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Vol. 59. Issue 3.
Pages 294-296 (1 September 2003)
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Vol. 59. Issue 3.
Pages 294-296 (1 September 2003)
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Anemia hemolítica autoinmune con prueba de antiglobulina positiva a complemento
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia with complement-positive direct antiglobulin test
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S. Martínez Nadala, I. Alcorta Loyolab,
Corresponding author
ialkorta@hsjdbcn.org

Correspondencia: Servicio de Hematología. P. ° Sant Joan de Déu, 2. 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat. Barcelona. España.
, J. Estella Aguadob, S. Rives Solab, T. Toll Costab
a Servicios de Pediatría Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu. Universidad de Barcelona. España
b Servicios de Hematología. Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu. Universidad de Barcelona. España
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La anemia hemolítica autoinmune (AHAI) es una enfermedad poco frecuente en la edad pediátrica. Su diagnóstico se establece mediante la prueba de antiglobulina directa (PAD) o test de Coombs que determina qué tipo de globulina (IgG o complemento) es la causante de la hemólisis. Dependiendo del tipo de globulina que resulte, ésta orienta la etiología de la AHAI, que se suele confirmar a través de la positividad de otras pruebas de laboratorio, como la determinación de crioaglutininas o la prueba de Donath-Landsteiner

Se presentan 3 casos de anemia hemolítica autoinmune con PAD positiva a complemento con etiología diferente: por anticuerpos calientes con PAD negativa a IgG, por crioaglutininas asociadas a mononucleosis infecciosa y por anticuerpos de Donath-Landsteiner

En todos los casos se inició tratamiento empírico con corticoides que se suspendió o continuó según la etiología final de la AHAI

Palabras clave:
Anemia hemolítica autoinmune
Prueba de antiglobulina directa
Complemento
Crioaglutininas
Prueba de Donath-Landsteiner

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHI) is an infrequent disease in the pediatric age group. Its diagnosis is given by the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) or Coombs’ test, which determines which type of globulin (IgG or complement) is the cause of the hemolysis. The type of globulin involved determines the etiology of AIHI, which is usually confirmed by positive results of other laboratory investigations such as cold agglutinin determination or the Donath-Landsteiner test

We present three cases of AIHI. DAT was positive to complement with diverse etiology: warm antibody with IgG-negative DAT, cold agglutinins associated with infectious mononucleosis, and Doth-Landsteiner antibodies

In all patients, empirical treatment with corticosteroids was initiated. The treatment was withdrawn or continued, depending on the final etiology of AIHI

Keywords:
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Direct antiglobulin test
Complement
Cold agglutinins
Donath-Landsteiner test
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Copyright © 2003. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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