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1 February 2003 Retinopatía del prematuro: incidencia, gravedad y evolución

Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)

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Vol. 58. Issue 2.

Pages 156-161 (1 February 2003)

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Vol. 58. Issue 2.

Pages 156-161 (1 February 2003)

DOI: 10.1016/S1695-4033(03)78019-9

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Retinopatía del prematuro: incidencia, gravedad y evolución

Retinopathy of prematurity: incidence,severity and outcome

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N. Martín Beguéa,

Corresponding author

nmartin@cs.vhebron.es

Correspondencia: Unidad de Oftalmología Pediátrica. Hospital Vall d’Hebron.P.º Vall d’Hebron, 119-129. 08035 Barcelona. España

, J. Perapoch Lópezb

a Unidad de Oftalmología Pediátrica

b Servicio de Neonatología. Hospital Vall dHebron. Barcelona. España

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Article information

Objetivo

Determinar la incidencia, gravedad y evolución de la retinopatía del prematuro en recién nacidos con peso inferior a 1.501 g en nuestro medio.

Métodos

Se ha efectuado un estudio prospectivo de los recién nacidos de peso inferior a 1.501 g entre enero de 1999 y junio de 2000. Se han incluido en el estudio 178 pacientes con una edad gestacional media de 29,8 6 2,9 semanas y peso medio de 1.095 6 261,5 g.

Resultados

Desarrollaron retinopatía el 29,2% de los recién nacidos, de los cuales 5,6% presentaron una retinopatía en estadio umbral y precisaron tratamiento. Ningún paciente de más de 30 semanas o más de 1.250 g presentó una retinopatía grave.

Conclusiones

La incidencia es similar a la publicada en la literatura, y la inmadurez es el principal factor de riesgo de desarrollar la retinopatía. Los resultados del estudio nos ha hecho variar el programa de cribado para detectar todos los prematuros con retinopatía del prematuro en estadio umbral.

Palabras clave:

Retinopatía del prematuro

Pérdida de visión

Prematuridad

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence, severity and outcome of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in neonates with birth weights of less than 1,501 g in our environment

Methods

A prospective study of infants with birth weights of less than 1,501 g was performed from January 1999 to June 2000. One hundred seventy-eight infants were enrolled in the study. Mean gestational age was 29.8 6 2.9 weeks and mean birth weight was 1,095 6 261.5 g.

Results

Overall, 52 infants (29.2 %) developed ROP, of which 10 (5.6 %) presented threshold ROP requiring treatment. None of the infants with a gestational age of more than 30 weeks and a birth weight of more than 1,250 g presented severe retinopathy.

Conclusions

The incidence found in the present study is similar to that of other studies. Immaturity is the most significant risk factors for the development of ROP. The results of our study led us to change our screening program to detect all threshold ROP.

Key words:

Retinopathy of prematurity

Loss of vision

Prematurity

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