Journal Information
Vol. 53. Issue 5.
Pages 482-487 (1 November 2000)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 53. Issue 5.
Pages 482-487 (1 November 2000)
Full text access
Diagnóstico bioquímico del síndrome de Smith-Lemli-Opitz en un paciente con hiperplasia adrenal congénita
Biochemical diagnosis of smith-lemli-opitz syndrome in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Visits
15327
E. García-Fuentesa, M.ªI. Vicioso Recioa,*, E. del Castillo Acedo del Olmoa, M.ªD. Matas Juradob, M. Arana Agüerac, J. López Lópezc
a. Servicios de Laboratorio. Hospital Materno-Infantil
b. Hospital Regional Carlos Haya
c. Departamento de Pediatría. Hospital Materno-Infantil. Málaga
This item has received
Article information
Objetivo

El síndrome de Smith-Lemli-Opitz es una alteración de herencia autosómica recesiva causada por un fallo de la enzima 7-deshidrocolesterol D7-reductasa, produciendo unos bajos valores séricos de colesterol y la acumulación de su precursor, el 7-deshidrocolesterol. Se presenta el caso de un niño de 3 meses de edad con hiperplasia adrenal congénita y con el diagnóstico clínico previo de dicho síndrome. Se pretende confirmar bioquímicamente el diagnóstico clínico del síndrome de Smith-Lemli-Opitz.

Métodos

Se determinó el 7-deshidrocolesterol en suero por espectroscopia ultravioleta (determinación cualitativa) mediante un método rápido y sencillo, recientemente propuesto, y por cromatografía gaseosa (determinación cuantitativa).

Resultados

La determinación por espectroscopia ultravioleta revela la presencia en suero del 7-deshidrocolesterol, confirmada posteriormente por cromatografía gaseosa. Así mismo, el paciente presentaba unas concentraciones muy disminuidas de colesterol total.

Conclusiones

Se expone el caso de un paciente con síndrome de Smith-Lemli-Opitz e hiperplasia adrenal congénita, asociación descrita en muy pocos casos. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el diagnóstico clínico del síndrome de Smith-Lemli-Opitz puede confirmarse bioquímicamente por la medida cualitativa del 7-deshidrocolesterol mediante espectroscopia ultravioleta.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome de Smith-Lemli-Opitz
Colesterol
7-Deshidrocolesterol
Espectroscopia ultravioleta
Hiperplasia adrenal congénita
Background

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by 7-dehydrocholesterol D7-reductase deficiency that leads to serum cholesterol deficiency and accumulation of the cholesterol precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol. We report a three-month-old boy with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and clinical diagnosis of this syndrome. This study was undertaken to confirm biochemically the clinical diagnosis of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.

Methods

Serum 7-dehydrocholesterol was determined in serum by ultraviolet spectroscopy (qualitatively) using a recently described simple and rapid method, and by gas chromatography (quantitatively).

Results

The ultraviolet spectroscopy assay detected serum 7-dehydrocholesterol. This result was confirmed by gas chromatography. Furthermore, the patient showed very low total cholesterol.

Conclusions

The association between Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome and congenital adrenal hyperplasia has been reported in only a few cases. Our results suggest that clinical diagnosis of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome can be biochemically confirmed by qualitative measurement of 7-dehydrocholesterol using ultraviolet spectroscopy.

Key words:
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome
Cholesterol
7-dehydrocholesterol
Ultraviolet spectroscopy
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
D.W. Smith, L. Lemli, J.M. Opitz.
A newly organized syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies.
J Pediatr, 64 (1964), pp. 210-217
[2.]
M. Irons, E.R. Elias, G. Salen, G.S. Tint, A.K. Batta.
Defective cholesterol biosynthesis in the Smit-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
Lancet, 341 (1993), pp. 1414
[3.]
M. Irons, E.R. Elias, G.S. Tint, G. Salen, R. Frieden, T.M. Buie, et al.
Abnormal cholesterol metabolism in the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome: report of clinical and biochemical findings in four patients and treatment in one patient.
Am J Med Genet, 50 (1994), pp. 347-352
[4.]
B.U. Fitzky, H. Glossmann, G. Utermann, F.F. Moebius.
Molecular genetics of the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome and postsqualene sterol metabolism (review).
Curr Opin Lipidol, 10 (1999), pp. 123-131
[5.]
T.L. Alley, B.A. Gray, S.H. Lee, S.W. Scherer, L.C. Tsui, G.S. Tint, et al.
Identification of a yeast artificial chromosome clone spanning a translocation breakpoint at 7q32.1 in a Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome patient.
Am J Med Genet, 56 (1995), pp. 1411-1416
[6.]
T.L. Alley, S.W. Scherer, J.J. Huizenga, M.R. Wallance.
Physical mapping of the chromosome 7 breakpoint region in an SLOS patient with t(7;20) (q32.1;q13.2).
Am J Med Genet, 68 (1997), pp. 279-281
[7.]
B.U. Fitzky, M. Witsch-Baumgartner, M. Erdel, J.N. Lee, Y.K. Paik, H. Glossmann, et al.
Mutations in the (delta(7-sterol reductase gene in patients with the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95 (1998), pp. 8181-8186
[8.]
C.A. Wassif, C. Maslen, S. Kachilele-Linjewile, D. Lin, L.M. Linck, W.E. Connor, et al.
Mutation in the human sterol [delta]7-reductase gene at 11q12-13 cause Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
Am J Hum Genet, 63 (1998), pp. 55-62
[9.]
H.R. Waterham, F.A. Wijburg, R.C. Hennekam, P. Vreken, B.T. Poll-The, L. Dorland, et al.
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome is caused by mutation in the 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene.
Am J Hum Genet, 63 (1998), pp. 329-338
[10.]
G.S. Tint, G. Salen, A.K. Batta, S. Shefer, M. Irons, E.R. Elias, et al.
Severity and outcome correlate with plasma sterol levels in type I and type II variants of the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
J Pediatr, 127 (1995), pp. 82-87
[11.]
G.S. Tint, D. Abuelo, M. Till, M.P. Cordier, A.K. Batta, S. Shefer, et al.
Fetal Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome can be detected accurately and reliably by measuring amniotic fluid dehydrocholesterol.
Prenatal Diagnosis, 18 (1998), pp. 651-658
[12.]
L.E. Kratz, R.I. Kelley.
Prenatal diagnosis of the RSH/Smith-Lemli- Opitz syndrome.
Am J Med Genet, 82 (1999), pp. 376-381
[13.]
B. Angle, G.S. Tint, O.A. Yacoub, A.L. Clark.
Atypical case of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome: implications for diagnosis.
Am J Med Genet, 80 (1998), pp. 322-326
[14.]
G. Salen, S. Shefer, A.K. Batta, G.S. Tint, G. Xu, A. Honda, et al.
Abnormal cholesterol biosynthesis in the Smith-Lemli-Opitz (review).
J Lipid Res, 37 (1996), pp. 1169-1180
[15.]
J.M. Opitz, F. de la Cruz.
Cholesterol metabolism in the RSH/Smith- Lemli-Opitz syndrome: summary of an NICHD conference.
Am J Med Genet, 50 (1994), pp. 326-338
[16.]
J.M. Opitz, V.B. Penchaszadeh, M.C. Holt, L.M. Spano, V.L. Smith.
Smith-Lemli-Opitz (RSH) syndrome bibliography: 1964-1993.
Am J Med Genet, 50 (1994), pp. 339-343
[17.]
M. De la Torre Verdu, M. Vázquez López, L. Carrasco Marina, M.L. Giros, S. Quijano Roy, A. Arregui Sierra.
Síndrome de Smith-Lemli-Opitz. Anomalía en la síntesis de colesterol.
An Esp Pediatr, 46 (1997), pp. 617-620
[18.]
A. Honda, A.K. Batta, G. Salen, G.S. Tint, T.S. Chen, S. Shefer.
Screning for abnormal cholesterol biosynthesis in the Smith-Lemli- Opitz syndrome: rapid determination of plasma 7-dehydrocholesterol by ultraviolet spectrometry.
Am J Med Genet, 68 (1997), pp. 288-293
[19.]
F. Greenberg, M.V. Gresik, R.J. Carpenter, S.W. Law, L.P. Hoffman, D.H. Ledbetter.
The Gardner-Silengo-Wachtel or genito-palatocardiac syndrome: male pseudohermaphroditism with micrognathia, cleft palate and conotruncal cardiac defect.
Am J Med Genet, 26 (1987), pp. 59-64
[20.]
M. Axelson.
Occurrence of isomeric dehydrocholesterol in human plasma.
J Lipid Res, 32 (1991), pp. 1441-1448
[21.]
A.K. Batta, G.S. Tint, S. Shefer, D. Abuelo, G. Salen.
Identification of 8-dehydrocholesterol (cholesta-5,8-dien-3b-ol) in patients with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
J Lipid Res, 36 (1995), pp. 705-713
[22.]
A.K. Batta, G. Salen, G.S. Tint, S. Shefer.
Identification of 19-nor- 5,7,9-(10)-cholestantrien-3b-ol in patients with Smith-Lemli- Opitz syndrome.
J Lipid Res, 36 (1995), pp. 2413-2414
[23.]
C. Cunniff, L.E. Kratz, A. Moser, M.R. Natowicz, R.I. Kelley.
Clinical and biochemical spectrum of patients with RSH/Smith-Lemli- Opitz syndrome and abnormal cholesterol metabolism.
Am J Med Genet, 68 (1997), pp. 263-269
[24.]
G.S. Tint, M. Irons, E.R. Elias, A.K. Batta, R. Frieder, T.S. Chen, et al.
Defective cholesterol biosynthesis associated with the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
N Engl J Med, 330 (1994), pp. 107-113
[25.]
P. Jira, J. De Jong, F. Janssen-Zijlstra, U. Wendel, R. Wevers.
Pitfalls in measuring plasma cholesterol in the Smih-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
Clin Chem, 43 (1997), pp. 129-133
[26.]
V. Guzzetta, E. De Fabiani, G. Galli, C. Colombo, G. Corso, M. Lecora, et al.
Clinical and biochemical screening for Smith-Lemli- Opitz syndrome.
Acta Paediatr, 85 (1996), pp. 937-942
[27.]
M. Honda, G.S. Tint, S. Shefer, A. Honda, A.K. Batta, G. Xu, et al.
Accurate detection of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome carriers by measurement of the rate of reduction of the ergosterol C-7 double bond in cultured skin fibroblasts.
J Inh Metab Dis, 21 (1998), pp. 761-768
[28.]
H.S. Bose, T. Sugawara, J.F. Strauss, W.L. Miller.
The pathophysiology and genetics of congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia.
Acta Paediatr, 335 (1996), pp. 1870-1878
[29.]
A.J. Anderson, M.J. Stephan, W.O. Walker, R.I. Kelley.
Variant RSH/Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome with atypical sterol metabolism.
Am J Med Genet, 78 (1998), pp. 413-418
[30.]
H.C. Anderson, J. Frentz, J.E. Martinez, C.M. Tuck-Muller, J. Bellizaire.
Adrenal insufficiency in Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
Am J Med Genet, 82 (1999), pp. 382-384
[31.]
M.B. Irons, T.L. Stewart, A.B. Sadeghi-Nejad.
Cholesterol supplementation enhances growth of phallus in Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
Pediatr Res, 43 (1998), pp. 78
Copyright © 2000. Asociación Española de Pediatría
Download PDF
Idiomas
Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
Article options
Tools