Abuso sexual en la infancia: prevención de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual

García Algar, O.; Mur Sierra, A.

doi:10.1016/S1695-4033(01)77525-X

array:23 ["pii" => "S169540330177525X" "issn" => "16954033" "doi" => "10.1016/S1695-4033(01)77525-X" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2001-03-01" "aid" => "77525" "copyright" => "Asociación Española de Pediatría" "copyrightAnyo" => "2001" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "An Pediatr (Barc). 2001;54:267-71" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 9128 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 75 "HTML" => 6558 "PDF" => 2495 ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S1695403301775261" "issn" => "16954033" "doi" => "10.1016/S1695-4033(01)77526-1" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2001-03-01" "aid" => "77526" "copyright" => "Asociación Española de Pediatría" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "An Pediatr (Barc). 2001;54:272-82" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 14429 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 126 "HTML" => 11275 "PDF" => 3028 ] ] "es" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Tratamiento de los derrames pleurales paraneumónicos" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "272" "paginaFinal" => "282" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Management of parapneumonic pleural effusions" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "O. Asensio de la Cruz, J. Blanco González, A. Moreno Galdó, J. Pérez Frías, A. Salcedo Posadas, L. Sanz Borrell" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "O." "apellidos" => "Asensio de la Cruz" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Blanco González" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Moreno Galdó" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Pérez Frías" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Salcedo Posadas" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Sanz Borrell" ] 6 => array:1 [ "colaborador" => "Grupo de Trabajo de Técnicas Especiales en NeumologíaPediátrica de la Sociedad Española de Neumología Pediátrica" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1695403301775261?idApp=UINPBA00005H" "url" => "/16954033/0000005400000003/v1_201307051543/S1695403301775261/v1_201307051543/es/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S1695403301775248" "issn" => "16954033" "doi" => "10.1016/S1695-4033(01)77524-8" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2001-03-01" "aid" => "77524" "copyright" => "Asociación Española de Pediatría" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "An Pediatr (Barc). 2001;54:260-6" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 4759 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 75 "HTML" => 4142 "PDF" => 542 ] ] "es" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Visión pediátrica del transporte medicalizado" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "260" "paginaFinal" => "266" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Pediatric perspectives on medical transport" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J.M. Martinón Sánchez, F. Martinón Torres, M. Rodríguez Núñez, M.aI. Martínez Soto, C. Rial Lobatón, D.G. Jaimovich" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Martinón Sánchez" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Martinón Torres" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Rodríguez Núñez" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.aI." "apellidos" => "Martínez Soto" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Rial Lobatón" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "D.G." "apellidos" => "Jaimovich" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1695403301775248?idApp=UINPBA00005H" "url" => "/16954033/0000005400000003/v1_201307051543/S1695403301775248/v1_201307051543/es/main.assets" ] "es" => array:14 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Abuso sexual en la infancia: prevención de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "267" "paginaFinal" => "271" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "O. García Algar, A. Mur Sierra" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "O." "apellidos" => "García Algar" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "90458@imas.imim.es" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Mur Sierra" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital del Mar. Barcelona" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia: Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital del Mar. P.° Marítimo, 25-29. 08003 Barcelona" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Sexual abuse in children: prevention of sexually transmitted diseases" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2000-10-31" "fechaAceptado" => "2000-11-30" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Abuso sexual" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec186607" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Profilaxis postexposición" 1 => "Enfermedades de transmisión sexual" 2 => "Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana" 3 => "Contraconcepción" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec186608" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Sexual abuse" 1 => "Postexposure prophylaxis" 2 => "Sexually transmitted diseases" 3 => "Human immunodeficiency virus" 4 => "Contraception" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "En el caso de un niño que sufre un abuso sexual hay que establecer un protocolo de actuación. Existe un riesgo de infección por diferentes microorganismos causantes de enfermedades de transmisión sexual (ETS): virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) y C (VHC) y de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), gonococo, Chlamydia trachomatis, sífilis, virus del herpes simple, vaginosis bacteriana, papillomavirus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Pediculus pubis. Por lo tanto, hay que poner en marcha un seguimiento con controles serológicos periódicos hasta 1 año después del abuso y debe aplicarse la profilaxis postexposición frente a algunas de estas enfermedades. Además, en las niñas que han tenido la menarquia, debe iniciarse una contraconcepción de urgencia." ] "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "When a child suffers from sexual abuse clinical guidelinesmust be established. There is a risk of infection from the following agents responsible for sexually transmitted diseases: the hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viruses, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, syphilis, herpes simplex virus, bacterial vaginosis, papillomavirus, Trichomonas vaginalis and Pediculus pubis. Therefore, a follow-up with periodic serological monitoring for 1 year and immunoprophylaxis or chemoprophylaxis for some of these diseases should be started. Postpuberal girls should receive emergency contraception." ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:18 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "American Academy of Pediatrics. Sexually transmitted diseases" ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:4 [ "titulo" => "2000 Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 25.Âed. Elk Grove Village" "paginaInicial" => "143" "paginaFinal" => "147" "serieFecha" => "2000" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Sexual abuse of boys: definition, prevalence, correlates, sequelae, and management" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "W.C. Holmes" 1 => "G.B. Slap" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "280" "paginaInicial" => "1855" "paginaFinal" => "1862" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9846781" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect. Guidelines for the evaluation of sexual abuse of children: subject review" ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pediatrics" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "103" "paginaInicial" => "186" "paginaFinal" => "191" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9917463" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "4." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1998 Guidelines for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases" ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "MMWR" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "47" "paginaInicial" => "108" "paginaFinal" => "111" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9480412" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "5." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Epidemiologic issues of sexually transmitted diseases in sexual assault victims" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M.W. Reynolds" 1 => "J.F. Peipert" 2 => "B. Collins" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Obstet Gynecol Surv" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "55" "paginaInicial" => "51" "paginaFinal" => "55" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10639679" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "6." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Evaluation of the adolescent rape victim" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "K. Bechtel" 1 => "M. Podrazik" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pediatr Clin North Am" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "46" "paginaInicial" => "809" "paginaFinal" => "823" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10494258" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "7." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The medical evaluation of the sexually abused child: lessons from a decade of research" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "S. Atabaki" 1 => "J.E. Paradise" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pediatrics" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "104" "paginaInicial" => "178" "paginaFinal" => "185" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10390286" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "8." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevention and management of sexually transmitted diseases in adolescents" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "R.W. Steele" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Adolesc Med" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "11" "paginaInicial" => "315" "paginaFinal" => "326" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10916127" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "9." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Sexually transmitted infections in female rape victims" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M. Holmes" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1089/apc.1999.13.703" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Aids Patient Care STDS" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "13" "paginaInicial" => "703" "paginaFinal" => "708" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10743533" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "10." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Emergency department characteristics of male sexual assault" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G.R. Pesola" 1 => "R.E. Westfal" 2 => "C.A. Kuffner" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Acad Emerg Med" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "792" "paginaFinal" => "798" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10463550" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "11." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Post-exposure treatment of people exposed to the HIV through sexualk contact or injection drug use" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "M.H. Katz" 1 => "J.L. Gerberding" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1056/NEJM199804163381602" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "N Engl J Med" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "338" "paginaInicial" => "1097" "paginaFinal" => "1100" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9545357" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "12." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Offering HIV prophylaxis to people who have been sexually assaulted: 16 months' experience in a sexual assault service" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "E.R. Wiebe" 1 => "S.E. Comay" 2 => "M. McGregor" 3 => "S. Ducceschi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "CMAJ" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "162" "paginaInicial" => "641" "paginaFinal" => "645" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10738449" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "13." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Postexposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection following sexual assault" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J.D. Bamberger" 1 => "C.R. Waldo" 2 => "J.L. Gerberding" 3 => "M.H. Katz" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Med" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "106" "paginaInicial" => "323" "paginaFinal" => "326" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10190382" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "14." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Postexposure prophylaxis after nonoccupational HIV exposure: clinical, ethical, and policy considerations" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "P. Lurie" 1 => "S. Miller" 2 => "F. Hecht" 3 => "M. Chesney" 4 => "B. Lo" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "280" "paginaInicial" => "1769" "paginaFinal" => "1773" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9842953" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "15." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Management of possible sexual, injecting-drug-use, or nonoccupational exposure to HIV, including considerations related to antiretroviral therapy. Public Health Service Statement" ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "MMWR" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "47" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "14" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9859954" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "16." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "HIV postexposure prophylaxis for children and adolescents" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "F.E. Babl" 1 => "E.R. Cooper" 2 => "B. Damon" 3 => "T. Louie" 4 => "S. Kharasch" 5 => "J. Harris" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Emerg Med" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "18" "paginaInicial" => "282" "paginaFinal" => "287" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10830685" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "17." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Postexposure prophylaxis for HIV after sexual assault" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "J.E. Myles" 1 => "A. Hirozawa" 2 => "M.H. Katz" 3 => "R. Kimmerling" 4 => "J.D. Bamberger" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "284" "paginaInicial" => "927" ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0090" "etiqueta" => "18." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Colaborativo Español para la Infección VIH Pediátrica. Manual práctico de la infección por VIH en el niño. Barcelona: Prous Science, 2000; 565-586" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "url" => "/16954033/0000005400000003/v1_201307051543/S169540330177525X/v1_201307051543/es/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "14284" "tipo" => "SECCION" "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Artículo especial" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/16954033/0000005400000003/v1_201307051543/S169540330177525X/v1_201307051543/es/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00005H&text.app=https://analesdepediatria.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S169540330177525X?idApp=UINPBA00005H"]

Anales de Pediatría

ISSN: 1695-4033

La Asociación Española de Pediatría tiene como uno de sus objetivos principales la difusión de información científica rigurosa y actualizada sobre las distintas áreas de la pediatría. Anales de Pediatría es una revista de acceso abierto que actúa como el Órgano de Expresión Científica de la Asociación y constituye el vehículo a través del cual se comunican los asociados. Anales de Pediatría publica, en inglés y en español, trabajos originales sobre investigación en pediatría, así como artículos de revisión elaborados por los profesionales expertos de cada especialidad, y guías o documentos de posicionamiento elaborados por las diferentes Sociedades/Secciones Especializadas integradas en la Asociación Española de Pediatría. La revista, referente de la pediatría de habla española, está indexada en las más importantes bases de datos internacionales: Index Medicus/Medline IBECS, IME, SCOPUS, Science Citation Index Expanded, Journal Citations Report, Embase/Excerpta Medica, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ).

In Memoriam: Alfredo García-Alix (1956-2024)

Indexada en:

Index Medicus/Medline IBECS, IME, SCOPUS, Science Citation Index Expanded, Journal Citations Report, Embase/Excerpta Medica, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

En el caso de un niño que sufre un abuso sexual hay que establecer un protocolo de actuación. Existe un riesgo de infección por diferentes microorganismos causantes de enfermedades de transmisión sexual (ETS): virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) y C (VHC) y de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), gonococo, Chlamydia trachomatis, sífilis, virus del herpes simple, vaginosis bacteriana, papillomavirus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Pediculus pubis. Por lo tanto, hay que poner en marcha un seguimiento con controles serológicos periódicos hasta 1 año después del abuso y debe aplicarse la profilaxis postexposición frente a algunas de estas enfermedades. Además, en las niñas que han tenido la menarquia, debe iniciarse una contraconcepción de urgencia.

Abuso sexual:

Profilaxis postexposición

Enfermedades de transmisión sexual

Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

Contraconcepción

When a child suffers from sexual abuse clinical guidelinesmust be established. There is a risk of infection from the following agents responsible for sexually transmitted diseases: the hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viruses, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, syphilis, herpes simplex virus, bacterial vaginosis, papillomavirus, Trichomonas vaginalis and Pediculus pubis. Therefore, a follow-up with periodic serological monitoring for 1 year and immunoprophylaxis or chemoprophylaxis for some of these diseases should be started. Postpuberal girls should receive emergency contraception.

Key words:

Sexual abuse

Postexposure prophylaxis

Sexually transmitted diseases

Human immunodeficiency virus

Contraception

El Texto completo está disponible en PDF

Bibliografía

[1.]

American Academy of Pediatrics. Sexually transmitted diseases.

2000 Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 25.Âed. Elk Grove Village, pp. 143-147

[2.]

W.C. Holmes, G.B. Slap.

Sexual abuse of boys: definition, prevalence, correlates, sequelae, and management.

JAMA, 280 (1998), pp. 1855-1862

Medline

[3.]

American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect. Guidelines for the evaluation of sexual abuse of children: subject review.

Pediatrics, 103 (1999), pp. 186-191

Medline

[4.]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1998 Guidelines for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases.

MMWR, 47 (1998), pp. 108-111

Medline

[5.]

M.W. Reynolds, J.F. Peipert, B. Collins.

Epidemiologic issues of sexually transmitted diseases in sexual assault victims.

Obstet Gynecol Surv, 55 (2000), pp. 51-55

Medline

[6.]

K. Bechtel, M. Podrazik.

Evaluation of the adolescent rape victim.

Pediatr Clin North Am, 46 (1999), pp. 809-823

Medline

[7.]

S. Atabaki, J.E. Paradise.

The medical evaluation of the sexually abused child: lessons from a decade of research.

Pediatrics, 104 (1999), pp. 178-185

Medline

[8.]

R.W. Steele.

Prevention and management of sexually transmitted diseases in adolescents.

Adolesc Med, 11 (2000), pp. 315-326

Medline

[9.]

M. Holmes.

Sexually transmitted infections in female rape victims.

Aids Patient Care STDS, 13 (1999), pp. 703-708

http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/apc.1999.13.703 | Medline

[10.]

G.R. Pesola, R.E. Westfal, C.A. Kuffner.

Emergency department characteristics of male sexual assault.

Acad Emerg Med, 6 (1999), pp. 792-798

Medline

[11.]

M.H. Katz, J.L. Gerberding.

Post-exposure treatment of people exposed to the HIV through sexualk contact or injection drug use.

N Engl J Med, 338 (1997), pp. 1097-1100

http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199804163381602 | Medline

[12.]

E.R. Wiebe, S.E. Comay, M. McGregor, S. Ducceschi.

Offering HIV prophylaxis to people who have been sexually assaulted: 16 months' experience in a sexual assault service.

CMAJ, 162 (2000), pp. 641-645

Medline

[13.]

J.D. Bamberger, C.R. Waldo, J.L. Gerberding, M.H. Katz.

Postexposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection following sexual assault.

Am J Med, 106 (1999), pp. 323-326

Medline

[14.]

P. Lurie, S. Miller, F. Hecht, M. Chesney, B. Lo.

Postexposure prophylaxis after nonoccupational HIV exposure: clinical, ethical, and policy considerations.

JAMA, 280 (1998), pp. 1769-1773

Medline

[15.]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Management of possible sexual, injecting-drug-use, or nonoccupational exposure to HIV, including considerations related to antiretroviral therapy. Public Health Service Statement.

MMWR, 47 (1998), pp. 1-14

Medline

[16.]

F.E. Babl, E.R. Cooper, B. Damon, T. Louie, S. Kharasch, J. Harris.

HIV postexposure prophylaxis for children and adolescents.

Am J Emerg Med, 18 (2000), pp. 282-287

Medline

[17.]

J.E. Myles, A. Hirozawa, M.H. Katz, R. Kimmerling, J.D. Bamberger.

Postexposure prophylaxis for HIV after sexual assault.

JAMA, 284 (2000), pp. 927

[18.]