Journal Information
Vol. 54. Issue 3.
Pages 267-271 (1 March 2001)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 54. Issue 3.
Pages 267-271 (1 March 2001)
Full text access
Abuso sexual en la infancia: prevención de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual
Sexual abuse in children: prevention of sexually transmitted diseases
Visits
15039
O. García Algar
Corresponding author
90458@imas.imim.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital del Mar. P.° Marítimo, 25-29. 08003 Barcelona
, A. Mur Sierra
Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital del Mar. Barcelona
This item has received
Article information

En el caso de un niño que sufre un abuso sexual hay que establecer un protocolo de actuación. Existe un riesgo de infección por diferentes microorganismos causantes de enfermedades de transmisión sexual (ETS): virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) y C (VHC) y de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), gonococo, Chlamydia trachomatis, sífilis, virus del herpes simple, vaginosis bacteriana, papillomavirus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Pediculus pubis. Por lo tanto, hay que poner en marcha un seguimiento con controles serológicos periódicos hasta 1 año después del abuso y debe aplicarse la profilaxis postexposición frente a algunas de estas enfermedades. Además, en las niñas que han tenido la menarquia, debe iniciarse una contraconcepción de urgencia.

Abuso sexual:
Profilaxis postexposición
Enfermedades de transmisión sexual
Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana
Contraconcepción

When a child suffers from sexual abuse clinical guidelinesmust be established. There is a risk of infection from the following agents responsible for sexually transmitted diseases: the hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viruses, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, syphilis, herpes simplex virus, bacterial vaginosis, papillomavirus, Trichomonas vaginalis and Pediculus pubis. Therefore, a follow-up with periodic serological monitoring for 1 year and immunoprophylaxis or chemoprophylaxis for some of these diseases should be started. Postpuberal girls should receive emergency contraception.

Key words:
Sexual abuse
Postexposure prophylaxis
Sexually transmitted diseases
Human immunodeficiency virus
Contraception
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
American Academy of Pediatrics. Sexually transmitted diseases.
2000 Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 25.Âed. Elk Grove Village, pp. 143-147
[2.]
W.C. Holmes, G.B. Slap.
Sexual abuse of boys: definition, prevalence, correlates, sequelae, and management.
JAMA, 280 (1998), pp. 1855-1862
[3.]
American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect. Guidelines for the evaluation of sexual abuse of children: subject review.
Pediatrics, 103 (1999), pp. 186-191
[4.]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1998 Guidelines for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases.
MMWR, 47 (1998), pp. 108-111
[5.]
M.W. Reynolds, J.F. Peipert, B. Collins.
Epidemiologic issues of sexually transmitted diseases in sexual assault victims.
Obstet Gynecol Surv, 55 (2000), pp. 51-55
[6.]
K. Bechtel, M. Podrazik.
Evaluation of the adolescent rape victim.
Pediatr Clin North Am, 46 (1999), pp. 809-823
[7.]
S. Atabaki, J.E. Paradise.
The medical evaluation of the sexually abused child: lessons from a decade of research.
Pediatrics, 104 (1999), pp. 178-185
[8.]
R.W. Steele.
Prevention and management of sexually transmitted diseases in adolescents.
Adolesc Med, 11 (2000), pp. 315-326
[9.]
M. Holmes.
Sexually transmitted infections in female rape victims.
Aids Patient Care STDS, 13 (1999), pp. 703-708
[10.]
G.R. Pesola, R.E. Westfal, C.A. Kuffner.
Emergency department characteristics of male sexual assault.
Acad Emerg Med, 6 (1999), pp. 792-798
[11.]
M.H. Katz, J.L. Gerberding.
Post-exposure treatment of people exposed to the HIV through sexualk contact or injection drug use.
N Engl J Med, 338 (1997), pp. 1097-1100
[12.]
E.R. Wiebe, S.E. Comay, M. McGregor, S. Ducceschi.
Offering HIV prophylaxis to people who have been sexually assaulted: 16 months' experience in a sexual assault service.
CMAJ, 162 (2000), pp. 641-645
[13.]
J.D. Bamberger, C.R. Waldo, J.L. Gerberding, M.H. Katz.
Postexposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection following sexual assault.
Am J Med, 106 (1999), pp. 323-326
[14.]
P. Lurie, S. Miller, F. Hecht, M. Chesney, B. Lo.
Postexposure prophylaxis after nonoccupational HIV exposure: clinical, ethical, and policy considerations.
JAMA, 280 (1998), pp. 1769-1773
[15.]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Management of possible sexual, injecting-drug-use, or nonoccupational exposure to HIV, including considerations related to antiretroviral therapy. Public Health Service Statement.
MMWR, 47 (1998), pp. 1-14
[16.]
F.E. Babl, E.R. Cooper, B. Damon, T. Louie, S. Kharasch, J. Harris.
HIV postexposure prophylaxis for children and adolescents.
Am J Emerg Med, 18 (2000), pp. 282-287
[17.]
J.E. Myles, A. Hirozawa, M.H. Katz, R. Kimmerling, J.D. Bamberger.
Postexposure prophylaxis for HIV after sexual assault.
JAMA, 284 (2000), pp. 927
[18.]
Colaborativo Español para la Infección VIH Pediátrica. Manual práctico de la infección por VIH en el niño. Barcelona: Prous Science, 2000; 565-586
Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Pediatría
Download PDF
Idiomas
Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
Article options
Tools