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Vol. 57. Issue 1.
Pages 5-11 (1 July 2002)
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Vol. 57. Issue 1.
Pages 5-11 (1 July 2002)
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Cuándo se considera positivo el test de broncodilatación
Cut-Off Point For A Positive Bronchodilation Test
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C. Pardos Martíneza,
Corresponding author
cpardosm@able.es

Correspondencia: Cantabria 10, 3º.A. 22004 Huesca. España.
, J. Fuertes Fernández-Espinara
a Centro de Salud Perpetuo Socorro, Huesca.
I. Nerín de la Puertab
b Unidad de Tabaquismo. Facultad de Medicina de Zaragoza.
E. González Pérez-Yarzac
c Unidad de Neumología Infantil. Hospital Donostia. San Sebastián. España.
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Objetivo

Determinar la broncodilatación que se produce en la población normal de 7 a 14 años de edad, para establecer el valor que define una prueba de broncodilatación como positiva.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio transversal en niños sanos, no fumadores, realizado en ámbito escolar en la ciudad de Huesca en una muestra representativa (n = 145) de la población infantil de 7 a 14 años (N = 4.272). Se identificó salud mediante encuesta validada. Se monitorizó el monóxido de carbono (CO) espirado con un Micro III Smokerlyzer EC50®. La espirometría forzada basal y posbroncodilatación (salbutamol inhalado, 0,2 mg con cámara Babyhaler®) se realizaroncon un espirómetro Vitalograph mod. 2120®. Se midieron las variables capacidad vital forzada (FVC), volumen espiratorio máximo en el primer segundo (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, flujo espiratorio máximo entre el 25-75% de la FVC (FEF25-75) y pico espiratorio máximo (PEF). Para establecersi los incrementos de los parámetros seguían o no una distribución normal, se utilizó el contraste de Kolmogorov- Smirnov (modificación Lilliefors) y los histogramas. La relación entre el incremento de FEV1 y las variables del cuestionario se establecieron con el test de la t de Student (variables cualitativas) y la prueba de correlación de Pearson (variables cuantitativas). Para evaluar la fiabilidad del test se empleó el coeficiente de correlación no paramétrico de Spearman y los gráficos de dispersión.

Resultados

Incremento porcentual de FEV1 respecto al valor teórico: media (desviación estándar [DE]),Incremento porcentual de FEV1 respecto al valor previo: media.

Conclusiones

En niños de 7 a 14 años de edad, los incrementos porcentuales sobre el valor teórico o sobre el previo del FEV1 superiores al 9% definen la prueba de broncodilatación como positiva.

Palabras clave:
Espirometría forzada
Broncodilatación
Valores de referencia
Niños
Objective

To determine bronchodilation in healthy children aged 7-14 years in order to establish the value defining a positive bronchodilation test.

Patients and methods

We performed a cross-sectional study in healthy, nonsmoking schoolchildren aged 7-14 years in the city of Huesca (Spain). The sample (n = 145) was representative of the pediatric population aged 7-14 years (N = 4,272). Health was determined through a validated questionnaire. Expired carbon monoxide was measured with a Micro III Smokerlyzer EC50Ò. Forced basal and post-bronchodilation spirometry (0.2 mg of inhaled salbutamol with a Babyhaler chamber) was performed with a Vitalograph spirometer mod. 2120®. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 24-25% of forced vital capacity (FEF25-75%) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured. To establish whether increments in the variables followed normal distribution, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (Lilliefors modification) and histograms were used. The relationship between increases in FEV1 and the variables in the questionnaire was analyzed using Student's t-test (qualitative variables) and Pearson's correlation (quantitative variables). To evaluate the reliability of the test, Spearman's non-parametric correlation coefficient and dispersion graphs were used.

Results

The percentage increase in FEV1 compared with the theoretical value was: mean (SD), 3.97 (2.65); 95 % percentile, 8.87%; and 97.5 percentile, 10.25%. The percentage increase in FEV1 compared with the previous value was: mean: 3.99 (2.63), 95-percentile: 8.43%; and 97.5 percentile: 10.14%.

Conclusions

In children aged 7-14 years, increases of greater than 9% above the theoretical or previous FEV1 value define the bronchodilation test as positive.

Key words:
Forced spirometry
Bronchodilation
Reference values
Children
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Copyright © 2002. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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