Scientific Letter
Initial experience with the use of a portable 3-dimensional scanner
Experiencia inicial con el uso de unescáner tridimensional portátil
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] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Sara Fuentes, Francisco Damián, Mario Berlioz, José-María Pradillos, Teresa Lorenzo" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Sara" "apellidos" => "Fuentes" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "sfuentesc@saludcastillayleon.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Francisco" "apellidos" => "Damián" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Mario" "apellidos" => "Berlioz" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "José-María" "apellidos" => "Pradillos" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Teresa" "apellidos" => "Lorenzo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, Complejo AsistencialUniversitario de León, León, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Radiología, Complejo AsistencialUniversitario de León, León, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Experiencia inicial con el uso de unescáner tridimensional portátil" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1288 "Ancho" => 1740 "Tamanyo" => 343559 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0005" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Three-dimensional point cloud surface reconstruction.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The recent development of three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques has led to new applications in the field of medicine. Scanners and image-processing software have both become more accessible and simpler, allowing their use outside the fields of engineering and industry.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Surface imaging contributes very useful information for a variety of complaints in the paediatric age group and has the advantage of image acquisition taking only a few seconds, which is of vital importance in very young patients.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The purpose of this letter is to present our initial experience with a handheld 3D scanner for assessment of chest wall deformities.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In our hospital, we have started to use the PocketScan™ scanner (Mantis Vision Inc.). It is an infrared light system that automatically triangulates the position of different points on a surface, generating a 3D shape. The device measures 12<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>×<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm and weighs 250<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g, and it can be connected to a computer with a standard USB cable. Its image-processing software can refine the resulting images and take any measures the user requires. Its price is of approximately 3500 €, and the funding for its purchase came from a research grant.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the framework of a project whose objective is to validate these instruments and extend their use to other specialities, we started to perform body surface scans in patients with pectus carinatum and pectus excavatum managed in the Paediatric Surgery Clinic after obtaining the informed consent of their parents. We also assess these patients by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) restricted to the region of interest with the intention of validating the 3D imaging method using the MRI scans as reference once we have carried out a sufficient number of evaluations.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We have performed an initial analysis of our experience with the first 10 patients, which we summarise below.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The sample consisted of 10 children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years, 7 male and 3 female. Seven patients had pectus excavatum and 3 had pectus carinatum. The malformation was mild in 6 patients, moderate in 2 and severe in 2. Four of the patients were undergoing conservative management of their malformation at the time of the analysis. In case of children with pectus carinatum, conservative management involved the use of a chest brace following the Calgary protocol, and in case of pectus excavatum, the use of the vacuum bell method as described by a research group based in Basel.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The rest of the patients, either due to their age or due to the low severity of the deformity, were managed with postural interventions and specific exercises per the protocol of our hospital.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All the scans involved acquisition of images over 3 to 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>s, thus capturing data during inspiration as well as expiration for future investigation. There were no problems during the scan in any case; the obtained images were good and all children, as well as their parents, expressed satisfaction with the test and considering that it had no disadvantages.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We exported the obtained 3D images for subsequent processing and to make specific measurements to determine the severity of chest wall deformity and to identify potential 3D measurements that could be useful for the diagnosis or definition of this type of problem (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We consider our early experience with the 3D scanning system satisfactory, although we ought to admit that the image-processing software has not been developed with medicine in mind and thus health care professionals may need specific training to familiarise themselves with this system. The images obtained were highly accurate. The process for 3D image acquisition is fast and does not involve exposure to radiation, both of which we consider essential in paediatrics. Furthermore, compared to the subjective measures commonly used in clinical practice to assess these malformations, 3D scanning provides objective and accurate measurements. We also consider this essential in the follow-up of patients that are growing or undergoing conservative treatment to be able to detect changes over time or assess the response to different interventions. The cost of these devices is decreasing as this technology develops, making them more accessible to the public health care sector.</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion, 3D scanning is a quick, radiation-free and accurate method, so it could have a broad range of applications in the field of paediatrics as a new tool in diagnostic imaging.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Funding</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Research grant for funding of projects in biomedicine, health care management and social work and health care services. Regional Health Care Administration. Government of Castilla y Leon, 2017. Project file 1571/A/17).</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 1 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2019-01-23" "fechaAceptado" => "2019-02-20" "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Fuentes S, Damián F, Berlioz M, Pradillos JM, Lorenzo T, Experiencia inicial con el uso de un escáner tridimensional portátil. An Pediatr (Barc). 2020;92:236–237.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1288 "Ancho" => 1740 "Tamanyo" => 343559 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0005" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Three-dimensional point cloud surface reconstruction.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Clinical impact of optical imaging with 3-D reconstruction of torso topography in common anterior chest wall anomalies" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P. Poncet" 1 => "D. Kravarusic" 2 => "T. Richart" 3 => "R. Evison" 4 => "J.L. Ronsky" 5 => "A. Alassiri" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2006.12.070" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Pediatr Surg" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "42" "numero" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "898" "paginaFinal" => "903" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17502208" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "3D surface imaging in medicine: a review of working principles and implications for imaging the unsedated child" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "J.M. Riphagen" 1 => "J.W. van Neck" 2 => "L.N. van Adrichem" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/SCS.0b013e31811ec20a" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Craniofac Surg" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "19" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "517" "paginaFinal" => "524" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362736" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The Calgary protocol for bracing of pectus carinatum: a preliminary report" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "D. Kravarusic" 1 => "B.J. Dicken" 2 => "R. Dewar" 3 => "J. Harder" 4 => "P. Poncet" 5 => "M. Schneider" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2006.01.058" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Pediatr Surg" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "41" "numero" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "923" "paginaFinal" => "926" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16677884" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The vacuum bell for conservative treatment of pectus excavatum: the Basle experience" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "F.M. Haecker" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00383-010-2843-7" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pediatr Surg Int" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "27" "numero" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "623" "paginaFinal" => "627" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21240610" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/23412879/0000009200000004/v2_202005170621/S2341287920300272/v2_202005170621/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "38181" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Scientific letters" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/23412879/0000009200000004/v2_202005170621/S2341287920300272/v2_202005170621/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00005H&text.app=https://analesdepediatria.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2341287920300272?idApp=UINPBA00005H" ]
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| 2021 September | 33 | 42 | 75 |
| 2021 August | 28 | 33 | 61 |
| 2021 July | 33 | 18 | 51 |
| 2021 June | 21 | 32 | 53 |
| 2021 May | 24 | 38 | 62 |
| 2021 April | 68 | 67 | 135 |
| 2021 March | 43 | 25 | 68 |
| 2021 February | 32 | 8 | 40 |
| 2021 January | 36 | 19 | 55 |
| 2020 December | 36 | 15 | 51 |
| 2020 November | 20 | 20 | 40 |
| 2020 October | 22 | 17 | 39 |
| 2020 September | 25 | 21 | 46 |
| 2020 August | 17 | 14 | 31 |
| 2020 July | 33 | 24 | 57 |
| 2020 June | 22 | 23 | 45 |
| 2020 May | 48 | 27 | 75 |
| 2020 April | 9 | 7 | 16 |
| 2020 March | 28 | 15 | 43 |
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