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Vol. 60. Issue 6.
Pages 544-549 (1 June 2004)
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Vol. 60. Issue 6.
Pages 544-549 (1 June 2004)
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Análisis e influencia de la pérdida de peso en el desarrollo puberal de adolescentes obesas
Analysis of puberal development and influence of weight loss in obese adolescent girls
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G. Villar Villar, B. Nievas Soriano, J.L. Ruibal Francisco
Corresponding author
ruibaljl@yahoo.es

Correspondencia: Departamento de Pediatría. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Pl. de Cristo Rey, s/n. 28040 Madrid. España
, O. Pérez Rodríguez, S. Rueda Esteban
Departamento de Pediatría. Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos. Madrid. España
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Objetivos

Estudiar aspectos del desarrollo puberal en adolescentes obesas, y la influencia de la pérdida de peso en las mismas

Métodos

Estudio retrospectivo y longitudinal de 26 adolescentes con peso normal y 46 obesas al inicio de la pubertad. Estas últimas se dividieron en dos grupos (normales y obesas) según su índice de masa corporal (IMC) al final de la pubertad. Se comparan: talla, edad cronológica, ósea y velocidad de crecimiento en los tres grupos

Resultados

De las adolescentes obesas al iniciar la pubertad, el 63% permanecieron obesas al finalizarla

Las adolescentes obesas estudiadas tenían una talla significativamente mayor que las no obesas al inicio de la pubertad (143,2 ± 6,96 y 138,9 ± 5,95cm, respectivamente; p < 0,01). Sin embargo, no existieron diferencias significativas en las tallas finales de ambos grupos; tampoco entre las obesas que perdieron peso y las que no

No hubo diferencias en las edades cronológicas ni óseas a lo largo del desarrollo puberal en ninguno de los grupos

La velocidad de crecimiento global durante la pubertad en el grupo de obesas fue significativamente menor que en el grupo control (6,18 ± 1,94 y 6,90 ± 1,27cm/año, respectivamente; p < 0,02). Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias entre las obesas que perdieron peso y las que no

Conclusiones

Las obesas tienen una ganancia de talla superior en la infancia pero inferior durante la adolescencia. La talla final es parecida en ambos grupos. El inicio y final de la pubertad son parejos y la maduración ósea similar. La pérdida de peso de las obesas durante la pubertad no altera el patrón global de crecimiento

Palabras clave:
Obesidad
Desarrollo puberal
Maduración sexual
Crecimiento
Objectives

To study several aspects of puberal development in obese adolescent girls, and the influence of weight loss on these aspects

Methods

A longitudinal retrospective study was performed of a sample of 26 adolescent girls with normal weight and46 obese adolescent girls at the onset of puberty. The obese teenagers were further divided into two groups (normal and obese) according to their body mass index (BMI) at the end of puberty. Height, chronological and bone age, and growth velocity were evaluated in both groups

Results

Of the teenagers who were obese at the onset of puberty, 63 % remained obese at the end of puberty

The obese teenagers were significantly taller than non-obese teenagers at the onset of puberty (143.2 ± 6.96 vs 138.9 ± 5.95cm, respectively; p < 0.01). However, there were no differences between the two groups in final height. No differences were found between obese teenagers who lost weight and those who did not

There were no differences in chronological or bone age throughout puberal development in any of the groups

The mean growth velocity during puberty was significantly lower in obese teenagers than in non-obese teenagers (6.18 ± 1.94 and 6.90 ± 127cm/year, respectively; p < 0.02). However, there were no differences between obese teenagers who lost weight and those who did not

Conclusions

Height gain in obese girls is greater in childhood but lower in adolescence. Final height is similar in both groups. Chronological age at the onset and end of puberty and bone maturation are similar in both groups. Weight loss during puberty does not modify growth pattern during this period of development

Key words:
Obesity
Puberal development
Sexual maturation
Growth
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Copyright © 2004. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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