Información de la revista
Vol. 59. Núm. 2.
Páginas 131-137 (agosto 2003)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 59. Núm. 2.
Páginas 131-137 (agosto 2003)
Acceso a texto completo
Evaluación de dos métodos rápidos para la determinación de microalbuminuria y de la relación albúmina/creatinina en orina
Evaluation of two rapid tests for the determination of microalbuminuria and the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio
Visitas
24863
V. Ostaa,
Autor para correspondencia
viosta@ciudad.com.ar

Correspondencia: Dra. V. Osta. Zapata, 31. Piso 2.° Dpto. A (1426). Capital Federal. Buenos Aires. Argentina.
, V. Natolia, S. Diéguezb
a Laboratorio Central. Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez. Buenos Aires. Argentina
b Servicio de Nefrología. Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez. Buenos Aires. Argentina
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Objetivo

La detección de microalbuminuria está justificada desde el punto de vista coste-beneficio en aquellos pacientes que presentan riesgo de desarrollar una lesión renal, en una etapa en la cual el proceso es aún reversible. En este estudio se evalúan los analizadores DCA 2000 y Clinitek 50 (Bayer Ò) que determinan simultáneamente albúmina y creatinina en orina para adoptarlos como métodos rápidos para la detección de microalbuminuria.

Métodos

Se analizaron 127 muestras de orina de pacientes pediátricos con diferentes enfermedades. Se determinaron la albúmina, la creatinina y la relación albúmina/creatinina en el analizador DCA 2000 y con las tiras Clinitek-microalbuminuria leídas en el analizador Clinitek 50, y se los comparó con los métodos utilizados habitualmente en el laboratorio.

Resultados

El coeficiente de correlación entre albúmina por nefelometría frente a DCA 2000 fue de 0,914, para creatinina por el método de Jaffe frente DCA 2000 de 0,970 y para la relación albúmina/creatinina calculada frente a DCA 2000 de 0,839. Considerando una concentración de albúmina de 30 mg/l como valor de corte para considerar una muestra como patológica, la sensibilidad, especificidad, los valores predictivos positivo y negativo para la detección de microalbuminuria en el DCA 2000 fueron de 100, 93, 84 y 100 %; y para el Clinitek 50 de 91,7, 86, 55 y 98 %, respectivamente. El análisis de las curvas ROC mostró una mayor utilidad diagnóstica del DCA 2000 para la detección de microalbuminuria.

Conclusiones

El analizador DCA 2000 muestra una buena correlación para albúmina y creatinina cuando se los compara con los métodos considerados de referencia, siendo la obtención inmediata de los resultados una ventaja importante. Las tiras Clinitek-microalbuminuria representan un método semicuantitativo, sencillo y de bajo coste para ser utilizado como prueba tamiz para la detección de microalbuminuria, no siendo útil para el seguimiento.

Palabras clave:
Microalbuminuria
Nefropatía incipiente
Relación albúmina/ cratinina
Prueba tamiz
Objective

Microalbuminuria screening is justified on the grounds of its cost-benefit ratio in patients at risk of kidney damage while the process is still reversible. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the DCA 2000 analyser and the Clinitek 50 system (Bayer), which simultaneously measure urinary albumin and creatinine levels to adopt them as rapid methods for microalbuminuria detection.

Methods

One hundred twenty-seven urine samples from pediatric patients with various disorders were assessed. Albumin, creatinine, and the albumin/creatinine ratio were determined using the DCA 2000 analyzer and the Clinitek 50 system, which were compared against the usual reference laboratory methods.

Results

The correlation coefficient of nephelometric values vs the DCA 2000 analyzer was 0.914 for albumin, 0.970 for creatinine and 0.839 for the albumin/creatinine ratio. At an albumin cut-off concentration of 30 mg/l, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 100 %, 93 %, 84 % and 100 % for the DCA 2000 analyzer and 91.7 %, 86 %, 55 % and 98 % for the Clinitek 50 system. ROC curve analysis showed that the DCA 2000 system was more effective than the Clinitek 50 in microalbuminuria screening.

Conclusions

The data obtained with the DCA 2000 system showed close agreement with those obtained with reference laboratory methods. The immediate availability of results is a great advantage in clinical practice. The Clinitek-Microalbumin dipstick system is a semiquantitative method that is easy to use, low in cost, simple and useful for screening, but it is less reliable as a follow-up method.

Key words:
Microalbuminuria
Incipient nephropathy
Albumin/creatinine ratio
Screening
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
G. Ramuzzi, P. Ruggenenti, A. Benigni.
Understanding the nature of renal disease progression.
Kidney Int, 51 (1997), pp. 2-15
[2.]
G. Remuzzi.
Abnormal protein traffic through the glomerular barrier induces proximal tubular cell dysfunction and causes renal injury.
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens, 4 (1995), pp. 339-342
[3.]
G.C. Viberti, R.J. Jarret, U. Mahmud, R.D. Hill, A. Argyropoulos, H. Keen.
Microalbuminuria as a predictor of clinical nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Lancet, 1 (1982), pp. 1430-1432
[4.]
D.J.F. Rowe, A. Dawnay, G.F. Watts.
Microalbuminuria in diabetes mellitus: Review and recommendations for the measurement of albumin in urine.
Ann Clin Biochem, 27 (1990), pp. 297-312
[5.]
M. Parsons, D.J. Newman, M. Pugia, R.G. Newall, C.P. Price.
Perfomance of a reagent strip device for quantitation of the urine albumin: Creatinine ratio in a point of care setting.
Clinical Nephrology, 51 (1999), pp. 220-227
[6.]
C.J. Schultz, T. Konopelska-Bahu, R.N. Dalton, T.A. Carroll, I. Stration, E. Gale, et al.
Microalbuminuria prevalence varies with age sex and puberty in children with type 1 diabetes from diagnosis in a longitudinal study.
Diabetes Care, 22 (1999), pp. 495-502
[7.]
C.E. Mogensen, W.F. Keane, P.H. Bennett, G. Jerums, H. Parving, P. Passa, et al.
Prevention of diabetic renal disease with special reference to microalbuminuria.
Lancet, 346 (1995), pp. 1080-1084
[8.]
N.M. Kaplan.
Microalbuminuria: A risk factor for vascular and renal complications of hypertension.
Am J Med, 92 (1992), pp. 8S
[9.]
A.V. White, W.E. Hoy, D.A. McCredie.
Childhood post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis as a risk factor for chronic renal disease in later life.
Med J Aust, 174 (2001), pp. 492-496
[10.]
S.W. Pinto, R. Sesso, E. Vasconcelos, Y.J. Watanabe, A.M. Pansute.
Follow-up of patients with epidemic poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.
Am J Kidney Dis, 38 (2001), pp. 249-255
[11.]
J.M. Halimi, A. Al-Najjar, M. Buchler, B. Giraudeau, I. Etienne, S. Picou, et al.
Microalbuminuria in hypertensive, non-proteinuric renal transplant recipients: Role of previous acute rejection episodes and sodium intake.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss, 94 (2001), pp. 933-936
[12.]
A.G. Shammas, J.F. Maayah.
Hypertension and its relation to renal function 10 years after pregnancy complicated by pre-eclampsia and pregnancy induced hypertension.
Saudi Med J, 21 (2000), pp. 190-192
[13.]
B. Grunfeld, E. Perelstein, R. Sinsolo, M. Giménez, J.C. Romero.
Renal functional reserve and microalbuminuria in offspring of hypertensive parents.
Hypertension, 15 (1990), pp. 257-261
[14.]
C.E. Mogensen.
Microalbuminuria predicts clinical proteinuria and early mortality in maturity-onset diabetes.
N Engl J Med, 310 (1984), pp. 356-360
[15.]
J.M. Macleod, J. Lutale, S.M. Marshall.
Albumin excretion and vascular eaths in NIDDM.
Diabetologia, 38 (1995), pp. 610-616
[16.]
C.E. Mogensen, E. Vestbo, P.L. Poulson, C. Chritiansen, E.M. Damsgaard, H. Eiskjaer, et al.
Microalbuminuria and potencial confounders: A review and some observations on variability of urinary albumin excretion.
Diabetes Care, 18 (1995), pp. 572-581
[17.]
G.F. Watts, J.E. Bennett, D.J. Rowe, R.W. Morris, W. Gatting, K.M. Shaw, et al.
Assessment of immunochemical methods for determining low concentrations of albumin in urine.
Clin Chem, 32 (1986), pp. 1544-1548
[18.]
C. Hasslacher.
Clinical significance of microalbuminuria and evaluation of the Micral-TestÒ.
Clin Biochem, 26 (1993), pp. 283-287
[19.]
C.F. Close, G.S. Scott, G.C. Viberti.
Rapid detection of urinary albumin at low concentration by an agglutination inhibition technique.
Diabetic Med, 4 (1987), pp. 491-492
[20.]
V. Collins, P. Zimmet, G.K. Dowse, C.F. Finch, A.W. Linnane.
Performance of “Micro-Bumintest™ tablets for detection of microalbuminuria in Nauruans.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 6 (1989), pp. 271-277
[21.]
R. Glenn Neuman, L.V. Bonomini, S.N. Braunstein.
Evaluation of new rapid office test for microalbuminuria and its comparison to fully quantitative radioimmunoassay.
Diabetes Care, 13 (1990), pp. 1069-1073
[22.]
C.E. Mogensen, G.C. Viberti, E. Peheim, D. Kutter, C. Hasslacher, W. Hofmann, et al.
Multicenter evaluation of the Micral-test II test strip, an immunologic rapid test for the detection of microalbuminuria.
Diabetes Care, 20 (1997), pp. 1642-1647
[23.]
M.J. Pugia, J.A. Lott, L.W. Clark, D.R. Parker, J.F. Wallace, T.W. Willis.
Comparison of urine dipsticks with quantitative methods for microalbuminuria.
Eur J Clin Chem Biochem, 35 (1997), pp. 693-699
[24.]
W. Hofman, B. Rossmuller, W.G. Guder, H.H. Edel.
A new strategy for characterising proteinuria and hematuria from a single pattern of defined proteins in urine.
Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem, 30 (1992), pp. 707-711
[25.]
C.J. Schultz, H.A.W. Neil, R.N. Dalton, D.B. Dunger.
Risk of nephropathy can be detected before the onset of microalbuminuria during theearly years after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.
Diabetes Care, 23 (2000), pp. 1811-1815
[26.]
J. Stribrna, M. Ruzicka, M. Englis, J. Peregrin, V. Lanska.
Albuminuria after acute oral administration of proteins in patients with renovascular hypertension.
Cas Lek Cesk, 132 (1993), pp. 50-52
[27.]
G.C. Viberti, C.E. Mogensen, H. Keen, F.K. Jacobsen, R.J. Jarrett, C.E. Christensen.
Urinary excretion of albumin in normal man: The effect of water loading.
Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 42 (1982), pp. 147-157
[28.]
P. Ruggenenti, F. Gaspari, A. Perna, G. Remuzzi.
Cross sectional longitudinal study of spot morning urine protein: Creatinine ratio, 24 hour urine protein excretion rate, glomerular filtration rate, and end stage renal failure in chronic renal disease in patients without diabetes.
BMJ, 316 (1998), pp. 504-509
[29.]
Position Statement.
Diabetic Nephropathy.
Diabetes Care, 20 (1997), pp. S24-S27
[30.]
D.J. Newman, M.J. Pugia, J.A. Lott, J.F. Wallace, A.M. Hiar.
Urinary protein and albumin excretion corrected by creatinine and specific gravity.
Clin Chim Acta, 294 (2000), pp. 139-155
[31.]
L.A. Hebert, W.A. Wilmer, M.E. Falkenhain, S.E. Ladson-Wofford, N.S. Nehman, B.H. Rovin.
Renoprotection: One or many therapies?.
[32.]
G. Maschio, D. Alberti, G. Janin, F.M. Locatelli, J.F. Mann, M. Motolese, et al.
Effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor benazepril on the progression of chronic renal-insufficiency: The Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition in Progressive Renal Insufficiency Study Group.
N Engl J Med, 334 (1996), pp. 939-945
Copyright © 2003. Asociación Española de Pediatría
Descargar PDF
Idiomas
Anales de Pediatría
Opciones de artículo
Herramientas
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?