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Vol. 53. Issue 4.
Pages 346-349 (1 October 2000)
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Vol. 53. Issue 4.
Pages 346-349 (1 October 2000)
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Acardius acephalus. Descripción de un caso
Acardius acephalus. a case report
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J. Torres Borregoa,
Corresponding author
jtorbo@terra.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J. Torres Borrego. Avda. Mirasierra, 7, 3.o-4.a. 14005 Córdoba.
, J. Guzmán Cabañasa, J.E. Arjona Berrala, A. Acosta Colladob, A. Romanos Lezcanob
a Departamento de Pediatría. Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia.
b Servicio de Anatomía Patológica. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía. Córdoba.
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Comunicamos un caso de embarazo gemelar (monocorial biamniótico) con malformación de uno de los fetos del tipo acardius acephalus. El otro gemelo presentó complicaciones de tipo infeccioso, hematológico y neu-rológico asociadas.

Este cuadro forma parte del amplio espectro clínico del síndrome de transfusión feto-fetal (STFF), exclusivo de em-barazos monozigotos en los que los sistemas vasculares fetales están conectados, dependiendo la gravedad del tipo de anastomosis y del momento de producción de éstas.

El corazón del gemelo "donante" bombea su volemia y la del arcadio, sufriendo sobrecarga y posible insuficiencia cardíaca. El gemelo receptor puede presentar alteraciones graves e incluso letales, como la ausencia de corazón y/o cabeza. En algunos casos puede existir una anomalía previa de uno de los gemelos (arteria umbilical única, alteración cromosómica). El diagnóstico precoz es esencial para plantear la actitud terapéutica, que irá dirigida al gemelo normal.

Palabras clave:
Embarazo gemelar
Acardio
Síndrome de transfusión feto-fetal (STFF)
Perfusión arterial retrógrada entre gemelos
Leucomalacia periventricular
Key words:
Multiple gestation
Acardiac
Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)
Twin reversed-arterial perfusion sequence (TRAP)
Periventricular leukomalacia

We report a case of twin gestation (monochorionic-diamniotic) in which one of the twins was acardiac and acephalic. His co-twin suffered infectious, hematological and neurological complications.

This condition belongs to the broad spectrum of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) and is observed in monozygous pregnancies in which the vascular systems of the fetuses are connected. The severity of this syndrome depends on the type of anastomoses and the timing of their establishment.

Circulation is accomplished by the heart of the more perfect twin ("pump twin") who is at risk for heart failure. The recipient twin may display severe and sometimes lethal anomalies, such as acardia or acephalus. In some cases a prior situation such as a single umbilical artery or chromosomal anomaly in the acardiac twin may be found. Early diagnosis is essential to formulate a plan of management focused on the normal twin.

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