Journal Information
Vol. 55. Issue 3.
Pages 219-224 (1 September 2001)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 55. Issue 3.
Pages 219-224 (1 September 2001)
Full text access
Efecto a largo plazo de los inhibidores de la enzima conversora de la angiotensina en niños con proteinuria
Visits
9803
J.A. Camacho Díaz
Corresponding author
jcamacho@hsjdbcn.org

Correspondencia: Hospital Sant Joan de Déu. P.° Sant Joan de Déu, 2. 08950 Esplugues. Barcelona.
, A. Giménez Llort, L. García García, R. Jiménez González
Sección Nefrología. Unidad Integrada Hospital Clínic-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu. Universidad de Barcelona
This item has received
Article information
Antecedentes

La proteinuria por sí misma representa un riesgo de lesión renal cuando se mantiene elevada de forma persistente a lo largo del tiempo. Los inhibidores de la enzima conversora de la angiotensina (IECA) pueden reducir la proteinuria en adultos con diversas nefropatías.

Pacientes y métodos

Se ha evaluado el efecto del tratamiento con dosis bajas de IECA (captopril y enalapril) en 9 niños con proteinuria afectados de nefropatía glomerular crónica. Los diagnósticos de los pacientes eran: nefropatía de Schönlein-Henoch, enfermedad de Berger, enfermedad de Alport y glomerulonefritis crónica (membranosa, focal y segmentaria y mesangiocapilar). En ningún caso debían recibir tratamiento concomitante, y se excluyeron aquellos que hubieran recibido corticoides, inmunosupresores o hipotensores en los últimos 3 meses. La medicación se administró durante un período de tiempo prolongado (tiempo medio = 26,6 + 6,36 meses).

Resultados

La proteinuria que era inicialmente de rango nefrótico (mujeres = 55,34 + 10,44 mg/m2/h) descendió en todos los casos de forma significativa a los 6 meses y al final del tratamiento (p < 0,01 y p < 0,05). No se han observado reacciones adversas a la medicación. El descenso en las cifras de filtrado glomerular no fue significativo. Tampoco se modificó de forma significativa la presión arterial durante el tratamiento.

Conclusiones

Los IECA pueden ser una alternativa eficaz en la reducción de la proteinuria en niños con nefropatías de larga evolución, sin los efectos secundarios de otros fármacos, por lo que pueden utilizarse durante tiempo prolongado.

Palabras clave:
Proteinuria
Niños
IECA
Background

Prolonged proteinuria is a risk factor for renal damage. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can reduce proteinuria in adults with different types of nephropathy.

Patients and methods

We evaluated treatment with low doses of ACE inhibitors (captopril and enalapril) in nine children with proteinuria due to chronic glomerular nephropathy. The patients’ diagnoses were Henoch-Schönlein nephropathy, Berger's disease, Alport's disease, and chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) (membranous GN, focal and segmental GN, and membranoproliferative GN). None of the patients were receiving concomitant treatment. Those who had received corticoids, immunosuppressive or hypotensive drugs during the previous 3 months were excluded. The medication was administered over a prolonged period (mean 26.6 + 6.36 months).

Results

Proteinuria was initially in the nephrotic range (M = 55.34 + 10.44 mg/m2/h). In all patients concentrations fell significantly after 6 months and at the end of the treatment (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). No adverse reactions to the medication were observed. The decrease in glomerular filtration rate was not significant. No significant changes in arterial pressure were found during treatment.

Conclusions

ACE inhibitors could be an effective alternative for reducing proteinuria in children with prolonged nephropathy. These inhibitors do not produce the adverse effects associated with other drugs and can therefore be used for long periods.

Key words:
Proteinuria
Children
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
M. Broyer, M.C. Gubler.
Protéinurie et syndrome néphrotique.
Néphrologie Pédiatrique, pp. 259-273
[2.]
G. Remuzzi, T. Bertani.
International Society of Nephrology. Is glomerulosclerosis a consequence of alterd glomerular permeability to macromolecules?.
Kidney Int, 38 (1990), pp. 384-394
[3.]
T. Bertani, F. Cutillo, C. Zoja, M. Broggini, G. Remuzzi.
Tubulointerstitial lesions mediate renal damage in adriamycin glomerulopathy.
Kidney Int, 30 (1986), pp. 488-496
[4.]
H.G. Rennke, P.S. Klein.
Pathogenesis and significance of nonprimary focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis.
Am J Kidney Dis, 13 (1989), pp. 443-456
[5.]
B.M. Benner, T.W. Meyer, T.H. Hostetter.
Dietary protein intake and the progressive nature of kidney disease: the role of hemodinamically mediated glomerular injury in the pathogenesis of progressive glomerular sclerosis in aging, renal ablation, and intrinsinc renal disease.
N Engl J Med, 307 (1982), pp. 652-659
[6.]
J.R. Diamond, M.J. Karnovsky.
Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis: analogies to atherosclerosis.
Kidney Int, 33 (1988), pp. 917-924
[7.]
S. Klahr, M. Heifets, M.L. Purkerson.
The influence of anticoagulation on the progression of experimental renal disease.
The progressive nature of renal disease, pp. 45
[8.]
L.S. Ibels, A.C. Alfrey, W.E. Huffer.
Calcification in end-stage kidneys.
Am J Med, 71 (1981), pp. 33-37
[9.]
Y. Yoshida, A. Fogo, I. Ichikawa.
Gloerular hemodynamic changes vs hypertrophy in experimental glomerular sclerosis.
Kidney Int, 35 (1989), pp. 654-660
[10.]
Documento de consenso sobre pautas de detección, tratamiento de la nefropatía diabética en España.
Nefrología, 6 (1997), pp. 467-474
[11.]
The Microalbuminuria Captopril Study Group.
Captopril reduces the risk of nephropathy in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria.
Diabetologia, 39 (1996), pp. 587-593
[12.]
North American Microalbuminuria Study Group.
The beneficial effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with captopril on diabetic nephropathy in normotensive IDDM patients with microalbuminuria.
Am J Med, 99 (1995), pp. 497-504
[13.]
L.A. Hebert, R.P. Bain, D. Verme, D. Cattran, F.C. Whittier, N. Tolchin, et al.
Remision of nephrotic range proteinuria in type I diabetes. Collaborative Study Group.
Kidney Int, 46 (1994), pp. 1688-1693
[14.]
G. Viberti, C.E. Mogensen, L.C. Groop, J.F. Pauls.
Effect of captopril on progression to clinical proteinuria in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria. European Microalbuminuria captopril Study Group.
JAMA, 271 (1994), pp. 275-279
[15.]
J. Kurkus, H. Thysell.
Reduction of albuminuria after angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition in various renal disorders.
Scand J Urol Nephrol, 24 (1990), pp. 63-68
[16.]
A. Fabbri, R. Cocchi, E. Degli Espositi, A. Lucatello, A. Sturani, G. Tampieri, et al.
Antiproteinuric effect of angiotensin-converting- enzyme inhibitors in patients with primary glomerular disease and normal renal function.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 5 (1990), pp. 81-83
[17.]
International Study of Kidney disease in Children.
The primary syndrome in children. Identification of patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome from initial response to prednisone.
J Pediatr, 98 (1981), pp. 561-564
[18.]
L.U. Tina, R.D. Filder.
Hematuria and proteinuria.
Renal disease in children, pp. 133-155
[19.]
J.L. Andre, J.P. Deschamps, R. Gueguen.
Tensión arterielle chez l’enfant et l’adollescent.
Arch Fr Pediatr, 37 (1980), pp. 477
[20.]
J.A. Camacho, L. García, A. Giménez, F. López, E. Guardia, J. Vila.
Nefropatía de Schönlein-Henoch en la infancia. Estudio clínico e histológico de 31 casos.
An Esp Pediatr, 22 (1985), pp. 12-18
[21.]
H. Trachtman, B. Gauthier.
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzime inhibitor therapy on proteinuriain children with renal disease.
J Pediatr, 112 (1988), pp. 295-298
[22.]
D.S. Milliner, B.Z. Morgenstern.
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors for reduction of proteinuria in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.
Pediatr Nephrol, 5 (1991), pp. 587-590
[23.]
S. Guez, M. Giani, M.L. Melzi, C. Antignac, B.M. Assael.
Adequate clinical control of congenital nephrotic syndrome by enalapril.
Pediatr Nephrol, 12 (1998), pp. 130-132
[24.]
A. Pomeranz, B. Wolach, J. Berheim, Z. Korzets.
Successful treatment of Finnish congenital nephrotic syndrome with captopril and indometacin.
J Pediatr, 126 (1995), pp. 140-142
[25.]
G. Lama, M.E. Salsano, M. Pedulla, C. Grassia, G. Ruocco.
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and reflux nephropathy: 2 years follow-up.
Pediatr Nephrol, 11 (1997), pp. 714-718
[26.]
A.P. Huissoon, S. Meehan, J.A. Keog.
Reduction of proteinuria with captopril therapy in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and IgA nephropathy.
Ir J Med Sci, 160 (1991), pp. 319-321
[27.]
G. Navis, D. De Zeeuw, P.E. De Jong, ACE-inhibitors:.
panacea for progressive renal disease?.
Lancet, 349 (1997), pp. 1852-1853
[28.]
The Gisen Group.
Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal renal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathy.
Lancet, 349 (1997), pp. 1857-1863
Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Pediatría
Download PDF
Idiomas
Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
Article options
Tools
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?