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Detection of risk factors for preventable paediatric hospital readmissions
Detección de factores de riesgo de reingreso prevenible en la hospitalización pediátrica
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"referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Rosa" "apellidos" => "Rodríguez-Fernández" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Hospital Materno-infantil, Servicio de pediatría, Sección Pediatría Hospitalizados, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Detección de factores de riesgo de reingreso prevenible en la hospitalización pediátrica" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1122 "Ancho" => 1308 "Tamanyo" => 60582 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Readmission Kaplan–Meier survival curve: median time elapsed form the previous discharge to readmission.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hospital readmission rates are an indicator of quality of care in children's hospitals as well as a reflection of the population served by these facilites.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a> Readmission is defined as admission within 30 days from hospital discharge.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> However, the readmission rate that correlates to quality of care is the rate corresponding to preventable readmissions. In the scientific literature, preventable readmission is defined as readmission within 15 days from discharge for the same reason that caused the previous hospitalization,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> which excludes planned readmissions by definition. The most recent epidemiological studies have found 30-day potentially preventable readmission rates of up to 30%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Other studies have found variable rates (range, 8.4–18%) depending on the study design, population under study and definition of readmission applied in the study.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4–18</span></a> Authors have debated whether these rates are an actual reflection of care quality<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19,20</span></a> or are influenced by underlying chronic diseases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> In theory, preventable readmissions are related to the quality of the inpatient care received during the previous hospitalization. In contrast, nonpreventable readmissions are mainly related to the disease itself and the complexity of the population served by the hospital. Other factors depend mostly on the outpatient follow-up at the primary care level in the first 24–48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h from discharge or on patients themselves and their adherence to prescribed pharmacotherapy or health recommendations received at discharge.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Previous studies have identified factors associated with preventable paediatric readmissions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2,6–8,13,15</span></a> Some of these factors are the severity of disease, prematurity, psychiatric morbidity, chronic complex disease or the reason for the previous admission. In patients with no underlying disease, the preventable readmission rate is of 14–18%, depending on the study,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> while the preventable readmission rate in patients with underlying disease (cardiovascular, neurologic) or with special needs (mechanical ventilation or polypharmacy) is as high as 25–35%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,4</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The main objectives of our study were to analyse the characteristics of readmitted paediatric patients, to attempt to identify risk factors for preventable admission and to establish preventive measures.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Materials and methods</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We conducted a single centre observational and analytical study. We collected data retrospectively for the period of June 2012–November 2015 corresponding to the paediatric ward of a tertiary care level hospital in Madrid, Spain, that has 38 general paediatrics beds and manages 1800 paediatric admissions per year. Within this period, we included all patients aged 0–16 years admitted to the paediatric inpatient ward. We excluded patients admitted to other units (neonatology, surgery, oncology, nephrology and cardiology) or those in whom readmission was planned. We defined readmission as admission happening within 30 days of a previous discharge. Depending on the time elapsed before readmission, we classified readmissions as follows: very early readmission (within 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h of discharge), early readmission (within 2–7 days of discharge) and late readmission (7–30 days after discharge). We defined preventable readmission as readmission occurring in the first 15 days post discharge for the same reason that prompted the previous admission or a clinically related reason. We obtained information on the mean length of stay of readmitted patients and occupancy rates from the Department of Admissions of the hospital. We collected data on different variables to assess the characteristics of readmissions: demographic variables (age, sex, nationality, social risk), clinical variables (diagnosis, number of procedures, length of stay in prior admission and in readmission, personal history and number of visits to the emergency department since the last discharge). We consulted the Horus platform of the health care system of the Community of Madrid to determine whether the patient had been assessed by their paediatrician after the first discharge from hospital.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We assessed the severity of readmission based on the need of high-flow oxygen therapy or admission to the intensive care unit during the stay. We defined chronic patient as a patient with underlying disease lasting longer than 3 months<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> and complex chronic patient as a chronic patient whose management was more complex due to special needs (home oxygen therapy, home enteral nutrition) with shifts requiring continuous monitoring in clinics of different specialities and at different levels of care.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The statistical analysis was performed with the software SPSS version 21.0. (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). We have summarised quantitative variables as mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range (IQR) depending on whether the data followed a normal distribution. We have expressed qualitative data as percentages. We compared categorical variables by means of the chi square and Fisher exact tests, and continuous variables by means of the Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> and Kruskal–Wallis tests. We assessed the correlation between quantitative variables by means of the Spearman test. For the analysis of the time elapsed to readmission, we computed Kaplan–Meier survival curves. Subsequently, we performed a multivariate analysis by means of Cox regression to identify predictors associated with preventable readmission, including in the model all variables that were statistically significant in the univariate analysis or clinically relevant. We calculated the hazard ratio for each independent variable with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. We also evaluated potential colinearity and interactions between different variables under study. Statistical significance was defined as a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>-value of less than .05</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Results</span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Readmission rate</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the period under study, 5459 patients were admitted to the paediatric ward, of who 226 had been readmitted. Thus, the readmission rate was of 4.1%, with 1% (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50) corresponding to early readmission and 0.6% (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>36) to very early readmission. Based on the established definitions, 69.1% of readmissions were late readmissions, 22.1% early readmissions and 15.9% very early readmissions.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the months when occupancy was highest, greater than 70% (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>), the readmission rate was higher, a difference that was statistically significant (8.5% vs 2.5%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">.</span>01). The median time elapsed to readmission was 12 days (IQR, 10.1–13.8) as can be seen in the survival curve presented in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>. All patients had met the discharge criteria stipulated in the clinical protocols of the hospital at the time of discharge in the previous admission. However, only 27.4% of these patients had had a follow-up visit with their primary care paediatricians within 72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h from discharge. We found no differences based on age, sex, underlying disease, proportion of preventable readmissions or need of admission to PICU between patients that followed up with their paediatrician after the initial discharge and patients that did not.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Discharge occurred during the weekend in 22 patients (0.8% of the sample). We did not find significant differences based on whether the patient was originally discharged during the weekend or on a weekday in the proportion of preventable readmissions (4.42% vs 5%, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">.</span>50) or the time elapsed to readmission (8.5 days vs 11 days, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">.</span>95).</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Patient characteristics</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The median age of readmitted patients was 8 months (2–24 months), and 57.5% were male (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>130). Sixty-five percent of these patients (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>147) had some form of underlying or chronic disease, most frequently a respiratory disorder (35.8%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>81), followed by prematurity (22.1%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50) and neurologic disorders (20.4%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>46). Of all readmitted patients, 12.8% (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>29) had special needs, the most frequent of which were gastrostomy or nasogastric feeding (8%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18). The mean length of stay in the previous admission had been of 4.07 days, while the mean length of stay in the readmission was 4.7 days, a difference that was statistically significant (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">.</span>04). Of the preceding admissions, most had been for moderate disease (69.9%, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>358), while 13.7% were for severe disease (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>31).</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Preventable readmission</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When we analysed the cohort of patients readmitted for the same reason as the previous admission (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>164), 62 were readmitted less than 7 days after discharge and 30 within 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>hours of discharge, which corresponded to a proportion of preventable readmission of 1%. Of the reasons for readmission, the most common type was respiratory illness (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>131), followed by infection (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>79), gastrointestinal illness (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>62) and neurologic disorders (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>27). Nearly half of readmissions were classified as preventable (46.4%), and 27% of these patients did not have underlying disease. We performed a comparative analysis of preventable and nonpreventable readmissions (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>). We did not find statistically significant differences in the demographic characteristics (age, sex) of these groups, but the bivariate analysis revealed that a higher proportion of patients with severe disease or that required admission to the PICU were readmitted between 7 and 15 days after the previous discharge (preventable readmission). In addition, children admitted for gastrointestinal diseases were more likely to be readmitted in the first 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h post discharge (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">.</span>01), while patients with respiratory illness were more likely to be readmitted after 15 days post discharge (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">.</span>01). Patients with chronic special needs (gastrostomy, home cardiorespiratory monitoring, mechanical ventilation, etc.) that were readmitted early were readmitted in the first 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h more frequently (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">.</span>04).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Lastly, in the Cox regression analysis we found 2 covariates that were independently associated with preventable readmission: the presence of underlying disease (hazard ratio<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–2.27; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">.</span>04) and the number of emergency visits after discharge (hazard ratio<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11–2.48]; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">.</span>01) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Discussion</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This is the first study focused on readmissions in a general paediatrics ward, and it contributes data on some clinical factors that could be used to prevent readmission, although we did exclude postoperative complications, unlike what has been done in previous studies. We found that the unplanned readmission rate was significantly lower compared to previous studies (4.1% vs 29%).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> This discrepancy may be due to the study design, as we excluded patients admitted to other paediatric specialty units, such as cardiology, oncology, etc, which were included in other studies. The 2 risk factors for preventable readmission found in our study were the presence of underlying disease and the number of emergency visits post discharge, subsets of patients that clearly need to be taken into account in the development of prevention strategies.</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In our sample, readmissions seemed to be associated with the level of occupancy, as we found an increase in readmission rates with increasing occupancy. These results are consistent with the findings of previous studies in adult patients, which found that occupancy rates greater than 95% were significantly associated with an increase in nonpreventable readmissions. One of the proposed explanations is that high occupancy rates resulting from increased caseloads could motivate early discharges due to the demand for beds for other patients, which would increase unplanned readmissions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10–12</span></a> We have found no studies in the paediatric population analysing the association of readmission with health care caseloads. Such early discharges could have an impact on the time devoted to explaining to the patient the discharge recommendations and ensure adherence to treatment and special care based on the patient's condition.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hospital readmissions have an impact not only on quality of care, but also on health care expenditure. Previous studies have described associated costs amounting to 3.4 billion dollars of the total annual inpatient charges.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Furthermore, as evinced in our study, the mean length of stay is longer in readmissions compared to the previous admission, which further contributes to the increase in inpatient care costs.</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although most readmissions were late readmissions, nearly 50% of these were considered preventable, so this percentage needs to improve if we are to improve the quality of care. None of the baseline demographic characteristics, including age, was associated with the risk of preventable admission in our study, unlike other studies where readmissions were more frequent in infants aged less than 1 year.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> However, many children with underlying chronic diseases were readmitted within a few days (65%). The multivariate analysis showed that complex chronic disease was associated with preventable readmission independently of other clinical factors, such as patient age or disease severity. This finding was consistent with those of other previous studies that found how chronic disease progression and complications of health care procedures were the most common reasons for readmission.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,7,9,13–20,22</span></a></p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The clinical reason for readmission has been investigated as a possible patient-related predictor of preventable readmission. In our study, readmissions due to gastrointestinal disorders seemed to occur earlier and be preventable in a higher proportion of cases compared to those due to other medical conditions. In opposition, readmissions due to respiratory diseases seemed to occur later, which diverged from other studies where respiratory decompensation is a factor involved in preventable readmission. This discrepancy is probably due in part to epidemiological and cultural differences in care delivery between countries.</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Some of the strategies used to prevent paediatric readmissions are discharge planning and post-discharge follow-up in coordination with primary care. A salient finding in our study was that only 27.4% of discharged patients had a follow-up visit with their primary care paediatrician. This could be a risk factor for readmission, but it did not seem to have an impact on preventable readmissions. Recent studies focused on the prevention of readmission recommend investigating predictors of preventable readmission by means of interviews with parents, patients aged more than 12 years and primary care physicians.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,16,17</span></a></p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our strategies to prevent these readmissions must mainly focus on patients with underlying chronic disease, as the latter is associated with preventable readmission. However, they should also consider patients discharged after admission for gastrointestinal disease or that had severe diseases or required admission to the PICU, as these carried a higher probability of preventable readmission, even if these variables were not significant predictors in the multivariate analysis. Some of the strategies implemented recently after performance of this study were coordination with primary care through a link nurse system to plan the discharge and subsequent follow-up of the patient. New paper-based and online documentation has been attached to the discharge summary with clinical recommendations after discharge and recommendation for the care of the patient with special needs. We have also implemented a “hospital follow-up visit 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h post discharge” policy for patients with preventable risk factors for readmission (mainly patients with chronic disease), with scheduling of a visit within 1 week of discharge to prevent readmission and ensure adherence to treatment. For patients with underlying disease and reduced mobility, we have established a “telemedicine consultation” that allows the hospital paediatrician to get in touch with the patient at home. The post-discharge follow-up of these patients could not only reduce the readmission rate, but also decrease the number of emergency visits after discharge, as we found in our study. It can also have a substantial impact on care quality and inpatient care costs, although the actual results of these strategies have yet to be evaluated.</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There are limitations to our study due to its retrospective design, as we could not verify, among other aspects, whether the patients in the sample were readmitted in a different hospital. Thus, we cannot assess the risk of readmission in patients, but rather compare readmission rates in different periods and therefore different patients. Furthermore, we could not obtain data on the social situation of the patients or any potential language barriers of parents, which could be factors influencing readmission. Also, the sample only included children admitted to the general paediatrics ward, which may limit the generalization to other hospitals with different models of care delivery. However, we identified a need to pay especial attention to the follow-up of chronic patients, which is a care quality strategy shared by different health care institutions.</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Conclusions</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fifty percent of the readmissions in our study were potentially preventable on account of hospital- and patient-related factors related to the quality of care and the characteristics of the served population. In our sample, underlying chronic disease was a predictor for readmission, which highlights the need to develop strategies for the follow-up of these patients with the purpose of improving the quality of their care and prevent readmissions.</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:11 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1272626" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Introduction and objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Material and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1177405" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1272625" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Introducción y objetivos" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Material y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1177404" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Results" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Readmission rate" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Patient characteristics" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Preventable readmission" ] ] ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest" ] 10 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2018-08-06" "fechaAceptado" => "2018-12-08" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1177405" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Hospital readmission" 1 => "Paediatric hospital" 2 => "Quality assurance in health care" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1177404" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Reingreso hospitalario" 1 => "Hospital pediátrico" 2 => "Calidad en el cuidado de la salud" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introduction and objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Readmission rate is an indicator of the quality of hospital care. The aim of the study is to identify potential preventable factors for paediatric readmission.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A descriptive, analytical, longitudinal, and single centre study was carried out in the Paediatric Hospitalisation ward of a tertiary hospital during the period from June 2012 to November 2015. Readmission was defined as the one that occurs in the first 30 days of previous admission, as very early readmission if it occurs in the first 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h, early readmission in the 2–7 days, and late readmission after 7 days. Preventable readmission is defined as one that takes place in the first 15 days and for the same reason as the first admission. Epidemiological and clinical variables were analysed. A univariate and multivariate study was carried out.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In the study period, 5459 patients were admitted to the paediatric hospital, of which 226 of them were readmissions (rate of readmission: 4.1%). When the hospital occupation rate was greater than 70%, the overall percentage of readmissions was significantly higher (8.5% vs 2.5%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.001). In the multivariate analysis, it was found that having a chronic disease and the number of visits to emergency care units before admission, are predictive factors of preventable readmission.</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The rate of readmissions is greater in the periods of higher care pressure. The readmission of patients with chronic condition is preventable, and therefore strategies must be designed to try to avoid them.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Introduction and objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Material and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Introducción y objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La tasa de reingresos hospitalarios es un indicador de calidad de la asistencia hospitalaria. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir factores de riesgo de reingreso prevenible en la hospitalización pediátrica.</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Material y métodos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio analítico, retrospectivo, unicéntrico realizado en las plantas de Pediatría de un hospital terciario (junio de 2012 a noviembre de 2015). Se definió reingreso al que acontecía en los primeros 30 días del ingreso previo: muy precoz (en menos de 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h), precoz (2-7 días) y tardío (a partir de 7 días). Se definió reingreso prevenible al que ocurrió en los primeros 15 días y por la misma causa del primer ingreso. Se analizaron variables epidemiológicas y clínicas. Se realizó un estudio univariante y posteriormente multivariante.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En el período de estudio ingresaron en las plantas de Pediatría General Hospitalaria 5.459 pacientes y reingresaron 226 (tasa de reingreso del 4,1%). Cuando la tasa de ocupación hospitalaria es mayor del 70%, el porcentaje global de reingresos es significativamente mayor (8,5 vs. 2,5%), p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,001<span class="elsevierStyleBold">.</span> En el análisis de regresión de Cox se objetivó que la presencia de enfermedad de base y el número de visitas a urgencias desde el alta son factores de predicción de reingreso prevenible.</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La tasa de reingresos es mayor en los períodos de mayor presión asistencial. El reingreso de los pacientes con patología crónica de base es prevenible, y por lo tanto hay que diseñar estrategias para intentar evitarlo.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Introducción y objetivos" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Material y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Please cite this article as: Pérez-Moreno J, Leal-Barceló AM, Márquez Isidro E, Toledo-del Castillo B, González-Martínez F, González-Sánchez MI, et al. Detección de factores de riesgo de reingreso prevenible en la hospitalización pediátrica. An Pediatr (Barc). 2019;91:365–370.</p>" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Previous presentations: this study was presented at the Congress of the Sociedad Española de Calidad Asistencial, October 19, 2016; Cordoba, Spain; and at the 64th Congress of the Asociación Española de Pediatría, June 2–4, 2016, Valencia, Spain.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1005 "Ancho" => 2489 "Tamanyo" => 230926 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Relationship of the admission and readmission rates to the occupancy rate.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1122 "Ancho" => 1308 "Tamanyo" => 60582 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Readmission Kaplan–Meier survival curve: median time elapsed form the previous discharge to readmission.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Preventable(<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>104)</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Nonpreventable(<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>122) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">≤7 days<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>43 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">7–15 days<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>61 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">≥15 days<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>122 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 (2–37) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 (3–36) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">14 (2.5–36) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Male sex \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">48% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">60% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">58.8% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.13 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mean length of stay<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 days \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">31% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">49% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">58.8% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.46 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Severe disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4.8% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">25.4% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><.01<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Admission to PICU \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">37% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">21% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><.01<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Chronic disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">56% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">72% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">67% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.09 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Underlying respiratory disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">51% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">65% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">62% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.47 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Gastrointestinal reason for admission \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">67% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">38% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">15% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><.01<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Respiratory reason for admission \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">50% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">45% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">86% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><.01<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Chronic special needs \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.5% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2177010.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Statistically significant difference.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparison of preventable and nonpreventable readmissions.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; LOS, length of stay.</p><p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We analysed age and mean length of stay as continuous variables, and all other variables as dichotomous variables. Values marked with an asterisk were statistically significant.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Predictors \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Preventable readmissionHR (95% CI) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.02 (0.9–1.06) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.32 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Severity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.27 (0.73–2.13) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.38 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Underlying disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.51 (1.07–2.27) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.04* \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Emergency visits \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.66 (1.11–2.48) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.01* \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mean LOS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.01 (0.95–1.07) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.68 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Respiratory admission \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.69 (0.47–1.01) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.06 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Gastrointestinal admission \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.18 (0.69–2.01) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.52 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2177011.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Predictors of preventable readmission in a Cox regression model.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:22 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0115" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Identifying potentially preventable readmissions" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "N.I. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2024 October | 45 | 37 | 82 |
| 2024 September | 48 | 27 | 75 |
| 2024 August | 54 | 60 | 114 |
| 2024 July | 40 | 23 | 63 |
| 2024 June | 31 | 26 | 57 |
| 2024 May | 54 | 36 | 90 |
| 2024 April | 39 | 34 | 73 |
| 2024 March | 39 | 12 | 51 |
| 2024 February | 34 | 27 | 61 |
| 2024 January | 29 | 20 | 49 |
| 2023 December | 36 | 23 | 59 |
| 2023 November | 28 | 37 | 65 |
| 2023 October | 22 | 16 | 38 |
| 2023 September | 20 | 20 | 40 |
| 2023 August | 27 | 19 | 46 |
| 2023 July | 32 | 24 | 56 |
| 2023 June | 23 | 24 | 47 |
| 2023 May | 26 | 21 | 47 |
| 2023 April | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| 2023 March | 44 | 23 | 67 |
| 2023 February | 34 | 13 | 47 |
| 2023 January | 15 | 14 | 29 |
| 2022 December | 56 | 20 | 76 |
| 2022 November | 45 | 20 | 65 |
| 2022 October | 48 | 40 | 88 |
| 2022 September | 33 | 20 | 53 |
| 2022 August | 38 | 37 | 75 |
| 2022 July | 42 | 35 | 77 |
| 2022 June | 44 | 25 | 69 |
| 2022 May | 59 | 37 | 96 |
| 2022 April | 101 | 32 | 133 |
| 2022 March | 113 | 38 | 151 |
| 2022 February | 101 | 24 | 125 |
| 2022 January | 74 | 25 | 99 |
| 2021 December | 51 | 30 | 81 |
| 2021 November | 78 | 32 | 110 |
| 2021 October | 59 | 55 | 114 |
| 2021 September | 61 | 39 | 100 |
| 2021 August | 45 | 29 | 74 |
| 2021 July | 33 | 22 | 55 |
| 2021 June | 39 | 36 | 75 |
| 2021 May | 47 | 31 | 78 |
| 2021 April | 94 | 49 | 143 |
| 2021 March | 93 | 35 | 128 |
| 2021 February | 58 | 13 | 71 |
| 2021 January | 46 | 21 | 67 |
| 2020 December | 50 | 17 | 67 |
| 2020 November | 29 | 17 | 46 |
| 2020 October | 23 | 11 | 34 |
| 2020 September | 97 | 32 | 129 |
| 2020 August | 56 | 25 | 81 |
| 2020 July | 107 | 27 | 134 |
| 2020 June | 31 | 18 | 49 |
| 2020 May | 32 | 21 | 53 |
| 2020 April | 35 | 9 | 44 |
| 2020 March | 37 | 20 | 57 |
| 2020 February | 36 | 19 | 55 |
| 2020 January | 34 | 13 | 47 |
| 2019 December | 81 | 15 | 96 |
| 2019 November | 18 | 6 | 24 |
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