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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Antecedentes</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El patr&#243;n epidemiol&#243;gico de la tuberculosis en Galicia est&#225; m&#225;s cerca de los pa&#237;ses en v&#237;as de desarrollo que de pa&#237;ses europeos&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Conocer la incidencia y evoluci&#243;n de la enfermedad tuberculosa en la edad pedi&#225;trica&#44; analizar las formas de presentaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica y cuantificar diagn&#243;sticos de certeza de tuberculosis pulmonar&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo sobre la poblaci&#243;n de cero a 14 a&#241;os dependiente de la UTB de Vigo&#44; del 1 de enero de 1995 al 31 de diciembre de 1999&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se incluyeron 146 casos&#44; 144 iniciales &#40;98&#44;63 &#37;&#41;&#44; uno recidiva &#40;0&#44;68 &#37;&#41;&#44; un abandono&#47;recuperado &#40;0&#44;68 &#37;&#41; y ninguno cr&#243;nico&#47;fracaso&#46; La tasa de incidencia de enfermedad tuberculosa no experiment&#243; variaciones significativas&#44; movi&#233;ndose del 46&#44;08 3 105 en 1995 al 24&#44;81 3 105 en 1998&#46; La incidencia por edades es m&#225;s alta en los ni&#241;os de menor edad&#44; en el grupo de 0-4 a&#241;os llega al 111&#44;38 3 105 en 1995&#46; Por sexo&#44; 78 son varones &#40;54&#44;42 &#37;&#41; y 68 mujeres &#40;46&#44;57 &#37;&#41;&#46; Por zona geogr&#225;fica&#44; el 51&#44;36 &#37; son de la zona urbana y el 48&#44;68 &#37; de la rural&#46; La localizaci&#243;n m&#225;s frecuente es la pulmonar con 132 casos &#40;83&#44;54 &#37;&#41;&#46; El diagn&#243;stico de certeza de tuberculosis pulmonar fue positivo en el 59 &#37; de los casos&#44; alcanzando en el grupo de 0-2 a&#241;os el 90&#44;3&#37;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La incidencia de la enfermedad tuberculosa en la edad pedi&#225;trica es alta sobre todo en el grupo de 0-4 a&#241;os&#46; Existe un alto porcentaje de diagn&#243;sticos de certeza en la tuberculosis pulmonar&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 57. Núm. 6.
Páginas 524-528 (diciembre 2002)
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Vol. 57. Núm. 6.
Páginas 524-528 (diciembre 2002)
Acceso a texto completo
Incidencia de la enfermedad tuberculosa en el área sur de la provincia de Pontevedra
Incidence of childhood tuberculosis in southern pontevedra (spain)
Visitas
6511
M.aH. Vázquez Nievesa,
Autor para correspondencia
EFC00002@teleline.es

Correspondencia: Grove, 2, portal 2, 2.° E. 36209 Vigo. España
, F. Sanisidro Vilasóa, E. Fluiters Casadoa, R. Vázquez Gallardob
a Atención Primaria Área Sur de Pontevedra. Centro de Salud de Bembrive
b UTB de Vigo Beiramar. Vigo. España
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Antecedentes

El patrón epidemiológico de la tuberculosis en Galicia está más cerca de los países en vías de desarrollo que de países europeos.

Objetivos

Conocer la incidencia y evolución de la enfermedad tuberculosa en la edad pediátrica, analizar las formas de presentación clínica y cuantificar diagnósticos de certeza de tuberculosis pulmonar.

Métodos

Estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo sobre la población de cero a 14 años dependiente de la UTB de Vigo, del 1 de enero de 1995 al 31 de diciembre de 1999.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 146 casos, 144 iniciales (98,63 %), uno recidiva (0,68 %), un abandono/recuperado (0,68 %) y ninguno crónico/fracaso. La tasa de incidencia de enfermedad tuberculosa no experimentó variaciones significativas, moviéndose del 46,08 3 105 en 1995 al 24,81 3 105 en 1998. La incidencia por edades es más alta en los niños de menor edad, en el grupo de 0-4 años llega al 111,38 3 105 en 1995. Por sexo, 78 son varones (54,42 %) y 68 mujeres (46,57 %). Por zona geográfica, el 51,36 % son de la zona urbana y el 48,68 % de la rural. La localización más frecuente es la pulmonar con 132 casos (83,54 %). El diagnóstico de certeza de tuberculosis pulmonar fue positivo en el 59 % de los casos, alcanzando en el grupo de 0-2 años el 90,3%.

Conclusiones

La incidencia de la enfermedad tuberculosa en la edad pediátrica es alta sobre todo en el grupo de 0-4 años. Existe un alto porcentaje de diagnósticos de certeza en la tuberculosis pulmonar.

Palabras clave:
Tuberculosis infantil
Incidencia
Tendencia
Background

Epidemiological pattern of tuberculosis in Galicia is closer to that in developing countries than to that in Europe.

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence and development of childhood tuberculosis, to analyze its clinical presentation and to quantify accurate diagnoses of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methods

Observational descriptive retrospective study in children aged 0-14 years old admitted to the Tuberculosis Unit of Vigo from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 1999.

Results

A total of 146 patients were included; 144 initial cases (98.63 %), one relapse (0.68 %), one withdrawal/recovery (0.68 %) and none with chronic disease or treatment failure. The incidence rate of tuberculosis showed no significant variations, changing from 46.08 3 105 in 1995 to 24.81 3 105 in 1998. The incidence rate was higher in younger children and was 111.38 3 105 in 1995 in children aged 0-4 years old. There were 78 boys (54.42 %) and 68 girls (46.75 %). A total of 51.36 % of the patients were from urban areas and 48.68 % were from rural areas. The most common location was the lung, with 132 cases (83.54 %). The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was accurate in 59 % of the patients and this percentage rose to 90.3 % in the group of patients aged 0-2 years old.

Conclusions

Incidence of childhood tuberculous disease is high, especially in children aged 0-4 years old. A high percentage of diagnoses of pulmonary tuberculosis were accurate.

Key words:
Childhood tuberculosis
Incidence
Trend
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