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Vol. 59. Issue 2.
Pages 149-154 (1 August 2003)
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Vol. 59. Issue 2.
Pages 149-154 (1 August 2003)
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Concentraciones séricas de selenio en recién nacidos
Serum selenium levels in neonates
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F. Guirado Giméneza,
Corresponding author
ferguirado@yahoo.es

Correspondencia: Dr. F. Guirado Giménez. Avda. Teresa Salvo, 4. 44600 Alcañiz. Teruel. España.
, R.M.a Pérez Beriainb, V. Rebage Moisésa, A. García de Jalón Cometb, J.L. Olivares Lópezc, A. Baldellou Vázqueza
a Servicios de Pediatría Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet
b Servicios de Bioquímica Clínica (Sección de Nutrición y Metales). Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet
c Departamento de Pediatría. Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa. Zaragoza. España
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Antecedentes

A pesar de su creciente importancia en nutrición infantil, los estudios en España sobre los niveles de selenio en recién nacidos son escasos y, a menudo, contradictorios.

Objetivos

Establecer unos niveles de normalidad de selenio sérico en neonatos a término sanos de nuestro medio y contribuir al mejor conocimiento de aquellos factores perinatales que influyen sobre éstos.

Métodos

Determinamos la seleniemia sérica por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica de 247 recién nacidos, distribuidos en 70 a término sanos, 60 a término patológicos, 18 con retraso de crecimiento intrauterino (> 37 semanas y peso al nacimiento < 2.500 g), 44 pretérmino sanos y 55 pretérmino patológicos.

Resultados

Los a término sanos presentaron concentraciones de selenio séricas superiores a los pretérmino sanos (35,11 6 6,94 μg/l, rango 18,4-48 μg/l frente a 28,65 6 5,95 μg/l, rango 15-44,4 μg/l; p < 0,001). Los retrasos de crecimiento presentaron valores superiores a los pretérmino sanos (30,80 6 6,97 μg/l, rango 20-45,6 μg/l frente a 28,65 6 5,95 μg/l; límites 15-44,4 μg/l), pero inferiores a los a término con normopeso al nacimiento (ídem frente a 35,11 6 6,94 μg/l, rango 18,4-48 μg/l). Asimismo, los de bajo peso al nacimiento (inferior a 2.500 g) presentaron valores medios inferiores a los neonatos con normopeso (27,98 6 6,75 μg/l, límites, 15-48 μg/l frente a 33,09 6 7,52 μg/l, límites, 14,4-48 μg/l; p < 0,001).

Conclusiones

Prematuridad y bajo peso al nacimiento son los mejores predictores de riesgo de hiposeleniemia neonatal.

Palabras clave:
Selenio
Recién nacido
Edad gestacional
Bajo peso
Retraso de crecimiento intrauterino
Background

Despite their increasing importance in children's nutrition, studies on selenium levels in neonates in Spain are scarce and often contradictory.

Objectives

To establish the standard serum levels of selenium in healthy full term neonates in our area and to contribute knowledge of the perinatal factors that influence these levels.

Methods

We determined selenium levels in serum by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in 247 neonates: 70 healthy full term neonates, 60 sick full term neonates, 18 neonates with intrauterine growth retardation (> 37 weeks; birthweight < 2500 g), 44 healthy preterm neonates and 55 sick preterm neonates.

Results

Healthy full term newborns showed higher serum selenium levels than healthy preterm neonates (35.11 6 6.94 μg/l, range: 18.4-48 μg/l versus 28.65 6 5.95 μg/l, range: 15-44.4 μg/l, p < 0.001). In the group with intrauterine growth retardation, serum selenium levels were higher than in the healthy preterm group (30.80 6 6.97 μg/l, range: 20-45.6 μg/l versus 28.65 6 5.95 mg /L, range: 15-44.4 μg/l) but lower than in the full term and normal birthweight group (idem versus 35.11 6 6.94 μg/l, range 18.4-48 μg/l). Likewise, the low birthweight group (< 2500 g) showed lower mean serum selenium levels than the normal birthweight group (27.98 6 6.75 μg/l, range 15-48 μg/l versus 33.09 6 7.52 μg/l, range 14.4-48 μg/l; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Prematurity and low birthweight are the best predictors for risk of neonatal hyposeleniemia.

Key words:
Selenium
Newborn
Gestational age
Low birthweight
Intrauterine growth retardation
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