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Vol. 59. Issue 5.
Pages 491-496 (1 November 2003)
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Vol. 59. Issue 5.
Pages 491-496 (1 November 2003)
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Tratamiento del shock séptico con plasmafiltración y hemodiafiltración continuas simultáneas
Treatment of septic shock with continuous plasmafiltration and hemodiafiltration
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J. López-Herce Cid
Corresponding author
uciped@ippp.hggm.es

Correspondencia: Sección de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Hospital General Gregorio Marañón. Dr. Castelo, 49. 28007 Madrid. España.
, A. Bustinza Arriortúa, A. Alcaraz Romero, K.B. Brandstrup Azuero, C. Fernández García-Abril, M. Roncero Rubio
Sección de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Hospital General Gregorio Marañón. Madrid. España
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A pesar de los avances terapéuticos recientes la mortalidad del shock séptico sigue siendo muy elevada. Las causas más importantes de mortalidad son el shock refractario, la alteración incontrolable de la coagulación y el fallo multiorgánico. Algunos autores han propuesto la utilización precoz de plasmafiltración y hemodiafiltración de elevado flujo como tratamiento del shock séptico refractario, realizando la mayoría la plasmafiltración en sesiones cortas y a continuación la hemodiafiltración de forma continua. Una niña de 13 años de edad presentó shock séptico meningocócico refractario a tratamiento con expansión y dosis elevadas de adrenalina y noradrenalina, coagulación intravascular diseminada (CID) e insuficiencia renal aguda. Se realizó tratamiento simultáneo con plasmafiltración y hemodiafiltración venovenosa continua durante 30 h, utilizando dos bombas de depuración extrarrenal colocadas en paralelo a través del mismo catéter de doble luz, consiguiendo una rápida estabilización hemodinámica y control de la coagulopatía. La paciente sobrevivió recuperando de manera progresiva la función renal, pero se tuvo que realizar amputación de miembro inferior izquierdo. La plasmafiltración continua y la hemodiafiltración venovenosa pueden utilizarse simultáneamente como tratamiento de niños mayores con shock séptico, coagulopatía e hipervolemia grave.

Palabras clave:
Shock séptico
Plasmafiltración
Plasmaféresis
Hemodiafiltración
Niños
Insuficiencia renal aguda
Sepsis meningocócica

Despite recent therapeutic advances, mortality due to septic shock remains high. The most important causes of mortality are refractory shock, uncontrollable alterations of coagulation, and multiorgan failure. Some authors have proposed the early use of plasmafiltration and high flow hemodiafiltration for refractory septic shock. Most authors initiate treatment with a short session of plasmafiltration followed by continuous hemodiafiltration. A 13-year-old girl presented refractory meningococcal septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and acute renal failure unresponsive to volume expansion and high doses of adrenalin and noradrenaline. She received simultaneous treatment with plasmafiltration and continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration for 30 hours. Two pumps of extrarenal purification placed in parallel through the same double line catheter were used. Fast hemodynamic stabilization and control of the coagulopathy were achieved. The patient survived with progressive recovery of renal function but required amputation of the inferior left limb. Continuous plasmafiltration and venovenous hemodiafiltration can be used simultaneously for the treatment of older children with septic shock, severe coagulopathy, and hypervolemia.

Key words:
Septic shock
Plasmafiltration
Plasmapheresis
Hemodiafiltration
Children
Acute renal failure
Meningococcal sepsis
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Copyright © 2003. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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