was read the article
array:24 [ "pii" => "S2341287916301624" "issn" => "23412879" "doi" => "10.1016/j.anpede.2016.03.009" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-07-01" "aid" => "2086" "copyright" => "Asociación Española de Pediatría" "copyrightAnyo" => "2015" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "An Pediatr (Barc). 2017;87:18-25" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2459 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 178 "HTML" => 1774 "PDF" => 507 ] ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S1695403316301540" "issn" => "16954033" "doi" => "10.1016/j.anpedi.2016.03.016" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-07-01" "aid" => "2086" "copyright" => "Asociación Española de Pediatría" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "An Pediatr (Barc). 2017;87:18-25" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2546 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 106 "HTML" => 1783 "PDF" => 657 ] ] "es" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original</span>" "titulo" => "Yodurias y consumo de lácteos en preescolares del Área Suroccidental de Asturias" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "18" "paginaFinal" => "25" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Urinary iodine levels and dairy consumption in pre-school children in Southwest Asturias (Spain)" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Esther Arbesú Fernández, M. Haydee Serrano Peraza, Hans Abdón Eguia Angeles, César Oliver Sotelo García, Claude Henrry Saint Jean, Nache Ismael Musa Martín" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Esther" "apellidos" => "Arbesú Fernández" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M. Haydee" "apellidos" => "Serrano Peraza" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Hans Abdón" "apellidos" => "Eguia Angeles" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "César Oliver" "apellidos" => "Sotelo García" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Claude Henrry" "apellidos" => "Saint Jean" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Nache Ismael" "apellidos" => "Musa Martín" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2341287916301624" "doi" => "10.1016/j.anpede.2016.03.009" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2341287916301624?idApp=UINPBA00005H" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1695403316301540?idApp=UINPBA00005H" "url" => "/16954033/0000008700000001/v1_201706270007/S1695403316301540/v1_201706270007/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2341287917300984" "issn" => "23412879" "doi" => "10.1016/j.anpede.2016.06.009" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-07-01" "aid" => "2128" "copyright" => "Asociación Española de Pediatría" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "An Pediatr (Barc). 2017;87:26-33" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2291 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 134 "HTML" => 1722 "PDF" => 435 ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Five steps to decreasing nosocomial infections in very preterm newborns: A quasi-experimental study" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "26" "paginaFinal" => "33" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Cinco pasos para la disminución de las infecciones relacionadas con la asistencia sanitaria en prematuros de muy bajo peso. Estudio cuasiexperimental" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 792 "Ancho" => 1625 "Tamanyo" => 70554 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Flow chart of patient inclusion in the study.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Ana García González, José Luis Leante Castellanos, Carmen Fuentes Gutiérrez, José María Lloreda García, José Ramón Fernández Fructuoso, Elisabet Gómez Santos, Verónica García González" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ana" "apellidos" => "García González" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José Luis" "apellidos" => "Leante Castellanos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Carmen" "apellidos" => "Fuentes Gutiérrez" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José María" "apellidos" => "Lloreda García" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José Ramón" "apellidos" => "Fernández Fructuoso" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Elisabet" "apellidos" => "Gómez Santos" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Verónica" "apellidos" => "García González" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S169540331630217X" "doi" => "10.1016/j.anpedi.2016.06.007" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S169540331630217X?idApp=UINPBA00005H" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2341287917300984?idApp=UINPBA00005H" "url" => "/23412879/0000008700000001/v1_201706270007/S2341287917300984/v1_201706270007/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S234128791730090X" "issn" => "23412879" "doi" => "10.1016/j.anpede.2015.12.008" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-07-01" "aid" => "2022" "copyright" => "Asociación Española de Pediatría" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "An Pediatr (Barc). 2017;87:9-17" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1424 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 109 "HTML" => 953 "PDF" => 362 ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Cultural adaptation to Spanish and assessment of an Adolescent Peer Relationships Tool for detecting school bullying: Preliminary study of the psychometric properties" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "9" "paginaFinal" => "17" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Adaptación cultural al español y baremación del <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument</span> (APRI) para la detección de la victimización por acoso escolar: Estudio preliminar de las propiedades psicométricas" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2444 "Ancho" => 1238 "Tamanyo" => 152740 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cross-cultural adaptation process.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Juan J. Gascón-Cánovas, Jessica Roxanna Russo De León, Antonio Cózar Fernandez, Jose M. Heredia Calzado" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Juan J." "apellidos" => "Gascón-Cánovas" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Jessica Roxanna" "apellidos" => "Russo De León" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Antonio" "apellidos" => "Cózar Fernandez" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Jose M." "apellidos" => "Heredia Calzado" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S1695403315005597" "doi" => "10.1016/j.anpedi.2015.12.003" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1695403315005597?idApp=UINPBA00005H" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S234128791730090X?idApp=UINPBA00005H" "url" => "/23412879/0000008700000001/v1_201706270007/S234128791730090X/v1_201706270007/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:20 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Urinary iodine levels and dairy consumption in pre-school children in Southwest Asturias (Spain)" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "18" "paginaFinal" => "25" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Esther Arbesú Fernández, María Haydee Serrano Peraza, Hans Abdón Eguia Angeles, César Oliver Sotelo García, Claude Henrry Saint Jean, Nache Ismael Musa Martín" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Esther" "apellidos" => "Arbesú Fernández" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "esther.arbesu@sespa.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "María Haydee" "apellidos" => "Serrano Peraza" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Hans Abdón" "apellidos" => "Eguia Angeles" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "César Oliver" "apellidos" => "Sotelo García" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Claude Henrry" "apellidos" => "Saint Jean" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Nache Ismael" "apellidos" => "Musa Martín" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Área Sanitaria 2 del Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA), Hospital Carmen y Severo Ochoa, Cangas del Narcea, Asturias, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Área Sanitaria 2 del Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA), Centro de Salud de Cangas del Narcea, Asturias, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Yodurias y consumo de lácteos en preescolares del Área Suroccidental de Asturias" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Iodine deficiency has historically affected mankind extensively, especially populations living inland or at high altitudes. Iodine was first associated with thyroid function in the late nineteenth century, and a few decades later there was evidence that its deficiency caused a series of health problems generally labelled “iodine deficiency disorders” (IDDs) that affect foetal and child development (cretinism, physical and cognitive development, increased rate of miscarriage and childhood mortality, and congenital anomalies) as well as the adult population (hypothyroidism and goitre).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">From the late twentieth century, the World Health Organisation (WHO), the United Nations Children's Fund and the International Council for Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders have promoted numerous initiatives that seek to raise awareness in citizens and national and regional governments regarding the importance of eradicating these disorders by increasing dietary iodine intake. Since it is very cost-effective, iodised salt has been the measure adopted by most countries in the world.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> In 1983, Spain regulated the iodisation of salt for human consumption, establishing an amount of 60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg of iodine per kilogram of salt with a tolerance margin of ±15% (51–69<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/kg).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In 1982, goitre was endemic in Asturias.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> For that reason, in 1983 the Asturias Council of Public Health started launching campaigns to promote the consumption of iodised salt in homes and mandated its use in school canteens. Recommended iodine intakes were achieved in 1992, so the campaigns were considered a success.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,5</span></a> A study conducted in 2010 found that iodised salt was used in 66% of the homes and 100% of school canteens, with median urinary iodine levels of 180<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L in children aged 6–14 years and 176<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L in women of child-bearing age that corresponded to optimal dietary intakes of iodine.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the other hand, iodine supplementation of animal feeds to prevent IDDs in poultry and cattle (which was regulated by the European Economic Community in 1970<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>) resulted in increases in the iodine contents of foods of animal origin (which were highest in egg yolks and milk). Thus, in the past three decades, the high frequency of consumption of milk and dairy products and the amounts consumed have made these foods major sources of iodine in several countries, including Spain.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7–10</span></a> Since dairy consumption is high in the young population, our study focused on the population aged 2–5 years to assess the impact of dairy in iodine intake.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We conducted our study in the south west of Asturias, a rural area that at the time of the study had a population of 27,847 inhabitants holders of a personal public health care card (Tarjeta Sanitaria Individual [TSI]), and where cattle farming and mining are the main economic sectors. In 1986, this region had the highest prevalence of goitre in the autonomous community of Asturias, and while the prevalence declined significantly by 1994, it was still of 16.4%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Patients and methods</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study between October 2013 and February 2014 that was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics of Asturias and the Fiscalía de Menores (Child Welfare Office).</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Population and sample</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The universe of the study consisted of children holders of a TSI for Health Area II of Asturias aged between 2 and 5 years in 2013. We planned to study 200 children, chosen randomly in proportion to the size of municipality of residence, age and sex, and included 286 to be able to count on replacements to make up for potential losses to follow up. We invited families to participate in the study by postal mail, sending information about the study and a copy of the informed consent form. Subsequently, we phoned the parents, making three attempts at different times of the day, and scheduled an appointment for those that agreed to participate at the corresponding health care centre to obtain a random urine sample from the child and conduct a dietary interview. In all municipalities except Tineo (Cangas del Narcea, Pola de Allande, Ibias and Degaña) arrangements were made so that participants that were unable to go to the health care centre in the morning could go in the afternoon. The exclusion criteria were presence of autoimmune thyroid disease, use of diapers or residence outside the health area.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Dietary survey</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The survey consisted of a personal interview, and we collected data for sociodemographic variables (sex, date of birth, municipality of residence, school attended), history of thyroid disease, use of school canteen services, habitual consumption (daily or weekly) of glasses of milk (noting the brand and type of milk) and of single units of yoghourt, flan, custard or <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Petit Suisse</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>, eggs, servings of cheese and fish. We also asked about the consumption of iodised salt including the information provided by the label in the salt packaging; for schools, we obtained this information through a telephone call.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Urine sample management and measurement of urinary iodine levels (μg/L)</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The collected urine samples were transported under refrigeration to the laboratory of the Hospital Comarcal Carmen y Severo Ochoa, where aliquots were prepared and frozen. Aliquots were then submitted to the Hospital Central de Asturias where urinary iodine levels were measured by high-resolution chromatography.</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Overall dairy daily servings were calculated by considering one glass of milk (200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL) and one serving of cheese as one serving, and single units of other dairy products a half serving. We calculated the mean and standard deviation (SD) for the different sociodemographic variables.</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We measured daily consumption of milk and dairy servings, and weekly consumption of eggs and fish. We considered that the children consumed iodised salt when parents reported that the label in the salt packaging indicated that it was “iodised”. All variables under analysis were quantitative, and we obtained the absolute frequencies and percentages and the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the main variables, such as the consumption of iodised salt and the total servings of dairy.</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We estimated iodine intake based on the mean daily servings consumed of milk, dairy products, fish and eggs. For milk, we used the iodine content data corresponding to Oviedo in the study by Soriguer et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> and for the other foods, we used the information of the Spanish Food Composition Database (Base de Datos Española de Composición de Alimentos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> [BEDCA]), averaging the minimum and maximum values of the most frequently consumed foods.</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The indicator used to assess iodine nutritional status in our sample was the median (fiftieth percentile [P<span class="elsevierStyleInf">50</span>]) urinary iodine level, analysing its distribution in all the variables under study, and we interpreted their values according to the criteria established by the WHO for school-aged children<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13,14</span></a>: median of less than 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L as iodine deficiency, median of 100–199<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L as adequate iodine intake, median of 200–299<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L as intake exceeding recommendations, and median of 300 or more μg/L as excessive intake. We calculated the 25<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> and 75<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentiles (P<span class="elsevierStyleInf">25</span> and P<span class="elsevierStyleInf">75</span>) to assess the dispersion in the distribution of urinary iodine levels.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We used the chi square test to analyse the differences between percentages, the Student's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> test for differences between means in independent samples, and the Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test or Kruskal–Wallis test to analyse the difference between two or more medians, respectively. We defined statistical significance as a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value of less than .05 in the two-tailed test. We performed the statistical analysis with SPSS<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> version 12.0 for Windows<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>.</p></span></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Results</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nutritional information was obtained from 198 preschool-aged children and urinary iodine levels from 193 (97.5%). Of these, 20.2% (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40) were replacements, 22 due to refusal to take part in the study and the rest because of change of address or lack of response to telephone calls. The distribution of the sample by socio-demographic variables (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>) mirrors the population, with the exception of 3-year olds, which are over-represented (27.3% versus 23.6%). Boys accounted for 55.1% and the majority came from the municipalities of Cangas del Narcea (57.1%) and Tineo (31.8%). Most children (77.8%) had lunch at home while the remaining 22.2% had lunch at the school canteen from Monday to Friday.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Iodised salt</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The use of iodised salt was reported by 80.7% of the parents and 100% of school canteens. From both sources, we estimated that of 86.5% of our sample (95% CI, 81.4–91.6) consumed iodised salt (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>), of whom 6.0% only consumed it at school.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Intake from foods</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Of all participants, 69.9% consumed two or more glasses of milk a day (83.3% in Tineo-Pola de Allande-Ibias and 61.7% in Cangas del Narcea-Degaña), and most of them consumed whole milk (82.4%) from the Central Lechera Asturiana<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> brand (63.2%). Cheese consumption was reported in 79.8%: 49.2% fewer than one serving a day, 56.1% semi-cured cheese, and 39.4% fresh cheese. Furthermore, 88.1% consumed one serving of other type of dairy every day, which was yoghourt in 98.0% (whole fat in 98.5%), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Petit Suisse</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> in 70.7%, custard in 37.9% and flan in 24.2% (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>).</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When it came to the total daily consumption of dairy, 37.9% of the sample consumed two to three servings a day, and 58.5% (95% CI, 51.5–65.3) more than three. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a> shows a mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>standard deviation consumption of 3.8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.4 (95% CI, 3.6–4.0) servings of dairy a day, and we found no differences based on sex or age, although we did find a difference based on the municipality of residence, with the highest consumption found in children from the towns of Tineo-Pola de Allande-Ibias (4.3 versus 3.5 servings/day in children from Cangas del Narcea-Degaña; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.000).</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In our sample, 80.3% of participants reported that they usually consumed between two and four eggs a week, and 73.1% reported consuming two or more servings of fish a week.</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Urinary iodine levels (μg/L)</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The median urinary iodine level of the population under study was 184<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L. It exceeded 150<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L in both boys and girls and in all age groups, with the highest levels of more than 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L found in children aged 2 and 3 years of age. The median level in children from Tineo, Pola de Allande and Ibias was 35% greater than in children from Cangas del Narcea and Degaña (211.0 versus 156.0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.000) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We found levels below 50<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L in 3.1% of participants (4.2% in the municipalities of Cangas and Degaña and 1.3% in the others) and exceeding 300<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L in 18.1% (and in more than 20% in the following subsets: boys, residents of Tineo-Pola de Allande-Ibias, consumers of low fat milk, and consumers of four or more servings of dairy/day) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When it came to dairy products, we only found a significant association between urinary iodine levels and the consumption of milk, with iodine levels increasing linearly with the number of glasses consumed (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.052, almost statistically significant), and a median level of 282.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L in participants that consumed four or more glasses of milk. The median in participants that consumed low fat milk was 38% higher than the median in those that consumed whole milk (233.0 versus 169.0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.000). We also found a dose-dependent association between urinary iodine levels and the number of servings of any type of dairy consumed a day, but this result was not statistically significant (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>).</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The median intake was higher in children that consumed iodised salt compared to children that did not (189.5 versus 176.0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L), although this difference was not statistically significant (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>). We did not find an association between urinary iodine levels and the consumption of eggs or fish.</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Estimation of iodine intake based on the mean daily consumption of milk and derivatives, fish and eggs</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The estimated iodine intake ranged between 117.4 and 178.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg a day. Milk was the main source, contributing 89.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg a day. Between 8 and 24.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg a day of iodine would come from dairy products such as yoghourt, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Petit Suisse</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>, flan and custard, while eggs would contribute 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg a day. The iodine contribution of cheese and fish varies widely depending on the food consumed (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">Table 5</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Discussion</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We found an adequate iodine intake in the sample under study, with a median urinary iodine level that was higher than the one observed in the 6-to-14-year old population of Asturias in 2010<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,15</span></a> (184<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L versus 180<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L) and in other regions of Spain, such as La Axarquía in 1997–1998 (120<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> and the Basque Country in 2012 (147<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The mean number of dairy servings consumed per day was also higher than the one observed in the age 6-to-14 years population in 2010<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,15</span></a> (3.8 versus 3.3). The current recommendation for children is two to three servings a day,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> but 58.5% of the sample under study consumed more than three servings a day. There was a clear difference in consumption between municipalities (4.3 versus 3.5 servings/day) that was accompanied by a difference in the corresponding urinary iodine levels, with participants from Tineo-Pola de Allande-Ibias consuming amounts of iodine that exceeded recommendations and participants from Cangas del Narcea-Degaña of preschool age having a higher risk of insufficient iodine intake. The difference in dairy consumption patterns may be related to the livestock that predominates in the towns with the highest populations, such as beef cattle in Cangas del Narcea and dairy cattle in Tineo (in 2013 Tineo produced 18.8% of the milk in Asturias).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Most children consumed at least two glasses of milk a day and one serving a day (equivalent to two units) of dairy products, mainly yoghourt and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Petit Suisse</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>. Although cheese was consumed frequently, it was in lesser amounts.</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We found an association between urinary iodine levels and milk intake measured in glasses consumed. Children that drank four or more glasses of milk a day had an iodine intake that could be a mild health hazard due to exceeding daily requirements (urinary iodine level, 282.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L), something that was also observed in consumers of low fat milk (urinary iodine level, 233<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L).</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Considering that both deficiencies and excesses in intake need to be prevented,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13,18</span></a> a salient finding in our study was that 26.1% of participants had extreme urinary iodine levels of less than 50 or of 300 or more micrograms per litre. Extreme intake can lead to problems associated with hyperthyroidism in individuals with a history of goitre that reside in previously iodine-deficient areas (Jod Basedow effect), autoimmune thyroiditis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13,14,18</span></a> and subclinical hypothyroidism.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> In 2013, ten countries in the world were categorised as having excessive iodine intake,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> and in 2005 the European Union, concerned that peak levels of iodine in milk and eggs could be exceeding the levels allowed in adolescents and adults,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> mandated the reduction of the iodine content in cattle and poultry feeds from 10 to 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a></p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Milk was already described as a significant source of iodine in 1997–1998 in La Axarquía<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> and in subsequent studies in Spain.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,10</span></a> This is also consistent with the fact that in the United Kingdom—the first country in Europe that implemented iodine fortification of livestock feed, before 1940—, while sales of iodised salt in the continent amounted to only 5% of the total salt, adequate iodine levels were achieved when consumption of milk increased in schoolchildren due to its promotion by successive governments.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18,22</span></a> The decrease in milk consumption observed in recent years has resulted in the resurgence of iodine deficiency in this country.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18,23</span></a></p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The lack of a statistically significant association between increased urinary iodine levels and increased overall consumption of dairy products in our study could be due to the lower content of iodine in dairy products and the variability of iodine intake depending on the product consumed. The dairy products consumed most frequently were whole milk yoghourt and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Petit Suisse</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>, estimated to contribute 6 and 8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g of iodine, respectively.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The contribution of eggs and fish to the total iodine intake is modest, as these foods are not consumed daily.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> Most of the sample under study consumed an adequate amount of eggs (2–4/week) and while consumption of fish was frequent, only 16% consumed the recommended four servings per week.</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The daily recommended allowance of iodine in children aged 1 to 8 years is 90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/day,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> and in the sample under study, this requirement would be met by consumption of milk alone, as it contributed 98.4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/day (a value obtained from adjusting the estimate of 89.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/day, as in the analysis of iodine content in milk in the form of iodide, the amount recovered is 87%<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>). This estimate is similar to the one calculated by Arrizabalaga et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> of 50<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg of iodine for one serving of 200–250<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL of milk based on the weighted annual mean of monthly analyses of the iodine content of milk samples, with the highest iodine concentrations occurring between January and May and the lowest between July and November, and intermediate concentrations from June to December. Our study was conducted between October and February, and thus encompasses a full range.</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The consumption of iodised salt was higher than it was in Asturias in 2010<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,15</span></a> (85.9% versus 66%). Since neither study verified iodine intake by checking the packaging label of the salt consumed, both may have overestimated intake. A study conducted in the Basque Country in 2012 that assessed intake based on the packaging label reported consumption of iodised salt in 53% of households.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> We also ought to note that iodised salt brands do not always reach the established concentrations, as in 1995 only 15% of salt packages distributed in Madrid and Cuenca had adequate iodine contents,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> and in 2014 in Asturias, 12 out of the 16 commercial brands did not meet regulatory standards (contents were either insufficient or excessive), although in April 2015, this issue had been resolved in 10 out of the 12 brands after appropriate measures were taken by the General Directorate of Public Health.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> Furthermore, iodine contents may decrease in households due to humidity. For all the above reasons, it is difficult to guarantee adequate iodine intake through salt consumption, even if the latter is widespread.</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Conclusions</span><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">1.</span><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dairy consumption must be monitored to adjust it to current recommendations, because while we observed an overall adequate intake of iodine in preschool-aged children, iodine intake may be insufficient or excessive in a considerable percentage.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">2.</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In order to maintain an optimal intake in the population, the health authorities should periodically monitor iodine concentrations in milk, as there may be changes in the production process or in dietary habits.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p></li></ul></p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Funding</span><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study was funded by the General Directorate of Public Health of the Health Department of the Autonomous Community of Asturias.</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors of this article have no conflicts of interest to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:12 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres857209" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Patients and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec851290" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres857210" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Introducción" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Pacientes y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec851289" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Patients and methods" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Population and sample" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Dietary survey" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Urine sample management and measurement of urinary iodine levels (μg/L)" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Results" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Iodised salt" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Intake from foods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Urinary iodine levels (μg/L)" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Estimation of iodine intake based on the mean daily consumption of milk and derivatives, fish and eggs" ] ] ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0070" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0075" "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest" ] 11 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2015-10-20" "fechaAceptado" => "2016-03-17" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec851290" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Child pre-school" 1 => "Nutritional requirements" 2 => "Iodine" 3 => "Milk" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec851289" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Preescolar" 1 => "Necesidades nutricionales" 2 => "Yodo" 3 => "Leche" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introduction</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">For decades dairy products have been a major source of iodine. The purpose of this study was to determine the iodine nutritional status and its relationship with dairy consumption in pre-schooler children between 2 and 5 years old in a rural area with 27847 inhabitants.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Patients and methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">It was planned to study 200 participants, selected by random sampling, proportional to the size of the municipality, age, and sex. Parents provided urine samples to analyse urinary iodine, as well as the nutritional information through an interview. A glass of milk or a slice of cheese was considered as a ration, and a portion of other milk derivatives were considered as half rations. The nutritional status of iodine was interpreted with the median (P[percentile]<span class="elsevierStyleInf">50</span>) of the urinary iodine levels, and iodine intake was estimated using the mean of ration/day of milk and dairy products, fish, and eggs.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Of the total of 198 subjects that took part, 193 provided urine specimens for the determination of iodine levels. The mean dairy ration/day was 3.8 (SD:1.4). More than two-thirds (69.9%) drank ≥2 glasses of milk/day, and 88.1% consumed a dairy ration of another dairy product. The median urinary iodine level was 184<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L, but was dependent on glasses of milk/day (282.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L ≥ 4 glasses) and/or the type of milk (233.0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L in semi-skimmed). An intake of 117.4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/day to 178.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/day of iodine was estimated, and that milk was the food which provided more iodine (89.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/day).</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Iodine intake was adequate, although higher than necessary when four or more glasses of milk were consumed, and/or when the milk was skimmed. The consumption of dairy products should be monitored to prevent both excessive and deficient intake of iodine.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Patients and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Introducción</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Hace décadas que los lácteos son una fuente principal de yodo. El fin del estudio fue conocer la situación nutricional de yodo y su relación con el consumo de lácteos, en preescolares de 2–5 años de una zona rural con 27847 habitantes.</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Pacientes y métodos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se planificó estudiar a 200, seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio proporcional al tamaño del municipio, edad y sexo. Los progenitores aportaron muestras de orina para analizar yoduria e información nutricional a través de entrevista. Equivalencia de un vaso de leche y una porción de queso a una ración, y la unidad de otros derivados a media ración. El estado nutricional del yodo se interpretó con la mediana (P[percentil]<span class="elsevierStyleInf">50</span>) de las yodurias y se estimó la ingesta de yodo con la media de raciones/día de leche y derivados, pescado y huevos.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Participaron 198. De 193 se analizaron yodurias. Media ± desviación estándar de raciones de lácteos/día de 3,8 ± 1,4. El 69,9% tomaba ≥ 2 vasos de leche/día y el 88,1% una ración de otros lácteos. Mediana de yodurias de 184<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L, dependiente de los vasos de leche/día (282,5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L en ≥ 4 vasos) y/o del tipo de leche (233,0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/l en semidesnatada). Se estimó una ingesta de 117,4–178,6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/día de yodo, y la leche el alimento que más yodo proporcionaría (89,9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/día).</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La ingesta de yodo resultó adecuada, aunque superior a la necesaria cuando bebían 4 o más vasos de leche y/o cuando la leche era semidesnatada. Se debe vigilar el consumo de lácteos para prevenir tanto excesos como déficits en la ingesta de yodo.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Introducción" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Pacientes y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0055">Please cite this article as: Arbesú Fernández E, Serrano Peraza MH, Eguia Angeles HA, Sotelo García CO, Saint Jean CH, Musa Martín NI. Yodurias y consumo de lácteos en preescolares del Área Suroccidental de Asturias. An Pediatr (Barc). 2017;87:18–25.</p>" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0060">Previous presentation: a summary of this study was presented orally and as a poster at the XXII Encuentro de Residentes de Medicina y Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria de Asturias, and Jornadas de Atención Primaria; April 10–11, 2014; Cangas de Onís, Spain.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SD \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">198 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sex</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">109 (55.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">89 (44.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age (years)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">41 (20.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">54 (27.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">53 (26.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">50 (25.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Municipality</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cangas del Narcea-Degaña \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">120 (60.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.3<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Tineo-Pola de Allande-Ibias \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">78 (39.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1448045.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "a" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Municipalities grouped by similar dairy intake: three or fewer servings per day in 71.4% of children in Degaña and 68.1% in Cangas del Narcea; more than three serving per day in 71.4% of children in Ibias, 54.0% in Tineo and 50.0% in Pola de Allande.</p>" ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0010" "etiqueta" => "b" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Statistically significant difference (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.000).</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mean number of dairy servings consumed per day by sex, age and municipality of residence (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>198).</p>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">25<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentile \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Median (50<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentile) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">75<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentile \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Iodised salt (n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">=</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">192)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">166 (86.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">130.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">189.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">268.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.912 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (9.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">138.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">176.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">292.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Do not know \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 (3.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Glasses of milk/day</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≤ 1 (0.0–1.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">58 (30.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">128.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">159.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">246.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.052 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 (1.5–2.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">74 (38.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">113.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">173.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">235.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 (2.5–3.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">45 (23.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">134.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">185.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">313.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥ 4 (3.5–6.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 (8.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">199.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">282.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">332.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Type of milk (n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">=</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">188)</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Whole \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">155 (82.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">113.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">169.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">239.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Low fat \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33 (17.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">176.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">233.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">336.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Servings of cheese/day</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>< 0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">95 (49.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">114.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">201.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">291.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.495 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1 (0.5–1.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">80 (41.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">135.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">176.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">252.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥ 2 (1.5–4.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 (9.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">96.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">165.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">216.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Servings of other dairy</span>/<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">day</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>< 0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 (11.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">201.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">275.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.882 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1 (0.5–1.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">127 (65.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">130.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">174.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">263.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥ 2 (1.5–4.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">43 (22.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">123.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">197.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">260.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total dairy servings/day</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≤ 1 (0.0–1.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (3.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">98.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">148.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">274.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.733 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 (1.5–2.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20 (10.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">120.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">159.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">294.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 (2.5–3.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">53 (27.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">120.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">162.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">240.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 (3.5–4.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">61 (31.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">126.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">174.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">239.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥ 5 (4.5–8.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">52 (26.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">134.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">207.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">291.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1448048.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0015" "etiqueta" => "a" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Data for the type of milk was not available for five participants.</p>" ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0020" "etiqueta" => "b" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">Other dairy: yoghourt, flan, custard and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Petit Suisse</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribution of intake of iodised salt, milk and dairy products, and corresponding urinary iodine levels (μg/L) (median, 25<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentile and 75<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentile) (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>193).</p>" ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at3" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">25<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentile \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Median (50<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentile) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">75<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentile \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">193 (100.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">125.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">184.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">267.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sex</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">107 (55.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">113.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">197.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">274.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.676 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">86 (44.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">138.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">172.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">244.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age (years)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">41 (21.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">127.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">201.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">301.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.087 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">52 (26.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">135.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">206.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">267.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">50 (25.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">89.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">158.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">213.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">50 (25.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">138.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">188.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">277.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Municipality</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cangas del Narcea-Degaña \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">118 (61.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">156.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">236.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Tineo-Pola de Allande-Ibias \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">75 (38.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">159.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">211.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">288.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1448049.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribution of urinary iodine levels (μg/L) (median, 25<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentile and 75<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> percentile) by demographic characteristics (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>193).</p>" ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0020" "etiqueta" => "Table 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at4" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sex</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Municipality</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Type of milk</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dairy servings/day</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Total \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Cangas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Tineo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Whole \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Low fat \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">≤1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">2–3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">≥4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="11" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Urinary iodine levels</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><50 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 (3.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (3.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 (2.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (4.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (1.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (3.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (3.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 (2.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (2.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50–99 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28 (14.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 (16.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (11.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 (19.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (6.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 (17.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (3.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 (15.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 (14.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>100–199 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">69 (35.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33 (30.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">36 (41.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">44 (37.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 (33.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">60 (38.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (21.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 (37.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">40 (35.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>200–295 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">55 (28.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28 (26.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 (31.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28 (23.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 (36.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">42 (27.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (36.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21 (28.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">32 (28.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥300 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">35 (18.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">24 (22.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 (12.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 (15.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 (22.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21 (13.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (36.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (16.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22 (29.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Total \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">193 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">107 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">86 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">118 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">75 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">155 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">73 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">113 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1448047.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0025" "etiqueta" => "a" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0025">Municipalities of Cangas del Nancea and Degaña.</p>" ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0030" "etiqueta" => "b" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0030">Municipalities of Tineo, Pola de Allande and Ibias.</p>" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0035" "etiqueta" => "c" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0035">We have not shown the percentages because they would be very inaccurate due to the low frequency.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Percentage distribution of urinary iodine levels (μg/L) by sex, municipality, type of milk and servings of dairy/day (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>193).</p>" ] ] 4 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0025" "etiqueta" => "Table 5" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at5" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SD servings/day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Approximate amount/serving \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Iodine content (μg) per serving (analysed in other studies) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Estimated iodine intake (μg)/day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Milk \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2.1 (1.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">42.8<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">89.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Cheese \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.7 (0.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2–34<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1.4–23.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Other dairy<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1.0 (0.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">8–24.3<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">8–24.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Eggs \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.5 (0.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Unit \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Fish \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.3 (0.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">27–102<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">8.1–30.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1448046.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0040" "etiqueta" => "a" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0040">Calculated from the mean iodine content of milks in Oviedo in 2008<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> (214<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>27<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μg/L).</p>" ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0045" "etiqueta" => "b" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0045">Yoghourt, flan, custard and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Petit Suisse</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>.</p>" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0050" "etiqueta" => "c" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0050">BEDCA (latest update in August 2010): minimum and maximum values for foods consumed most frequently: Cheese (2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g of fresh cheese, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">cabrales</span> blue cheese, goat cheese or ricotta <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">requesón</span>, and 34<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g Manchego cheese). Other dairy (8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Petit Suisse</span> and 24.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g whole milk yoghourt). Fish (27–37<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g of sardines, hake, sole and salmon and 60–102<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g of octopus, squid and fried cod).</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estimation of iodine intake based on the mean daily servings of dairy, eggs and fish (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>198).</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:25 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0130" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Iodine deficiency" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M.B. Zimmermann" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1210/er.2009-0011" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Endocr Rev" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "30" "paginaInicial" => "376" "paginaFinal" => "408" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19460960" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0135" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "United Nations Children's Fund, and the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "World Health Organization" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:5 [ "edicion" => "3rd ed." "titulo" => "Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination: a guide for programme managers" "fecha" => "2007" "editorial" => "World Health Organization" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Geneva" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0140" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Real Decreto 1424/1983, de 27 de abril, por el que se aprueba la Reglamentación Técnico-Sanitaria para la obtención, circulación y venta de la sal y salmueras comestibles. Boletín Oficial del Estado n.° 130 de 1 de junio de 1983." ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0145" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Erradicación de los trastornos por deficiencia de yodo en Asturias (España): 18 años de yodoprofilaxis con sal" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "E. Delgado" 1 => "F.J. Díaz" 2 => "T. Tartón" 3 => "M.L. Bobis" 4 => "M.M. Valdés" 5 => "A. Méndez" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Endocrinol Nutr" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "51" "paginaInicial" => "492" "paginaFinal" => "496" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0150" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "comentario" => "Patrocinado por Consejería de Sanidad, Consejería de Educación y Fundación para el Fomento en Asturias de la investigación Científica Aplicada y la Tecnología (FICYT). Available from la Dirección General de Salud Pública de la Consejería de Sanidad de Asturias" "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Estudio sobre la situación actual de la nutrición de yodo en Asturias después de 28 años de yodoprofilaxis con sal" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "E. Menéndez Torre" 1 => "M. Riestra Fernández" 2 => "F.J. Díaz Cadórniga" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:3 [ "fecha" => "2011" "editorial" => "Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Informe. Oviedo" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0155" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Diario Oficial de las Comunidades Europeas. Directiva del Consejo Europeo sobre los aditivos en la alimentación animal (70/524/CEE). No.L 270/1 (Nov. 23, 1970)." ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0160" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Evolución del estado de nutrición de yodo en los escolares de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.J. Arrizabalaga" 1 => "N. Larrañaga" 2 => "M. Espada" 3 => "P. Amiano" 4 => "J. Bidaurrazaga" 5 => "K. Latorre" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.endonu.2012.03.012" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Endocrinol Nutr" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "59" "paginaInicial" => "474" "paginaFinal" => "484" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22682534" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0165" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Los determinantes de la yoduria en una población escolar del sur de España" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M.C. Millón" 1 => "F. Soriguer" 2 => "R. Muñoz" 3 => "I. Mancha" 4 => "R. Gómez-Huelga" 5 => "E. Goiburu" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Endocrinol Nutr" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "48" "paginaInicial" => "104" "paginaFinal" => "109" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0170" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Iodine concentration in cow's milk and its relation with urinary iodine concentrations in the population" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "F. Soriguer" 1 => "C. Gutierrez-Repiso" 2 => "S. González-Romero" 3 => "G. Olveira" 4 => "M.J. Garriga" 5 => "I. Velasco" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.clnu.2010.07.001" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Nutr" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "30" "paginaInicial" => "44" "paginaFinal" => "48" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20675020" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0175" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Concentración de yodo en la leche ultrapasteurizada de vaca. Aplicaciones en la práctica clínica y en la nutrición comunitaria" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "J.J. Arrizabalaga" 1 => "M. Jalón" 2 => "M. Espada" 3 => "M. Cañas" 4 => "P.M. Latorre" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin (Barc)" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "145" "paginaInicial" => "55" "paginaFinal" => "61" ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0180" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Efectividad de la yodoprofilaxis en la prevención del bocio endémico en el área suroccidental de Asturias" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Enguix" 1 => "I. Riaño" 2 => "O. Larrubia" 3 => "R. Gómez de la Torre" 4 => "C. Rey" 5 => "J. Otero" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "An Med Interna" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "12" "paginaInicial" => "182" "paginaFinal" => "186" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7620063" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0185" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Base de Datos Española de Composición de Alimentos (BEDCA), coordinada por la Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria (AESAN) y elaborada de acuerdo a los estándares europeos elaborados por la Red de Excelencia Europea EuroFIR. [Accessed 13.04.15]. Available from: <a href="http://www.bedca.net/">http://www.bedca.net/</a>" ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0190" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Assessment of iodine nutrition in populations: past, present, and future" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "M.B. Zimmermann" 1 => "M. Andersson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00528.x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Nutr Rev" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "70" "paginaInicial" => "553" "paginaFinal" => "570" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23035804" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0195" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "comentario" => "[Accessed 23.12.15]. Available from: http//apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/130836/1/WHO NMH NHD EPG 14.3 spa.pdf?ua=1" "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Concentraciones de yodo en orina para establecer estado nutricional de yodo en poblaciones. Sistema de información nutricional sobre Vitaminas y Minerales" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "OMS" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:3 [ "fecha" => "2014" "editorial" => "Organización Mundial de la Salud" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Ginebra" ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0200" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Mosquera C. Situación actual de la nutrición de yodo en Asturias. Informe técnico, no publicado. Oviedo: Consejería de Sanidad de Asturias. Dirección General de Salud Pública. Promoción de la Salud; 2014 y 2015." ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0205" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "La alimentación de tus niños. Nutrición saludable de la infancia a la adolescencia. Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición (AESAN). Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo; 2005." ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0210" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Información Estadística Sociedad Asturiana de Estudios Económicos e Industriales (SADEI) [Accessed 9.04.15]. Available from: <a href="http://www.sadei.es/">http://www.sadei.es/</a>" ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0215" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Global iodine nutrition: where do we stand in 2013?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "E.N. Pearce" 1 => "M. Andersson" 2 => "M.B. Zimmermann" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1089/thy.2013.0128" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Thyroid" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "23" "paginaInicial" => "523" "paginaFinal" => "528" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23472655" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0220" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effects of increased iodine intake oh thyroid disorders" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "X. Sun" 1 => "Z. Shan" 2 => "W. Teng" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Endocrinol Metab" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "29" "paginaInicial" => "240" "paginaFinal" => "247" ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0225" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Opinion of the scientific panel on additives and products or substances used in animal feed (FEEDAP) on the request from the commission on the use of iodine in feedingstuffs" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "European Food Safety Authority" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Efsa" "fecha" => "2005" "paginaInicial" => "168" ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0230" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Reglamento (CE) No 1459/2005 de la Comisión de 8 de septiembre del 2005 por el que se modifican las condiciones para la autorización de una serie de aditivos en la alimentación animal pertenecientes al grupo de oligoelementos." ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0235" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Iodine, milk, and the elimination of endemic goitre in Britain: the story of an accidental public health triumph" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "D.I.W. Phillips" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Epidemiol Community Health" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "51" "paginaInicial" => "391" "paginaFinal" => "393" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9328545" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0240" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Iodine status of UK schoolgirls: a cross-sectional survey" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M.P.J. Vanderpump" 1 => "J.H. Lazarus" 2 => "P.P. Smyth" 3 => "P. Laurberg" 4 => "R.L. Holder" 5 => "K. Boelaert" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60693-4" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "377" "paginaInicial" => "2007" "paginaFinal" => "2012" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21640375" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0245" "etiqueta" => "24" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Disponibilidad de sal yodada y su contenido real de yodo" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S. Donnay Candils" 1 => "M. Abel Pareja" 2 => "F. Escobar del Rey" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Endocrinol Nutr" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "46" "paginaInicial" => "224" "paginaFinal" => "231" ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0250" "etiqueta" => "25" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Informe técnico, no publicado. Oviedo: Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad de Asturias; 2015." ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" "texto" => "<p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We want to thank the medical specialist in epidemiology, Carmen Mosquera Tenreiro, for her continued support and advice; Ana Araceli Eyo González, Guillermo Agramunt García-Sala (Hospital Carmen y Severo Ochoa), and Juan Carlos Fernández (Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias) for their work in the laboratory analysis of iodine levels; the entire staff of the Health Care Centres that provided us with the space to carry out the interviews and helped us manage unexpected issues; and, needless to say, all parents that decided to participate and spend the time necessary to go to the health care centres and answer all the questions in the interview.</p>" "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/23412879/0000008700000001/v1_201706270007/S2341287916301624/v1_201706270007/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "26005" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Original Articles" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/23412879/0000008700000001/v1_201706270007/S2341287916301624/v1_201706270007/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00005H&text.app=https://analesdepediatria.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2341287916301624?idApp=UINPBA00005H" ]
Year/Month | Html | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
2024 November | 10 | 8 | 18 |
2024 October | 65 | 47 | 112 |
2024 September | 64 | 63 | 127 |
2024 August | 64 | 99 | 163 |
2024 July | 61 | 42 | 103 |
2024 June | 58 | 25 | 83 |
2024 May | 49 | 54 | 103 |
2024 April | 48 | 44 | 92 |
2024 March | 43 | 31 | 74 |
2024 February | 38 | 39 | 77 |
2024 January | 47 | 26 | 73 |
2023 December | 32 | 27 | 59 |
2023 November | 52 | 22 | 74 |
2023 October | 39 | 22 | 61 |
2023 September | 25 | 25 | 50 |
2023 August | 38 | 24 | 62 |
2023 July | 29 | 26 | 55 |
2023 June | 40 | 28 | 68 |
2023 May | 40 | 22 | 62 |
2023 April | 25 | 22 | 47 |
2023 March | 69 | 28 | 97 |
2023 February | 38 | 20 | 58 |
2023 January | 27 | 28 | 55 |
2022 December | 69 | 37 | 106 |
2022 November | 47 | 28 | 75 |
2022 October | 61 | 46 | 107 |
2022 September | 30 | 36 | 66 |
2022 August | 38 | 65 | 103 |
2022 July | 29 | 39 | 68 |
2022 June | 42 | 52 | 94 |
2022 May | 22 | 40 | 62 |
2022 April | 38 | 39 | 77 |
2022 March | 55 | 42 | 97 |
2022 February | 28 | 32 | 60 |
2022 January | 51 | 44 | 95 |
2021 December | 46 | 30 | 76 |
2021 November | 41 | 42 | 83 |
2021 October | 59 | 75 | 134 |
2021 September | 36 | 41 | 77 |
2021 August | 45 | 42 | 87 |
2021 July | 37 | 35 | 72 |
2021 June | 45 | 67 | 112 |
2021 May | 38 | 45 | 83 |
2021 April | 95 | 78 | 173 |
2021 March | 46 | 36 | 82 |
2021 February | 21 | 24 | 45 |
2021 January | 56 | 35 | 91 |
2020 December | 34 | 39 | 73 |
2020 November | 36 | 21 | 57 |
2020 October | 28 | 16 | 44 |
2020 September | 15 | 14 | 29 |
2020 August | 29 | 37 | 66 |
2020 July | 36 | 37 | 73 |
2020 June | 52 | 13 | 65 |
2020 May | 29 | 23 | 52 |
2020 April | 42 | 14 | 56 |
2020 March | 58 | 21 | 79 |
2020 February | 35 | 10 | 45 |
2020 January | 16 | 11 | 27 |
2019 December | 58 | 20 | 78 |
2019 November | 27 | 12 | 39 |
2019 October | 734 | 14 | 748 |
2019 September | 16 | 6 | 22 |
2019 August | 62 | 20 | 82 |
2019 July | 38 | 20 | 58 |
2019 June | 36 | 23 | 59 |
2019 May | 44 | 13 | 57 |
2019 April | 31 | 29 | 60 |
2019 March | 26 | 16 | 42 |
2019 February | 29 | 22 | 51 |
2019 January | 30 | 24 | 54 |
2018 December | 24 | 21 | 45 |
2018 November | 104 | 22 | 126 |
2018 October | 166 | 23 | 189 |
2018 September | 76 | 14 | 90 |
2018 August | 3 | 0 | 3 |
2018 July | 4 | 0 | 4 |
2018 June | 4 | 0 | 4 |
2018 May | 8 | 0 | 8 |
2018 April | 23 | 0 | 23 |
2018 March | 15 | 0 | 15 |
2018 February | 17 | 0 | 17 |
2018 January | 32 | 0 | 32 |
2017 December | 32 | 0 | 32 |
2017 November | 17 | 0 | 17 |
2017 October | 19 | 0 | 19 |
2017 September | 26 | 0 | 26 |
2017 August | 18 | 0 | 18 |
2017 July | 7 | 7 | 14 |
2017 June | 11 | 26 | 37 |
2017 May | 0 | 37 | 37 |
2017 April | 0 | 101 | 101 |
2017 March | 0 | 10 | 10 |
2017 February | 0 | 7 | 7 |
2017 January | 0 | 8 | 8 |