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Vol. 57. Issue 4.
Pages 369-372 (1 October 2002)
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Vol. 57. Issue 4.
Pages 369-372 (1 October 2002)
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Carcinoma de células renales
Renal cell carcinoma in children
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M.aE. Cela de Julián*, A. Casanova Morcillo, J. Vázquez Estévez, P. Galarón García, E. Niembro de Rasche, M.aA. Cantalejo López
Sección de Oncohematología Pediátrica. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Madrid. España.
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El carcinoma renal es poco frecuente en niños, por loque es importante comunicar el diagnóstico y seguimientode estos casos. Su comportamiento en adultos es más conocido, y se sabe que el tratamiento de elección es la extirpaciónquirúrgica. Sin embargo, el tratamiento de los tumoresmetastásicos con quimioterapia y/o radioterapia noestá bien definido. Nuestro objetivo es aportar la experienciade un centro en el diagnóstico y tratamiento delcarcinoma renal pediátrico, así como revisar la bibliografíaal respecto. Se revisan de forma retrospectiva los pacientesdiagnosticados de carcinoma renal en los últimos 20 años. La muestra está formada por 3 niños, y se describenlas características clínicas de los pacientes y su tratamiento.Se insiste en que aunque el carcinoma renal esuna entidad rara en niños, es importante sospecharlo enpacientes mayores de 5 años con masas renales, ya que laaproximación diagnóstica y terapéutica difiere del tumorde Wilms. La estadificación y la resección completa parecenser los factores pronósticos fundamentales. Es necesariala colaboración de varios centros para la estandarizacióndel tratamiento de los tumores en estadios avanzados,valorando el papel del trasplante alogénico de progenitoreshematopoyéticos en tumores metastásicos.

Palabras clave:
Carcinoma renal
Adenocarcinoma renal
Hipernefroma
Niños
Oncología pediátrica

Renal cell carcinoma is infrequent in children; consequentlyit is important to communicate its diagnosis andfollow up. The behavior of this type of tumor is bettercharacterized in adults and in this setting the treatment ofchoice is surgical resection. However, chemo- and radiotherapyfor metastatic tumors has not been well defined.Our objective was to report the experience of a single pediatricinstitution in the diagnosis and treatment of renalcell carcinoma and to review the literature on this subject.We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed withrenal cell carcinoma in the last twenty years. Only threepatients were found, and we describe their clinical featuresand therapeutic approach. Although renal cell carcinomais rare in children, clinical suspicion of this diseasein children older than 5 years with renal masses is veryimportant since the diagnostic and therapeutic approachdiffers from that for Wilms' tumor. The main prognosticfactors seem to be staging and complete resection. Multicentercollaboration is required to standardize the treatmentof tumors in advanced stages and to define the roleof allogeneic stem cell transplantation in metastatic tumors.

Key words:
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal adenocarcinoma
Hypernephroma
Children
Pediatric oncology
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Copyright © 2002. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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