Journal Information
Vol. 56. Issue 5.
Pages 409-415 (1 May 2002)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 56. Issue 5.
Pages 409-415 (1 May 2002)
Full text access
Concentración plasmática de homocisteína: relación con los niveles plasmáticos de ácido fólico y con el polimorfismo 677C → T de la 5,10-metilenotetrahidrofolato reductasa
Total plasma homocysteine levels. relationship with plasmatic folic acid levels and 677C → T polymorphism of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
Visits
8038
J. Dalmau Serraa,
Corresponding author
jdalmaus@ono.com

Correspondencia: Unidad de Nutrición y Metabolopatías. Hospital Infantil La Fe. Avda. Campanar, 21. 46009 Valencia.
, B. Ferrer Lorenteb, V. Modesto Alapontc, M. Guillén Domínguezd, R. Vázquez Gomisa, D. Corella Piquerd, M.aL. Cabello Tomáse, A.M.a García Gómeze
a Unidad de Nutrición y Metabolopatías. Hospital Infantil La Fe.
b Centro de Atención Primaria de Alaquás.
c Unidad de Reanimación Pediátrica. Hospital Infantil La Fe.
d Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Universidad de Valencia.
e Laboratorio de Metabolopatías. Departamento de Biopatología Clínica. Hospital Infantil La Fe. Valencia
This item has received
Article information
Antecedentes

El aumento moderado de la homocisteína plasmática en niños se ha relacionado con infartos cerebrales y trombosis venosas y con los antecedentes familiares de enfermedad coronaria prematura (ECP). La determinación de homocisteína en la infancia y el estudio de los factores que determinan su concentración podría ser importante para la prevención primaria de la ECP.

Objetivo

Detectar algún caso de hiperhomocistinemia y valorar su relación con la concentración plasmática de ácido fólico y el polimorfismo 677C → T de la 5,10-metilenotetrahidrofolato reductasa (MTHFR).

Métodos

Se ha estudiado mediante la regresión lineal múltiple la relación entre la concentración plasmática de homocisteína, la del ácido fólico y los tres genotipos de la mutación 677C → T de la MTHFR en 127 niños de entre 2 y 18 años y 105 de sus progenitores.

Resultados

La concentración de homocisteína (mediana) fue de 5,00 y 8,00 µmol/l en los niños y sus progenitores, respectivamente. Los valores plasmáticos de ácido fólico se encontraban todos en el rango de la normalidad. La prevalencia de los tres genotipos en los niños fue de 32,3% para el genotipo CC, 42,5% para el CT y 15,7% para el TT. La concentración de homocisteína era significativamente mayor con el genotipo TT (p = 0,018). En la regresión lineal múltiple se encontró un efecto directo positivo de la edad (b = 0,029; p = 0,001) y negativo del genotipo TT (b = -3,886; p = 0,002) sobre la concentración de homocisteína. El coeficiente de regresión de la concentración de ácido fólico aunque de signo negativo, no alcanzó significación estadística.

Conclusiones

No se ha encontrado ningún caso de hiperhomocistinemia. Al valorar la homocisteína hay que tener en cuenta la edad y en caso de existir la mutación 677C → T, los valores plasmáticos de ácido fólico. Sería conveniente determinar la homocisteína en los niños de mayor edad con antecedentes familiares de aterotrombosis y con otros factores de riesgo para la ECP.

Palabras clave:
Homocisteína
Ácido fólico
Metilenotetrahidrofolato reductasa
Background

Moderately increased plasma homocysteine (Hcy) in children has been associated with stroke and venous thrombosis and with a parental history of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Evaluation of Hcy concentrations during childhood and study of the factors determining its concentrations could play an important role in the primary prevention of CVD.

Objective

To detect cases of hyperhomocystinemia and to examine the association between Hcy levels and plasma folic acid levels and 677C → T polymorphism of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR).

Methods

The relationship between plasma Hcy levels, plasma folic acid levels, and the three genotypes of 677C → T MTHFR polymorphism was investigated in 127 children (aged 2–18 years) and in 105 parents by multiple linear regression.

Results

The median Hcy levels were 5.00 µmol/l in the children and 8.00 µmol/l in the parents. Plasma folic acid levels were normal in all of the patients. The prevalence of the three genotypes in the children was 32.3% for the CC genotype, 42.5% for the CT genotype and 15.7% for the TT genotype. Hcy concentrations were significantly higher in children with the TT genotype (p = 0.018). Multiple linear regression revealed a positive direct effect of age (b = 0.029, p = 0.002) and a negative effect of genotype TT (b = 3.886, p = 0.002) on Hcy concentration. Hcy concentration was inversely correlated with folic acid levels but this correlation did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions

No cases of hyperhomocystinemia were found. To evaluate Hcy, age and plasma folic acid levels have to be taken into account in case there is a 677C → T mutation. Hcy concentrations should be determined in older children with a family history of atherothrombosis and other risk factors for premature CVD.

Keywords:
Homocysteine
Folic acid
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
O. Nygard, S.E. Vollsset, H. Refsum, L. Brattström, P.M. Ueland.
Plasma homocysteine and cardiovascular disease.
J Intern Med, 246 (1999), pp. 425-454
[2.]
D.E.L. Wilcken, L. Brattström.
Mild hyperhomocysteinemia: Vitamin supplementation or not [carta].
Am J Clin Nutr, 74 (2001), pp. 271-272
[3.]
G.N. Welch, J. Loscalzo.
Homocysteine and atherothrombosis.
N Engl J Med, 338 (1998), pp. 1042-1050
[4.]
S. Guthikonda, W.G. Haynes.
Homocysteine as novel risk factor for atherosclerosis.
Curr Opin Cardiol, 14 (1999), pp. 283-291
[5.]
J.M. Scott.
Homocysteine and cardiovascular risk.
Am J Clin Nutr, 72 (2000), pp. 333-334
[6.]
P.M. Ueland, H. Refsum, S.A.A. Beresford, S.E. Vollsset.
The controversy over homocysteine and cardiovascular risk.
Am J Clin Nutr, 72 (2000), pp. 324-332
[7.]
L. Brattström, D.E.L. Wilcken.
Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: Cause or effect?.
Am J Clin Nutr, 72 (2000), pp. 315-323
[8.]
S. Tonstad, H. Refsum, M. Sivertsen, B. Christophersen, L. Ose, P.M. Ueland.
Relation of total homocysteine and lipids levels in children to premature cardiovascular death in male relatives.
[9.]
S. Tonstad, H. Refsum, P.M. Ueland.
Association between plasma total homocysteine and parental history of cardiovascular disease in children with familial hypercholesterolemia.
Circulation, 96 (1997), pp. 1803-1808
[10.]
H.G. Koch, P. Nabel, R. Junker, K. Auberger, R. Schobess, A. Homberger.
The 677C → T genotype of the common MTHFR thermolabile variant anad fasting homocysteine in childhood venous thrombosis.
Eur J Pediatr, 158 (Suppl 3) (1999), pp. 113-116
[11.]
E. Cardo, E. Monros, C. Colome, R. Artuch, J. Campistol, M. Pineda.
Children with stroke: Polymorphism of the MTHFR gene, mild hyperhomocysteinemia, and vitamin status.
J Child Neurol, 15 (2000), pp. 295-298
[12.]
J. Campistol, M.A. Vilaseca, E. Cardo.
Hiperhomocisteinemia como factor de riesgo para accidentes cerebrovasculares en la infancia.
III Symposium SHS sobre errores congénitos del metabolismo, pp. 57-67
[13.]
D. Infante, R. Tormo.
Risk of inadecuate bone mineralization in diseases involving long-term supresion of dairy products.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 30 (2000), pp. 310-313
[14.]
J. Dalmau, A. Vayá, M. Martínez, L. Blesa, J. Aznar.
Nuevos marcadores de riesgo aterogénico: perfil hemorreológico en niños y adolescentes con hipercolesterolemia familiar.
An Esp Pediatr, 45 (1996), pp. 393-397
[15.]
M.T. Shipchandler, E.G. Moore.
Rapid fully automated measurament of plasma homocyst(e)ine with the Abbott IMx®Analyzer.
Clin Chem, 41 (1995), pp. 991-994
[16.]
M. Guillén, A.M. García, M.L. Cabello.
Cuantificación de homocisteína en plasma: comparación entre un método cromatográfico de alta resolución (HPLC) y un enzimoinmunoensayo.
Rev Diag Biol, 48 (1999), pp. 48-49
[17.]
M. Guillen, D. Corella, O. Portoles, J.I. Gonzalez, F. Mulet, C. Saiz.
Prevalence of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C → T mutation in the Mediterranean Spanish population. Association with cardiovascular risk factors.
Eur J Epidemiol, 17 (2001), pp. 255-261
[18.]
O. Nygard, S.E. Vollset, H. Refsum, I. Stensvold, A. Tverdal, J.E. Nordrehaug.
Total plasma homocysteine and cardiovascular risk profile. The Hordaland homocysteine study.
Jama, 274 (1995), pp. 1526-1533
[19.]
K.J. Greenlud, S.R. Srinivasan, J.H. Xu, E. Dalferes, L. Myers, A. Pickoff.
Plasma homocysteine distribution and its association with parental history of coronary artery disease in black and white children. The Bogalusa Heart Study.
Circulation, 99 (1999), pp. 2144-2149
[20.]
S.K. Osganian, M.J. Stampfer, D. Spiegelman, E. Rimm, J.A. Cutler, H.A. Feldman.
Distribution of and factors associated with serum homocysteine levels in children. Child and adolescent trial for cardiovascular health.
Jama, 281 (1999), pp. 1189-1196
[21.]
E.E. Delvin, R. Rozen, A. Merouani, J. Genest, M. Lambert.
Influence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype, age, vitamin B12, and folate status on plasma homocysteine in children.
Am J Clin Nutr, 72 (2000), pp. 1469-1473
[22.]
S.M. Saw, J.M. Yuan, Ch.N. Ong, K. Arakawa, H.P. Lee, G.A. Coetzee.
Genetic, dietary, and other lifestyle determinants of plasma homocysteine concentrations in middle-aged and older chinese men and women in Singapore.
Am J Clin Nutr, 73 (2001), pp. 232-239
[23.]
S.E. Vollset, H. Refsum, P.M. Ueland.
Population determinants of homocysteine (ed).
Am J Clin Nutr, 73 (2001), pp. 499-500
[24.]
D.E. Kleinbaum, L.L. Kupper, K.E. Muller, A. Nizam.
Applied regression analysis and other multivariable methods, 3a,
[25.]
National Academy Press, (1998),
[26.]
S.J. Fomon, D.B. McCormick.
Vitaminas del grupo B y colina.
Nutrición del lactante, 1a, pp. 358-385
[27.]
C. De Laet, J.C. Wautrecht, D. Brasseur, M. Dramais, J.M. Boeynaems, J. Decuyper.
Plasma homocysteine concentrations in a Belgian school-age population.
Am J Clin Nutr, 69 (1999), pp. 968-972
[28.]
M.A. Vilaseca, D. Moyano, I. Ferrer, R. Artuch.
Total homocysteine in pediatric patients.
Clin Chem, 43 (1997), pp. 690-692
[29.]
P.F. Jacques, A.G. Bostom, P.W.F. Wilson, S. Rich, I.H. Rosenberg, J. Selhub.
Determinats of plasma total homocysteine concentration in the Framingham offspring cohort.
Am J Clin Nutr, 73 (2001), pp. 613-621
[30.]
R.F. Franco, A.G. Araujo, J.F. Guerreiro, J. Elion, M.A. Zago.
Analysis of the 677C→T mutation of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene in diferent ethnic groups.
Thromb Haemost, 79 (1998), pp. 119-121
[31.]
J.A. Schneider, D.C. Rees, Y.T. Liu, J.B. Cleegg.
Worldwide distribution of a common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation.
Am J Hum Genet, 62 (1998), pp. 1258-1260
[32.]
S. Tonstad, H. Refsum, L. Ose, P.M. Ueland.
The 677C → T mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene predisposes to hyperhomocysteinemia in children with familial hypercholesterolemia treated with cholestyramine.
J Pediatr, 132 (1998), pp. 365-368
[33.]
L. Brattström, D.E. Wilcken, J. Ohrvik, L. Brudin.
Common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutation leads to hyper-homocysteinemia but not vascular disease: The result of a meta-analysis.
Circulation, 98 (1998), pp. 2520-2526
[34.]
P.F. Jacques, A.G. Bostom, R.R. Williams, R.C. Ellison, J.H. Eckfeldt, I.H. Rosenberg.
Relation between folate status, a common mutation in methylenehydrofolato reductase, and plasma homocysteine concentrations.
Circulation, 93 (1996), pp. 7-9
[35.]
S.H. Mudd, H.L. Levy, F. Skovby.
Disorders of transsulfuration.
The metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease,, 7a, pp. 1279-1327
[36.]
K.M. Koehler, R.N. Baumgartner, P.J. Garry, R.H. Allen, S.P. Stabler, E.B. Rimm.
Association of folate intake and serum homocysteine in elderly persons according to vitamin supplementation and alcohol use.
Am J Clin Nutr, 73 (2001), pp. 628-637
[37.]
E.S. Ford, A. Sowell.
Serun alpha-tocopherol status in the United States population: Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Am J Epidemiol, 150 (1999), pp. 290-300
Copyright © 2002. Asociación Española de Pediatría
Download PDF
Idiomas
Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
Article options
Tools
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?