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Vol. 60. Issue 4.
Pages 323-329 (1 April 2004)
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Vol. 60. Issue 4.
Pages 323-329 (1 April 2004)
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Atresia de vías biliares: estudio clínico retrospectivo
Biliary atresia: Retrospective clinical study
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E. Donat Aliagaa, B. Polo Miquela, J.J. Vila Carbób, C. Sangüesa Nebotc, C. García-Sala Viguerb, M. Hernández Martíd, C. Ribes Koninckxa,
Corresponding author
cribes@argo.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Gastroenterología. Hospital Infantil La Fe. Avda. Campanar, 21. 46009 Valencia. España
a Unidad de Gastroenterología Pediátrica
b Servicios de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital La Fe. Valencia. España
c Servicios de Radiodiagnóstico HI, Hospital La Fe. Valencia. España
d Anatomía Patológica. Hospital La Fe. Valencia. España
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Objetivo

Obtener un mejor conocimiento del comportamiento deuna población de pacientes con diagnóstico de atresia de vías biliares en las distintas fases de la enfermedad

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo, transversal y descriptivo, tipo serie de casos clínicos. Pacientes con diagnóstico de atresia de vías biliares atendidos en la Unidad de Gastroenterología del Hospital Infantil La Fe de Valencia desde enero de 1990 a diciembre del 2000

Resultados

De los 16 niños controlados, en el momento actual permanecen estables ocho, han precisado trasplante hepático seis y han fallecido dos. La edad media al diagnóstico es de 47,5 días de vida. La manifestación clínica más frecuente es la ictericia (87,5 %), y el hallazgo analítico más importante el aumento de la gammaglutamiltranspeptidasa (GGT) (3–4 veces su valor de referencia) en el 100 % de los casos

Las imágenes ecográficas son diagnósticas en el 85,7 %. El Hepato-Hida ofrece una sensibilidad del 100 %. El tratamiento quirúrgico mediante portoenterostomía se realizó en todos los pacientes, con biopsia hepática en el mismo acto. La precocidad en la intervención se refleja en un mejor pronóstico a largo plazo, siendo mejor si ésta se realiza antes de los 65 días de vida

Conclusiones

Un alto índice de sospecha permite el tratamiento quirúrgico precoz, única medida terapéutica que puede condicionar un pronóstico menos desfavorable

Palabras clave:
Atresia de vías biliares
Colestasis neonatal
Trasplante hepático
Objective

To gain further insight into the natural history of patients with biliary atresia

Patients and methods

We performed a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, case series study. All patients with biliary atresia attended at the Pediatric Gastrointestinal and Hepatology Unit of La Fe Children's Hospital in Valencia (Spain) from January 1990 to December 2000 were included

Results

Of 16 children followed-up, eight are currently stable, six have undergone liver transplantation and two died. The mean age at diagnosis was 47.5 days. The most frequent clinical manifestation was jaundice (87.5 %) and the most common biochemical finding was raised γ-glutamyltransferase (3–4 times its standard value), which appeared in 100 % of the patients

Abdominal ultrasonography was diagnostic in 85.7 % of the patients. Nuclear scintiscan (DISIDA) showed a sensitivity of 100 %. Portoenterostomy with intraoperative liver biopsy was performed in all patients. Patient age at surgery was a predictor of long-term outcome, with more favorable results in patients aged less than 65 days of life

Conclusions

Biliary atresia should be suspected as soon as possible, since early surgical treatment is the only therapeutic measure that can improve outcome

Key words:
Biliary atresia
Neonatal cholestasis
Liver transplantation
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