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Vol. 56. Issue 1.
Pages 57-60 (1 January 2002)
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Vol. 56. Issue 1.
Pages 57-60 (1 January 2002)
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Rotura de aneurisma del seno de Valsalva en un niño con comunicación interventricular
Ruptured Aneurysm Of The Sinus Of Valsalva In A Boy With Ventricular Septal Defect
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L. Gómez López
Corresponding author
calcantara@nexo.es

Correspondencia: Dra. L. Gómez López. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Pío del Río Hortega. Cardenal Torquemada, s/n. 47010 Valladolid.
M. Martín Maté, F. Gallardo Hernández, C. Navas Heredia, C. González Armengod, F. Centeno Malfaz
Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Pío del Río Hortega. Valladolid.
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La dilatación aneurismática del seno de Valsalva es una anomalía estructural cardíaca poco frecuente en la infancia, de mayor prevalencia en los países asiáticos. Habitualmente cursa de forma asintomática, pero debe tenerse presente que con frecuencia coexisten junto a otros defectos cardíacos y, al producirse la rotura, éstos pueden seguir una evolución inesperada e inexplicable.

Se presenta un caso de rotura de aneurisma del seno de Valsalva observado en un niño de 12 años de edad, diagnosticado durante el período neonatal de una comunicación interventricular, de evolución favorable, que presentó bruscamente dolor precordial acompañado de síntomas de bajo gasto y cambio en la auscultación cardíaca.

El diagnóstico de rotura de aneurisma del seno de Valsalva se estableció mediante ecocardiografía. Precisó tratamiento quirúrgico consistente en cierre de la comunicación interventricular y reparación aórtica sin recambio valvular. El postoperatorio transcurrió sin incidencias.

Se concluye destacando la importancia de tener un alto índice de sospecha de esta entidad ante un niño previamente asintomático, con o sin cardiopatía de base, que presente bruscamente un cuadro con insuficiencia cardíaca y cambio brusco en la auscultación cardíaca.

Palabras clave:
Seno de Valsalva
Aneurisma
Fallo cardíaco
Cardio-patía congénita
Infancia

Aneurysmal dilatation of the sinus of Valsalva is a rare structural cardiac abnormality in children. It appears to be more common in Asia. It may be clinically silent for many years but these defects frequently coexist with other cardiac malformations, causing, when rupture occurs, unexpected symptoms that are not explained by the original defects. We report a case of ruptured aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva in a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with ventricular septal defect in the neonatal period with an uneventful course. The boy suddenly developed acute prechordal pain, symptoms of low heart output and systolic-diastolic murmur. The diagnosis of ruptured aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva was based on echocardiography. Surgical treatment was required to close the ventricular septal defect and repair the aorta, without valvular replacement. The postoperative course was uneventful. We conclude that is extremely important to have a degree high suspicion of this entity in previously asymptomatic children, with or without cardiac anomalies, who suddenly present this kind of heart failure and abrupt changes in cardiac auscultation.

Keywords:
Sinus of Valsalva
Aneurysm
Heart failure
Congenital ardiac malformations
Children
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Copyright © 2002. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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