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Vol. 54. Issue 4.
Pages 353-358 (1 April 2001)
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Vol. 54. Issue 4.
Pages 353-358 (1 April 2001)
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Ablación con catéter y radiofrecuencia del síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White en niños resucitados de muerte súbita cardíaca
Radiofrequency catheter ablation in children with wolff-parkinson-white syndrome and aborted sudden cardiac death
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F. Benito Bartolomé
Corresponding author
fbenito@gmx.net

Correspondencia: Meléndez Valdés 22, 5. º B. 28015Madrid
, C. Sánchez Fernández-Bernal
Unidad de Arritmias. Laboratorio de Electrofisiología Clínica Cardíaca. Hospital Infantil La Paz. Madrid.
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Introducción

La muerte súbita puede ser la primera manifestación del síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White, sobre todo en ni-ños y adolescentes.

Objetivos

El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la utilidad de la ablación con catéter en niños con el síndrome de Wolff -Parkinson-White resucitados de muerte súbita.

Métodos y resultados

Se presentan 4pacientes (de 2,5meses a 16 años de edad) con síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White resucitados de un episodio de muerte súbita. Los primeros 2 casos eran pequeños lactantes; en el primero, el episodio de muerte súbita ocurrió durante el tratamiento con digoxina por ta-quicardia supraventricular y, en el segundo, el diagnóstico de este síndrome se realizó tras un episodio de muerte sú-bita del lactante. En cada caso se realizó ablación de una única vía accesoria, lateral izquierda y posterior izquierda, por vía transeptal. En el tercer caso, con síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White asintomático, el episodio de muerte súbita se desencadenó durante el ejercicio y en el número 4, tras la perfusión intravenosa de adenosintrifosfato (ATP) y amiodarona para el tratamiento de un episodio de fibri-lación auricular rápida; en ambos se realizó ablación de una vía accesoria posteroseptal derecha y anterior dere-cha, respectivamente. Tras un período de seguimiento de 43,5 ± 26,4 meses, ningún paciente ha presentado recu-rrencia de la muerte súbita ni de la conducción por la vía accesoria. El paciente 3 presentó secuelas neurológicas gra-ves tras el paro cardíaco, que persisten en el seguimiento.

Conclusiones

La ablación con catéter es el método de tratamiento de elección en niños con síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White y un episodio de muerte súbita abortado.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White
Muerte súbita
Ablación
Introduction

Sudden death may be the first manifestation of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, especially in children and adolescents.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of radiofrequency catheter ablation in children with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome with aborted sudden death.

Methods and results

We report four patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syn-drome who survived cardiac arrest. The patients were aged from 2.5months to 16years. The two first patients were lactating infants; in the first sudden death occurred during digoxin treatment for supraventricular tachycardia secondary to Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and in the second the syndrome was diagnosed after an episode of sudden death. In these patients a free wall accessory path-way (left posterior and left lateral, respectively) was suc-cessfully ablated using a transseptal approach. The third patient was diagnosed with asymptomatic Wolff-Parkin-son-White syndrome; sudden death occurred during exer-cise. In the fourth patient, sudden death occurred after in-travenous therapy with adenosine triphosphate and amiodarone for rapid atrial fibrillation. In both patients, one accessory pathway, located in right posteroseptal and right anterior free wall, respectively, was ablated. After a mean follow-up of 43.5 ± 26.4 months, no recurrence of sudden death had occurred and electrocardiogram sho-wed sinus rhythm without delta wave. The third patient presented severe sequelae of hypoxemic encephalopathy, which persisted during the follow-up.

Conclusions

Radiofrequency catheter ablation is the treatment of choice in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome with episodes of aborted sudden death.

Key words:
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Sudden death
Cathe-ter ablation
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Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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