parameters. Surgery im-proved growth disturbances but not in all patients (weight: from 52 % to 32 %; height: from 28 % to 16 %).

Conclusions

Hemodynamic factors are not the only cause of growth and nutritional alterations.

Key words:
Congenital heart disease
Atrial septal defect
Growth
Children
Surgery
Malnutrition
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Copyright © 2003. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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