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Vol. 56. Issue 6.
Pages 567-570 (1 June 2002)
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Vol. 56. Issue 6.
Pages 567-570 (1 June 2002)
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Diabetes mellitus neonatal transitoria asociada a isodisomía uniparental del cromosoma 6
Transient neonatal diabetes associated with uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6
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M. Bonet Alcainaa, O. García-Algarb,
Corresponding author
90458@imas.imim.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital del Mar. P° Marítimo, 25-29. 08003 Barcelona.
, S. Herrero Pérezb, L.A. Pérez Juradoc, R. Mombiela Vidalb
a Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital del Mar. Universidad Pompeu Fabra. Barcelona.
b Sección de Neonatología. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital del Mar. Universidad Pompeu Fabra. Barcelona.
c Unidad de Genética. Departamento de Ciencias Experimentales y de la Salud. Universidad Pompeu Fabra. Barcelona.
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Recién nacida de 37,4 semanas de gestación, fruto de una primera gestación de madre sana. Antecedentes familiares de diabetes en la familia paterna. Peso al nacimiento de 1.955 g y talla de 43 cm. En la exploración física destacaba edema palpebral bilateral, macroglosia, hernia umbilical y distensión abdominal. A las 29 h de vida presentó hiperglucemia sin acidosis ni cetosis, por lo que se inició tratamiento con insulina que se mantuvo de forma discontinua hasta los 38 días de vida. El segundo día de vida se detectó anemia que requirió ferroterapia y transfusión sanguínea al mes de vida. Cariotipo 46,XX. El estudio de genética molecular reveló isodisomía uniparental paterna del cromosoma 6.

La isodisomía uniparental del cromosoma 6 se ha descrito como mecanismo patogénico de la diabetes mellitus neonatal transitoria, lo que apoya la existencia en dicho cromosoma de un gen responsable sometido a impronta y de expresión exclusivamente paterna. En la isodisomía paterna (al igual que en las duplicaciones regionales) se produce una sobrexpresión por la existencia de dos copias funcionales de dicho gen, siendo ésta la responsable de la diabetes mellitus neonatal transitoria. Se ha descrito su asociación con macroglosia, hernia umbilical y anemia.

Palabras clave:
Diabetes neonatal
Isodisomía uniparental
Macroglosia
Recién nacido

A female neonate was born after a 37.4-week pregnancy to a healthy primipara. There was a family history of diabetes on the father's side. The neonate's birth weight was 1,955 g and she was 43 cm long. Physical examination showed bilateral palpebral edema, macroglossia, umbilical hernia and abdominal distension. At 29 hours of life she presented hyperglycemia without acidosis or ketosis. Insulin treatment was started and maintained intermittently until 38 days of life. The patient presented anemia from the second day of life, which required iron therapy and blood transfusion one month after birth. The karyotype was 46, XX with paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6.

Paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6 has been described as the pathogenic mechanism of transient neonatal diabetes, which provides evidence for an imprinted gene exclusively of paternal expression. In paternal isodisomy (as in regional duplications) there is overexpression due to the existence of two functional copies of the gene, which is responsible for transient neonatal diabetes mellitus. Transient neonatal diabetes associated with macroglossia, umbilical hernia and anemia has been described in only a few cases.

Key words:
Neonatal diabetes
Uniparental isodisomy
Macroglossia
Newborn
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Copyright © 2002. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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