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Vol. 59. Issue 1.
Pages 105-109 (1 July 2003)
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Vol. 59. Issue 1.
Pages 105-109 (1 July 2003)
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Intervención psicológica para el afrontamiento de procedimientos médicos dolorosos en oncología pediátrica
Psychological intervention for coping with painful medical procedures in pediatric oncology
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M. Salas Arrambidea,
Corresponding author
msalas@euskalnet.net

Correspondencia: Universidad de Deusto. Facultad FICE. Despacho 213-D. Apartado 1. 48080 Bilbao. España
, O. Gabaldón Pocb, J.L. Mayoral Miravetec, R. Guerrero Peredac, I. Amayra Caroa
a Departamento de Psicología. Universidad de Deusto
b Clínica del Dolor
c Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Donostia. Bilbao. España
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Antecedentes

Los tratamientos psicológicos para el estrés en la realización de un procedimiento han demostrado tener buenos r esultados en oncología pediátrica y numerosas instituciones recomiendan su implantación para reducir el estrés procedimental, la ansiedad y el dolor del niño asociados a procedimientos médicos dolorosos

Objetivos

Valorar los resultados de la intervención psicológica en el primer niño que participa en el estudio "Análisis prospectivo de un programa psicológico para el afrontamiento de procedimientos médicos en oncología pediátrica"

Métodos

Estudio de caso único, utilizando autoinformes de dolor y ansiedad y una escala observacional, de una intervención psicológica que consta de los siguientes componentes: ejercicios de respiración, imaginación emotiva, refuerzo y ensayo conductual

Resultados

El estrés procedimental, la ansiedad anticipatoria y el dolor disminuyeron con la intervención psicológica. El niño de 3 años de edad fue capaz de proporcionar autoinformes de dolor y de ansiedad anticipatoria utilizando los instrumentos apropiados

Conclusiones

Se discuten los beneficios potenciales de este tipo de intervenciones y se proponen mejoras para futuras investigaciones

Palabras clave:
Procedimientos médicos dolorosos
Niños
Terapia cognitivo-conductual
Psicooncología pediátrica
Background

Psychological treatments for procedural distress have shown good results in pediatric oncology and several institutions recommend their implementation to reduce the procedural distress, anxiety and pain associated with painful medical procedures

Objectives

To assess the results of a psychological intervention in the first child participating in the study «Prospective Analysis of a Psychological Program for Coping with Medical Procedures in Pediatric Oncology»

Methods

We performed a single-case study, using pain and anxiety self-reports by the child and an observational scale in a psychological intervention with the following components: Breathing exercises, imagery, reinforcement, and behavioral rehearsal

Results

The psychological intervention decreased procedural distress, anticipatory anxiety and pain. The 3-year-old child was able to give pain and anxiety self-reports using appropiate tools

Conclusions

The potential benefits of this kind of intervention are discussed, and some recommendations for future research are proposed

Keywords:
Painful medical procedures
Children
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Pediatric psycho-oncology
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Copyright © 2003. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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