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Vol. 58. Issue 5.
Pages 418-424 (1 May 2003)
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Vol. 58. Issue 5.
Pages 418-424 (1 May 2003)
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Estado nutricional y niveles de inmunoglobulinas y citocinas en niños con malaria
Nutritional status and immunoglobulin and cytokine concentrations in children with malaria
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S. Blair Trujillo
Corresponding author
sblair@catios.udea.edu.co

Correspondencia: Calle 55 A, n.63 AA 18, bloque 72, apartamento 302. Medellín. Colombia.
, G. Álvarez Sánchez, A. Villa Restrepo, J. Carmona Fonseca, L. Ríos Osorio, por el Grupo Malaria
Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín. Colombia
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Objetivos

Relacionar el estado nutricional y los niveles de inmunoglobulinas y citocinas en niños maláricos de dos zonascon diferente riesgo para malaria.

Métodos

Mediante un estudio descriptivo transversal se compararon 2 grupos de niños entre 4–11 años de edad procedentes dedos zonas con diferente riesgo para malaria enColombia: 66 niños de los municipios de El Bagre y Zara-goza (zona de mayor riesgo malárica) y 62 niños de Turbo(zona de menor riesgo). Se calcularon los índices peso/talla, talla/edad y peso/edad para establecer el riesgo dedesnutrición y se midieron concentraciones séricas de interleucina 10 (IL-10), factor de necrosis tumoral alfa(TNF-α), inmunoglobulina E (IgE) total e IgE específicapara malaria.

Resultados

En la zona de mayor riesgo fueron significativamente mayores los niveles de IgE total, IgE específica, y TNF-α. Ambas zonas presentaron niveles superiores a los establecidos por los estándares para IgE total (84 %), IgE específica (32 %), TNF-α(72 %) e IL-10 (84 %). Los riesgos de desnutrición fueron: aguda, 33 %; crónica, 52 %, y global, 56 %.

Conclusiones

La malaria y la desnutrición coexisten con alta frecuencia en ambas zonas. En la zona de menor riesgo maláricohay significativamente más desnutrición crónica. El promedio de IgE total en la zona de mayor riesgo malárico esel doble delque existe en la zona de menor riesgo y nohay asociación con el estado nutricional. Los valores deIgE específica no difieren por especie de Plasmodium infectante.

Palabras clave:
Malaria
Desnutrición
IL-10
TNF-α
Objectives

To relate nutritional status and concentrations of immunoglobulins and cytokines in children with malaria from two areas with different risk of malaria transmission.

Methods

We performed a descriptive, cross-sectional study comparing children aged 4-11 years old from two areas with different risk of malaria transmission in Colombia. The sample consisted of 66 children from El Bagre and Zaragoza (high transmission area) and 62 children fromTurbo (low transmission area). To determine the risk ofundernutrition, height/weight, age/height and weight/ageindexes were calculated, and serum concentrations of interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), totalIgE and malaria-specific IgE were measured.

Results

In the high transmission area, concentrations of total and specific IgE and of TNF-awere significantly higher. In both areas, the values obtained for total IgE (84 %), specific-IgE (32 %), TNF-α(72 %) and IL-10 (84 %) were higher than standard values. Anthropometric indicators revealed acute undernutrition (wasting) in 33 %, chronic undernutrition (stunting) in 52 %, and global undernutrition in56 % of the population.

Key words:
Malaria
Protein-energy malnutrition
IL-10
TNF-α
IgE
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