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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Antecedentes</span><p id="spar1005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los ni&#241;os con infecci&#243;n respiratoria aguda constituyen un grupo permanente de estudio para evitar el tratamiento innecesario con antibi&#243;ticos&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Presentar los datos epidemiol&#243;gicos y estudiar el efecto que tienen los datos cl&#237;nicos&#44; anal&#237;ticos&#44; radiol&#243;gicos y microbiol&#243;gicos en la decisi&#243;n de tratar con antibi&#243;ticos a ni&#241;os hospitalizados por infecci&#243;n respiratoria aguda&#44; buscando criterios que justifiquen su uso</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se revisan las historias cl&#237;nicas de 147 ni&#241;os ingresados consecutivamente por catarro de v&#237;as altas&#44; bronquitis&#44; bronquiolitis y neumon&#237;a&#44; durante un a&#241;o &#40;mayo 1996-abril 1997&#41;&#46; Los pacientes se dividieron en 2 grupos&#58; pacientes no tratados con antibi&#243;ticos &#40;n &#61; 92&#41;&#44; y pacientes tratados &#40;n &#61; 55&#41; y se compararon estad&#237;sticamente los datos mediante un programa R-Sigma</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En el conjunto de la serie&#44; la edad media fue de 2&#44;5 a&#241;os con predominio de varones 85 &#40;58&#37;&#41;&#59; hab&#237;an consultado previamente en urgencias 105 pacientes &#40;72&#37;&#41; y estaban recibiendo antibi&#243;ticos 45 pacientes &#40;30&#37;&#41;&#46; Se diagnostic&#243; catarro de v&#237;as altas en 81 pacientes &#40;54&#37;&#41;&#44; bronquitis en 28 &#40;18&#37;&#41;&#44; bronquiolitis en 23 &#40;15&#37;&#41; y neumon&#237;a en 15 &#40;10&#37;&#41;&#46; Hubo 97 pacientes &#40;66&#37;&#41; con infecci&#243;n viral demostrada y 2 &#40;1&#37;&#41; bacteriana&#46; El virus respiratorio sincitial se aisl&#243; en 41 pacientes &#40;28&#37;&#41; y el adenovirus en 30 &#40;20&#37;&#41;&#46; Entre los pacientes no tratados resultaron estad&#237;sticamente significativos la mayor duraci&#243;n de los s&#237;ntomas antes del ingreso&#44; la linfocitosis&#44; el diagn&#243;stico de bronquiolitis y la radiograf&#237;a de t&#243;rax normal&#46; Entre los pacientes tratados fueron estad&#237;sticamente significativas fiebre&#44; leucocitosis&#44; neutrofilia y el diagn&#243;stico de neumon&#237;a&#44; siendo as&#237; mismo m&#225;s larga la estancia hospitalaria</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En nuestro medio&#44; es dif&#237;cil indicar un tratamiento antibi&#243;tico bas&#225;ndose en criterios bacteriol&#243;gicos&#59; los criterios cl&#237;nicos&#44; radiol&#243;gicos y anal&#237;ticos pueden ayudar en la toma de decisiones</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Background</span><p id="spar1025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Children with acute respiratory tract infection &#40;ARTI&#41; represent an important target group for efforts aimed at reducing unnecessary antibiotic use&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To present the epidemiological data and evaluate the effect of clinical&#44; laboratory&#44; radiological and microbiological data on the decision to prescribe antibiotics to pediatric patients with ARTI as well as to seek criteria that would justify antibiotic use</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A retrospective review was made of the clinical histories of 147 previously healthy children&#44; consecutively admitted to our hospital with ARTI for 1 year &#40;May 1996-April 1997&#41;&#46; Patients were divided in two groups&#58; those not treated with antibiotics &#40;n &#61; 92&#41; and those treated &#40;n &#61; 55&#41;&#46; Data from the two groups were compared with a statistical computer program &#40;R-Sigma&#41;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Of the 147 patients studied&#44; mean age was 2&#46;5 years &#40;range 0-14 years&#41; and 85 &#40;58&#37;&#41; males&#46; One-hundred-andfive patients &#40;72&#37;&#41; had previously been attended to in the emergency room&#44; and 45 patients &#40;30&#37;&#41; had been treated with antibiotics&#46; Upper respiratory tract infection was diagnosed in 81 patients &#40;54&#37;&#41;&#44; bronchitis in 28 &#40;18&#37;&#41;&#44; bronchiolitis in 23 &#40;15&#37;&#41; and pneumonia in 15 &#40;10&#37;&#41;&#46; Ninety- seven patients &#40;66&#37;&#41; had viral infection and only two &#40;1&#37;&#41; had bacterial infection&#46; Syncytial respiratory virus was isolated in 41 patients &#40;28&#37;&#41; and adenovirus in 30 &#40;20&#37;&#41;&#46; In the untreated group&#44; the longer duration of symptoms before admission&#44; lymphocytosis&#44; clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis and normal thorax X-ray&#44; were statistically significant&#46; In the treated group&#44; fever&#44; leukocytosis&#44; neutrophilia and a diagnosis of pneumonia were statistically significant&#46; Length of stay was longer in this group than in the untreated group</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">It is difficult to prescribe antibiotics on the basis of bacteriologic data&#46; Laboratory&#44; analytic and radiological data can be helpful in the rational use of antibiotics</p>"
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Uso de antibióticos en niños hospitalizados por infección respiratoria aguda
Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns In Pediatric Inpatients With Acute Respiratory Tract Infection
R. Escorihuela Estebana,
Autor para correspondencia
rescorihuela@fjd.es

Dr. R. Escorihuela. Servicio Pediatría. FJD. Avda. Reyes Católicos, 2. 28040 Madrid.
, J.A. Fernández Merchána, A. Millán Jiméneza, T. Carrión Meraa, G. del Río Camachoa, I. Gadea Gironésa
a Servicio de Pediatría. Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Universidad Autónoma. Madrid.
b Departamento de Microbiología Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Universidad Autónoma. Madrid.
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        "titulo" => "Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns In Pediatric Inpatients With Acute Respiratory Tract Infection"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Antecedentes</span><p id="spar1005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los ni&#241;os con infecci&#243;n respiratoria aguda constituyen un grupo permanente de estudio para evitar el tratamiento innecesario con antibi&#243;ticos&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Presentar los datos epidemiol&#243;gicos y estudiar el efecto que tienen los datos cl&#237;nicos&#44; anal&#237;ticos&#44; radiol&#243;gicos y microbiol&#243;gicos en la decisi&#243;n de tratar con antibi&#243;ticos a ni&#241;os hospitalizados por infecci&#243;n respiratoria aguda&#44; buscando criterios que justifiquen su uso</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se revisan las historias cl&#237;nicas de 147 ni&#241;os ingresados consecutivamente por catarro de v&#237;as altas&#44; bronquitis&#44; bronquiolitis y neumon&#237;a&#44; durante un a&#241;o &#40;mayo 1996-abril 1997&#41;&#46; Los pacientes se dividieron en 2 grupos&#58; pacientes no tratados con antibi&#243;ticos &#40;n &#61; 92&#41;&#44; y pacientes tratados &#40;n &#61; 55&#41; y se compararon estad&#237;sticamente los datos mediante un programa R-Sigma</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En el conjunto de la serie&#44; la edad media fue de 2&#44;5 a&#241;os con predominio de varones 85 &#40;58&#37;&#41;&#59; hab&#237;an consultado previamente en urgencias 105 pacientes &#40;72&#37;&#41; y estaban recibiendo antibi&#243;ticos 45 pacientes &#40;30&#37;&#41;&#46; Se diagnostic&#243; catarro de v&#237;as altas en 81 pacientes &#40;54&#37;&#41;&#44; bronquitis en 28 &#40;18&#37;&#41;&#44; bronquiolitis en 23 &#40;15&#37;&#41; y neumon&#237;a en 15 &#40;10&#37;&#41;&#46; Hubo 97 pacientes &#40;66&#37;&#41; con infecci&#243;n viral demostrada y 2 &#40;1&#37;&#41; bacteriana&#46; El virus respiratorio sincitial se aisl&#243; en 41 pacientes &#40;28&#37;&#41; y el adenovirus en 30 &#40;20&#37;&#41;&#46; Entre los pacientes no tratados resultaron estad&#237;sticamente significativos la mayor duraci&#243;n de los s&#237;ntomas antes del ingreso&#44; la linfocitosis&#44; el diagn&#243;stico de bronquiolitis y la radiograf&#237;a de t&#243;rax normal&#46; Entre los pacientes tratados fueron estad&#237;sticamente significativas fiebre&#44; leucocitosis&#44; neutrofilia y el diagn&#243;stico de neumon&#237;a&#44; siendo as&#237; mismo m&#225;s larga la estancia hospitalaria</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En nuestro medio&#44; es dif&#237;cil indicar un tratamiento antibi&#243;tico bas&#225;ndose en criterios bacteriol&#243;gicos&#59; los criterios cl&#237;nicos&#44; radiol&#243;gicos y anal&#237;ticos pueden ayudar en la toma de decisiones</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Background</span><p id="spar1025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Children with acute respiratory tract infection &#40;ARTI&#41; represent an important target group for efforts aimed at reducing unnecessary antibiotic use&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To present the epidemiological data and evaluate the effect of clinical&#44; laboratory&#44; radiological and microbiological data on the decision to prescribe antibiotics to pediatric patients with ARTI as well as to seek criteria that would justify antibiotic use</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A retrospective review was made of the clinical histories of 147 previously healthy children&#44; consecutively admitted to our hospital with ARTI for 1 year &#40;May 1996-April 1997&#41;&#46; Patients were divided in two groups&#58; those not treated with antibiotics &#40;n &#61; 92&#41; and those treated &#40;n &#61; 55&#41;&#46; Data from the two groups were compared with a statistical computer program &#40;R-Sigma&#41;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Of the 147 patients studied&#44; mean age was 2&#46;5 years &#40;range 0-14 years&#41; and 85 &#40;58&#37;&#41; males&#46; One-hundred-andfive patients &#40;72&#37;&#41; had previously been attended to in the emergency room&#44; and 45 patients &#40;30&#37;&#41; had been treated with antibiotics&#46; Upper respiratory tract infection was diagnosed in 81 patients &#40;54&#37;&#41;&#44; bronchitis in 28 &#40;18&#37;&#41;&#44; bronchiolitis in 23 &#40;15&#37;&#41; and pneumonia in 15 &#40;10&#37;&#41;&#46; Ninety- seven patients &#40;66&#37;&#41; had viral infection and only two &#40;1&#37;&#41; had bacterial infection&#46; Syncytial respiratory virus was isolated in 41 patients &#40;28&#37;&#41; and adenovirus in 30 &#40;20&#37;&#41;&#46; In the untreated group&#44; the longer duration of symptoms before admission&#44; lymphocytosis&#44; clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis and normal thorax X-ray&#44; were statistically significant&#46; In the treated group&#44; fever&#44; leukocytosis&#44; neutrophilia and a diagnosis of pneumonia were statistically significant&#46; Length of stay was longer in this group than in the untreated group</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">It is difficult to prescribe antibiotics on the basis of bacteriologic data&#46; Laboratory&#44; analytic and radiological data can be helpful in the rational use of antibiotics</p>"
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Información del artículo
ISSN: 16954033
Idioma original: Español
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2015 Noviembre 1 0 1
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