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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La malaria es la enfermedad parasitaria m&#225;s importante del mundo y anualmente origina 300 millones de casos cl&#237;nicos y 1&#44;5-2&#44;7 millones de muertes&#46; Ha sido erradicada de los pa&#237;ses templados&#44; pero cada a&#241;o aumenta el n&#250;mero de viajeros que visitan zonas tropicales donde la malaria contin&#250;a siendo la mayor causa de morbimortalidad&#46; Los ni&#241;os presentan un riesgo mayor frente a la malaria&#44; ya que los s&#237;ntomas pueden ser muy graves y evolucionar muy r&#225;pidamente&#46; Adem&#225;s la cl&#237;nica difiere de la del adulto&#44; y como los ni&#241;os presentan enfermedades febriles con m&#225;s frecuencia puede que en un primer momento no se sospeche la malaria&#46; En el Hospital Infantil Sant Joan de D&#233;u de Barcelona&#44; desde agosto de 1993 hasta agosto de 1998&#44; se diagnosticaron 11 casos de malaria en ni&#241;os entre 15 meses y 13 a&#241;os de edad&#44; de los cuales 7 eran debidos a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Plasmodium falciparum</span> y 4 a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Plasmodium vivax</span>&#59; en un caso asociado a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P&#46; falciparum</span> se encontraron algunas formas de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P&#46; malariae</span>&#46; Todos ellos presentaron al ingreso fiebre y anemia&#44; y 9 ten&#237;an adem&#225;s esplenomegalia&#59; en todos los casos la evoluci&#243;n cl&#237;nica tras el tratamiento fue buena&#46; Actualmente hay en el hospital una unidad espec&#237;fica para asistir la patolog&#237;a del ni&#241;o inmigrante y donde se proporcionan recomendaciones al ni&#241;o que viaja al tr&#243;pico&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se revisa la cl&#237;nica de presentaci&#243;n&#44; el tratamiento y la quimioprofilaxis de la enfermedad en el ni&#241;o&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 52. Núm. 4.
Páginas 305-308 (abril 2000)
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Vol. 52. Núm. 4.
Páginas 305-308 (abril 2000)
Acceso a texto completo
Malaria importada en la infancia (1993–1998)
Imported malaria in children (1993–1998)
Visitas
6687
V. Fumadó*, J. Pou, R. Jiménez
Unitat Integrada de Pediatria Hospitales Clínic-Sant Joan de Deu. Hospital Universitario Sant Joan deDéu. Barcelona.
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La malaria es la enfermedad parasitaria más importante del mundo y anualmente origina 300 millones de casos clínicos y 1,5-2,7 millones de muertes. Ha sido erradicada de los países templados, pero cada año aumenta el número de viajeros que visitan zonas tropicales donde la malaria continúa siendo la mayor causa de morbimortalidad. Los niños presentan un riesgo mayor frente a la malaria, ya que los síntomas pueden ser muy graves y evolucionar muy rápidamente. Además la clínica difiere de la del adulto, y como los niños presentan enfermedades febriles con más frecuencia puede que en un primer momento no se sospeche la malaria. En el Hospital Infantil Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona, desde agosto de 1993 hasta agosto de 1998, se diagnosticaron 11 casos de malaria en niños entre 15 meses y 13 años de edad, de los cuales 7 eran debidos a Plasmodium falciparum y 4 a Plasmodium vivax; en un caso asociado a P. falciparum se encontraron algunas formas de P. malariae. Todos ellos presentaron al ingreso fiebre y anemia, y 9 tenían además esplenomegalia; en todos los casos la evolución clínica tras el tratamiento fue buena. Actualmente hay en el hospital una unidad específica para asistir la patología del niño inmigrante y donde se proporcionan recomendaciones al niño que viaja al trópico.

Se revisa la clínica de presentación, el tratamiento y la quimioprofilaxis de la enfermedad en el niño.

Palabras clave:
Malaria en la infancia
Malaria importada

Malaria is the world’s most important parasitic infection, accounting for an estimated 300 million cases and 1.5 to 3 million deaths annually. Although it has been eradicated from temperate countries, increasing numbers of travellers visit each year tropical countries, where malaria remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Children are particularly at risk from malaria since symptoms can be especially severe and can develop rapidly. Symptoms may differ from those in adults and, as children often have febrile illnesses, malaria could not be suspected. Eleven cases of imported malaria in children which ages was between 15 month until 13 years, were seen in the Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona (Spain) since August 1993 until August 1998. The aetiology was in 7 cases Plasmodium falciparum and in 4 cases Plasmodium vivax, in one case we found also with the P. falciparum some forms of P. malariae. All of them experience fever and anaemia at admission and nine had splenomegaly; the evolution after the treatment was fine. Cases of imported malaria in children are increasing and it is timely to review the prevention and the management.

Key words:
Children’s malaria
Imported malaria
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
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Copyright © 2000. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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