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Vol. 61. Issue 3.
Pages 207-212 (1 September 2004)
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Vol. 61. Issue 3.
Pages 207-212 (1 September 2004)
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Estudio comparativo de la eficacia del deflazacort frente a prednisolona en el tratamiento de la crisis asmática moderada
Comparative efficacy of oral deflazacort versus oral prednisolone in children with moderate acute asthma
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31608
S. Gartnera,
Corresponding author
sgartner@vhebron.net

Correspondencia: Unidad de Neumología y Fibrosis Quística. Hospital Universitario Vall d’Hebron. P.° Vall d’Hebron, 119. 08035 Barcelona. España.
, N. Cobosa, E.G. Pérez-Yarzab, A. Morenoa, C. De Frutosb, S. Liñana, J. Minteguib
a Unidad de Neumología y Fibrosis Quística. Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron. Barcelona. España
b Unidad de Neumología Infantil. Hospital Donostia. San Sebastián. España
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Objetivos

Evaluar la eficacia y tolerancia del deflazacort frente a la prednisolona en el tratamiento de la agudización moderada de asma en niños.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio de intervención, multicéntrico, prospectivo, abierto, aleatorizado, grupos paralelos en niños de 6 a 14 años diagnosticados de asma, en situación de agudización moderada tratados todos con agonistas β2-adrenérgicos de corta acción. Los grupos de intervención recibieron deflazacort (1,5 mg/kg) o prednisolona (1 mg/kg) durante 7 días. La medida principal de eficacia fue el volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (FEV1) y como medidas secundarias se evaluaron la escala clínica de gravedad, el flujo espiratorio máximo (PEF), el índice de hospitalización y la utilización de medicación β2-agonista de rescate. Todos los sujetos fueron controlados al inicio del tratamiento (visita 1), al segundo día (visita 2) y al séptimo día (visita 3) del estudio.

Resultados

Se incluyeron en el estudio 54 pacientes, de los cuales dos requirieron hospitalización (uno de cada grupo). Los valores iniciales fueron similares para ambos grupos: FEV1, 53 y 51 %; test de broncodilatación, +19 y +21 %; PEF, 169 y 165 l/min; escala de gravedad, 6,1 y 6,5 para los grupos deflazacort y prednisolona, respectivamente. En la visita 2, todos los parámetros mostraron mejoría: FEV1, +22,2 y +26,5 % (p < 0,05); PEF, +64 y +49 l/min (p < 0,05); escala de gravedad –4,4 y –3,8 (p < 0,05), sin diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. En la visita 3 todos los parámetros continuaron mejorando: FEV1, +33,2 y +32,5 % (p < 0,05); PEF, +115,7 y +87,6 l/min (p < 0,05); escala de gravedad –5,4 y –5,9 (p < 0,05), también sin diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos. No se registraron efectos adversos en ningún paciente.

Conclusiones

En el tratamiento de la agudización moderada de asma en niños, deflazacort tiene una eficacia similar a prednisolona como se refleja tanto en la mejoría clínica de los pacientes como en la función pulmonar.

Palabras clave:
Crisis asmática
Deflazacort
Prednisolona
Función pulmonar
Niños
Objectives

To assess the efficacy and tolerability of oral deflazacort versus oral prednisolone in acute moderate asthma in children.

Patients and methods

We performed a prospective, randomized, parallel group trial of children aged 6 to 14 years old with a diagnosis of asthma who presented to the pediatric emergency department for moderate asthma exacerbation. All patients were administered short-acting β2-adrenergic agonists. The intervention groups received either oral deflazacort (1.5 mg/kg) or prednisolone (1 mg/kg) for 7 days. The primary outcome measure was forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and secondary outcome measures were pulmonary symptom score index, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), hospitalization rate and the use of rescue β-agonists. Patients were evaluated at the start of treatment (visit 1), on day 2 (visit 2) and on day 7 (visit 3).

Results

Of the 54 children enrolled, two were hospitalized on visit 2 (one from each group). Baseline clinical data were similar in both groups: FEV1: 53 and 51 %; bronchodilator test: +19 and +21 %; PEFR: 169 and 165 L/min; symptom score: 6 and 6.5 for the deflazacort and prednisolone groups, respectively. On visit 2, all measures improved: FEV1: +22.2 and +26.5 % (p < 0.05); PEFR: +64 and +49 L/min (p < 0.05); symptom score: –4.4 and –3.8 (p < 0.05), without significant differences between groups. On visit 3 all variables continued to show improvement: FEV1: +33.2 and +32.5 % (p < 0.05); PEFR: +115.7 and +87.6 L/min (p < 0.05); symptom score: –5.4 and –5.9 (p < 0.05), without significant differences between groups. No adverse effects were reported.

Conclusions

Deflazacort and prednisolone show similar efficacy in improving pulmonary function and in producing clinical improvement in the management of acute moderate asthma in children.

Key words:
Acute asthma
Deflazacort
Prednisolone
Pulmonary function
Children
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