Letter to the Editor
Letter to the Editor of Anales de Pediatría (Barc) about the work of Salinas-Salvador et al. “Retrospective study on the effectiveness and safety of the shortened 5- to 7-day antibiotic regimen for acute streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis compared to the classic 10-day regimen”
Carta a la editora de anales de pediatría (barc) sobre el trabajo de salinas-salvador y colaboradores «estudio retrospectivo sobre la efectividad y seguridad de la pauta antibiótica reducida a 5–7 días en la faringoamigdalitis agudaestreptocócica comparada con la pauta clásica de 10 días»
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Authors reply" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "325" "paginaFinal" => "326" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Carta a la editora de <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Anales de Pediatría (Barc)</span> sobre el trabajo de Salinas-Salvador y colaboradores: «Estudio retrospectivo sobre la efectividad y seguridad de la pauta antibiótica reducida a 5-7 días en la faringoamigdalitis aguda estreptocócica comparada con la pauta clásica de 10 días». 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But ARF continues to be an important health problem in low-income countries and also in disadvantaged areas in middle- and high-income countries. Since we do not know the exact reasons for the historical decline of ARF, we cannot fully anticipate the potential results of a generalised reduction in the duration of antibiotherapy. In any case, this approach would not be appropriate in populations in which the risk of ARF and rheumatic heart disease continue to be high.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 5- to 7-day course for treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis can generally prevent suppurative complications,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> but it does not eradicate the bacterium. This has to be taken into account in at-risk groups or when GAS needs to be eradicated. It is important to remain vigilant for outbreaks of disease.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At present, in the autumn of 2022, we are observing what may be an increase in the number of streptococcal infections in the United Kingdom<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> and other countries, including cases of scarlet fever and infection by invasive strains. Reports of invasive disease chiefly correspond to individuals aged more than 75 years (2.4 cases per 100 000), children aged 1–4 years (2.3), infants under 1 year (1.3) and children aged 5–9 years (1.1). This could reflect an increase in respiratory viruses (especially influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus); there may be other causes.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This phenomenon was seen in previous decades. In fact, González-Abad and Alonso<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> reported an increase in cases in Spain between 2011 and 2018: 29 cases of invasive <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Streptococcus pyogenes</span> (in blood, pleural fluid and other sites) were documented. Between 2011 and 2013, a single strain was documented per year, but from 2014 to 2018, 2, 5, 4, 6 and 9 strains were identified each successive year.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">While acknowledging the value of the work of Salinas-Salvador et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> we would like to underscore the ever-shifting nature of the epidemiology of viral and bacterial infections and the need to keep a close watch of their incidence and severity. Viral infections are associated with a risk of bacterial complications.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Epidemic outbreaks must be notified to the health care authorities. It is worth noting that ARF was a reportable disease in Spain from 1951 to 1996 (BOE no. 21, 24 January 1996, p. 2153). Although some autonomous communities maintained it as a reportable disease for a few more years, it was only until 2006 (Appendix I of Order SAN/2128/2006, of 27 December, regulating the reportable disease system of Castilla-Leon).</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Funding</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This research did not receive any external funding.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest" ] 2 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Estudio retrospectivo sobre la efectividad y seguridad de la pauta antibiótica reducida a 5–7 días en la faringoamigdalitis aguda estreptocócica comparada con la pauta clásica de 10 días" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "B. Salinas-Salvador" 1 => "A. Moreno-Sánchez" 2 => "G. Carmen-Marcén" 3 => "D. Molina-Herranz" 4 => "T. Arana Navarro" 5 => "C. García Vera" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.anpedi.2022.07.001" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "An Pediatr" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "97" "paginaInicial" => "398" "paginaFinal" => "404" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Enfermedades pediátricas que han pasado a la historia (14): fiebre reumática aguda en países y ámbitos desarrollados con un adecuado sistema de salud pública" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "M.A. Zafra Anta" 1 => "V.M. García Nieto" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pediatr Integral" "fecha" => "2022" "volumen" => "XXVI" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Gov UK. Group A streptococcal infections: report on seasonal activity in England, 2022 to 2023 Updated 2 December 2022. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/group-a-streptococcal-infections-activity-during-the-2022-to-2023-season/group-a-streptococcal-infections-report-on-seasonal-activity-in-england-2022-to-2023">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/group-a-streptococcal-infections-activity-during-the-2022-to-2023-season/group-a-streptococcal-infections-report-on-seasonal-activity-in-england-2022-to-2023</a>." ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Infecciones invasoras por Streptococcus pyogenes (2011–2018): serotipos y presentación clínica" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "M.J. González-Abad" 1 => "M. Alonso Sanz" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "An Pediatr (Barc)" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "92" "paginaInicial" => "351" "paginaFinal" => "358" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/23412879/0000009800000003/v1_202303071051/S2341287923000339/v1_202303071051/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "95407" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letter to the Editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/23412879/0000009800000003/v1_202303071051/S2341287923000339/v1_202303071051/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00005H&text.app=https://analesdepediatria.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2341287923000339?idApp=UINPBA00005H" ]
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