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Vol. 54. Issue 5.
Pages 450-457 (1 May 2001)
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Vol. 54. Issue 5.
Pages 450-457 (1 May 2001)
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Papel del TNF-α, óxido nítrico y marcadores de progresión en el estado nutricional de niños con infección vertical por VIH-1
Role of tumor necrosis factor-α, nitric oxide and markers of clinical progression in the nutritional status of children with vertically-acquired HIV-1 infection
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S. Resinoa, J.M.a Bellóna, J. González Nicolása, Ma.L. Navarrob, Ma.A. Muñoz Fernándeza,
Corresponding author
Mmunoz@cbm.uam.es

Correspondencia: Laboratorio de Inmunobiología Molecular. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Dr. Esquerdo, 46. 28007 Madrid
a Laboratorio de Inmunobiología Molecular
b Sección de Infecciosas-Pediatría.Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón
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Objetivo

Evaluar la asociación entre los marcadores de progresión clínica y el estado nutricional de niños infectados verticalmente por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH).

Material y métodos

Se realizó un estudio antropométrico en 34 niños infectados por el VIH. Las subpoblaciones celulares se realizaron por citometría de flujo.La carga vírica (CV) se cuantificó mediante un ensayo molecular estándar comercial. El factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-α) y el óxido nítrico (NO) se cuantificaron por técnicas de enzimoinmunoanálisis (ELISA).

Resultados

ZP (Z peso), ZT (Z talla), ZIQ (Z índice de Quetelet), ZPT (Z pliegue tricipital), ZPB (Z perímetro del brazo), ZPC (Z perímetro cefálico) e índice nutricional de McLaren tuvieron una asociación negativa con la CV. La asociación del porcentaje CD4+ con estos parámetros antropométricos fue de signo positivo, pero más débil que para la CV. Los niños con CV > 5 log10 obtuvieron valores más altos de TNF-a, además de los valores antropométricos más bajos. Los niños infectados por el VIH con CV > 5 log10 tuvieron valores significativamente más altos de TNF-α y NO que los niños CV < 5 log10. Los niños infectados por el VIH con tratamiento antirretrovírico tuvieron valores de TNF-α y NO inferiores a los niños no tratados. Los valores de TNF-α y NO fueron significativamente más altos en los niños infectados por el VIH que en los niños del grupo control.

Conclusiones

Nuestros datos muestran una asociación entre las variables antropométricas que indican el estado nutricional del niño infectado por el VIH y los marcadores de progresión de la enfermedad utilizados por lo habitual en la práctica clínica (porcentaje CD4+ y CV). Además el TNF-α y el NO desempeñan un papel muy importante en el estado nutricional y en las alteraciones neurológicas de estos niños.

Palabras clave:
VIH
Niños
Carga vírica
Linfocitos T CD4+
TNF-α
Óxido nítrico
Peso
Talla
Objective

To study the correlation between the immunologic and virologic markers of clinical progression and the nutritional status of children with vertically acquired HIV-1 infection.

Material and methods

We performed an anthropometric study in 34 HIV-1 infected children. T cell subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Viral load (VL) was quantified by a standard commercial molecular assay. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) concentrations were quantified by enzyme immunoassay.

Results

Z-weight, Z-height, Z-Quetelet index, Z-tricipital pleat, Z-arm perimeter, Z-cephalic perimeter, and McLarenás nutritional index were negatively correlated with VL. These anthropometric parameters were positively correlated with the percentage of CD4+ T lymphocytes but the correlation between these parameters and VL was lower. HIV-1 infected children with a VL > 5 log10 showed higher TNF-α and NO concentrations and lower anthropometric scores. TNF-α and NO concentrations were significantly higher in HIV-1 infected children with a VL > 5 log10 than in those with a VL < 5 log10. TNF-α and NO concentrations going children. TNF-α and NO concentrations were significantly higher in the HIV-1 infected children than in the control group.

Conclusions

Our data suggest an association between anthropometric characteristics indicating the nutritional status of HIV-1 infected children and immunologic and virologic markers of clinical progression (percentage of CD4+ T lymphocytes and VL).Moreover,TNF-α and NO play a significant role in the nutritional status and neurological alterations of these children.

Key words:
HIV-1
Children
Viral load
CD4+ T lymphocyte
Tumor necrosis factor-α
Nitric oxide
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Este trabajo se ha realizado con financiación del Programa Nacional de Salud (SAF 99-0022), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (00/0207) de la Comunidad de Madrid, la Fundación para la Investigación y la Prevención del SIDA en España (3008/99) y Bristol-Myers, S.A. (Grupo Bristol-Myers Squibb)

Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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