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Vol. 52. Issue 1.
Pages 6-14 (1 January 2000)
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Vol. 52. Issue 1.
Pages 6-14 (1 January 2000)
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Tratamiento con láser de las anomalías vasculares cutáneas en la infancia: análisis prospectivo en 95 niños
Treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions in infancy by the flashlamppumped pulsed dye laser: prospective analysis of our experience in 95 children
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M. Asín Llorca*, M.R. Navarro Belmonte
Centro Clínico Dermatológico. Alicante
J. González de Dios*
* Departamento de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario San Juan. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Alicante
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Fundamento

El uso del láser de colorante a impulsos por lámpara de destellos ha mejorado los resultados en el tratamiento de las anomalías vasculares cutáneas, dado que actúa de forma más específica sobre los vasos que otros tipos de láser (argón Nd:Yag). El objetivo de este artículo es analizar nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de las anomalías vasculares cutáneas de la infancia con este tipo de láser.

Material y métodos

El estudio comprende a 95 pacientes de edad igual o inferior a 18 años con anomalías vasculares cutáneas (85 con nevus flammeus y 10 con hemangiomas) que fueron tratados con láser de colorante a impulsos por lámpara de destellos. Los pacientes reciben tratamiento hasta que se aclara la lesión vascular, o bien se suspende cuando no existe una respuesta adecuada. Se analizaron prospectivamente todos los pacientes durante el tratamiento, con el fin de valorar la evolución clínica y la incidencia de efectos secundarios.

Resultados

El estudio engloba a 54 niñas y 41 niños, con un intervalo de edad que oscila entre los 3 meses y los 18 años, con una edad media de 7,3 ± 5,2 años. Sólo 6 niños fueron tratados con menos de 6 meses de edad. Las lesiones vasculares se encontraban localizadas en 78 casos en la cara, en nueve en el cuello, en ocho en las extremidades, en cinco en el tronco y en dos en otras regiones (área perianal y cuero cabelludo). El número de sesiones de tratamiento necesarias para la resolución de la anomalía vascular (en 52 nevus flammeus y en 10 hemangiomas en el momento del estudio) fue de 9,8 ± 7,5 (intervalo, 1–36), con variaciones en relación con el tipo de anomalía vascular (más sesiones en los nevus flammeus que en los hemangiomas) y su localización anatómica (mayor número de sesiones en la cara y menor en espalda, brazo y labios). Los efectos secundarios del láser fueron leves y transitorios.

Conclusiones

El láser es una modalidad de tratamiento útil y segura en el tratamiento de las anomalías vasculares cutáneas en la infancia. Los principales factores determinantes de la respuesta al tratamiento son el tipo de anomalía vascular y la localización, así como el tamaño de la lesión y la edad del paciente.

Palabras clave:
Láser
Nevus flammeus
Hemangiomas
Background

Recently the flashlamp-pumped dye laser has improved treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions results since this laser acts much more vessel specific than other laser (argon, Nd:Yag). The objective of this manuscript is to analyze our experience in the treatment of vascular lesions in infancy with the pulsed dye laser.

Material and methods

Ninety-five patients ≤ 18 years with vascular lesions (85 nevus flammeus and 10 hemangiomas) were treated prospectively with the flashlamp-pumped dye laser. The patients received therapy until the lesion was almost clear, or until the lesion failed to respond. All patients were examined during the course of their treatment to assess the clinical evolution and the incidence of adverse effects associated with the use of the laser.

Results

The study consisted of 54 females and 41 males ranged in age from 3 months to 18 years, with the average age being 7.3 ± 5.2 years. Only six children were treated with less than six months of age. Seventy-eight vascular lesions were located on the face, nine on the neck, eight on the extremities, five on the trunk, and two on other regions (perineal area and scalp). The number of treatment sessions needed for the resolution of the cutaneous vascular lesion (in 52 nevus flammeus and 10 hemangiomas, at the moment) was 9.8 ± 7.5 (range 1 to 36), with variations in relation to the type of vascular lesion (more sessions in nevus flammeus than hemangiomas) and their anatomical location (more sessions in the face and less in shoulder, arms and lips). The adverse effects were slights and transitories.

Conclusions

Laser therapy is useful and safe in the treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions in infancy. Major determinants of treatment response are type of cutaneous vascular lesion and location, and also size and patient’s age.

Key words:
Laser
Children
Nevus flammeus
Hemangiomas
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