Elsevier

Medicina Clínica

Volume 135, Issue 6, 17 July 2010, Pages 265-273
Medicina Clínica

Artículo especial
Recomendaciones diagnósticas y terapéuticas en el sobrepeso y la obesidad durante la adolescenciaDiagnostic and therapeutic recommendations for overweight and obesity during adolescence

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2009.02.041Get rights and content

Section snippets

Índice de masa corporal

En la actualidad hay un acuerdo generalizado en utilizar el índice de masa corporal (IMC) como la medida de elección para el diagnóstico de sobrepeso u obesidad en la adolescencia, tanto en la clínica como en estudios poblacionales7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, por poder obtenerse con facilidad y a bajo coste, por correlacionarse con el porcentaje de grasa corporal y por predecir la adiposidad y la morbimortalidad en etapas posteriores de la vida. No obstante, tiene algunas limitaciones13 que se exponen

Tratamiento

Al ser la obesidad un trastorno multifactorial complejo, el abordaje terapéutico para su control debería ser multimodal y, cuando se precise, multidisciplinario10. El tratamiento básico para el control del peso corporal excesivo contempla cambios permanentes en el estilo de vida, la combinación de intervenciones sobre la alimentación (para reducir el ingreso energético) y la actividad física (con el fin de aumentar el gasto de energía), así como sobre las conductas y hábitos desfavorables

First page preview

First page preview
Click to open first page preview

Bibliografía (91)

  • L.B. Andersen et al.

    Physical activity and clustered cardiovascular risk in children: A cross-sectional study (The European Youth Heart Study)

    Lancet

    (2006)
  • K.L. Rennie et al.

    Behavioural determinants of obesity

    Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab

    (2005)
  • S. Péneau et al.

    Anthropometric and behavioral patterns associated with weight maintenance after an obesity treatment in adolescents

    J Pediatr

    (2008)
  • L.M. García-Morales et al.

    Use of sibutramine in obese mexican adolescents: A 6-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial

    Clin Ther

    (2006)
  • M.L. Lawson et al.

    One-year outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbidly obese adolescents: A multicenter study from the Pediatric Bariatric Study Group

    J Pediatr Surg

    (2006)
  • T. Silber et al.

    Long-term morbidity and mortality in morbidly obese adolescents after jejunoileal bypass

    J Pediatr

    (1986)
  • R.S. Strauss et al.

    Gastric bypass surgery in adolescents with morbid obesity

    J Pediatrics

    (2001)
  • G.A. Fielding et al.

    Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in severely obese adolescents

    Surg Obes Relat Dis

    (2005)
  • E.P. Nadler et al.

    An update on 73 US obese pediatric patients treated with laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding: Comorbidity resolution and compliance data

    J Pediatr Surg

    (2008)
  • L.S. Harkness et al.

    Calcium and vitamin D status in the adolescent: Key roles for bone, body weight, glucose tolerance, and estrogen biosynthesis

    J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol

    (2005)
  • A. Towbin et al.

    Beriberi after gastric bypass surgery in adolescence

    J Pediatr

    (2004)
  • R. Alemzadeh et al.

    Obesity in children

  • L.A. Moreno et al.

    Overweight, obesity and body fat composition in Spanish adolescents. The AVENA Study

    Ann Nutr Metab

    (2005)
  • G.A. Martos-Moreno et al.

    Bases hormonales de la obesidad infantil

    An Pediatr

    (2008)
  • T. Reinehr et al.

    Definable somatic disorders in overweight children and adolescents

    J Pediatr

    (2007)
  • Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria. Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. Estrategia NAOS. Invertir la tendencia de...
  • S.E. Barlow et al.

    Obesity evaluation and treatment: Expert committee recomendations

    Pediatrics

    (1998)
  • T.J. Cole et al.

    Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey

    BMJ

    (2000)
  • Guideline No. 69. Management of obesity in children and young people. A national clinical guideline

    (2003)
  • NICE Clinical Guideline 43. Obesity: Guidance on the prevention, identification, assessment and management of overweight and obesity in adults and children

    (2006)
  • D.C.W. Lau et al.

    2006 Canadian clinical practice guidelines on the management and prevention of obesity in adults and children (summary)

    CMAJ

    (2007)
  • G.P. August et al.

    Prevention and treatment of pediatric obesity: An endocrine society clinical practice guideline based on expert opinion

    J Clin Endocrin Metab

    (2008)
  • H.N. Sweeting

    Measurement and definitions of obesity in childhood and adolescence: A field guide for the uninitiated

    Nutr J

    (2007)
  • A. Calañas-Continente et al.

    Guía para el manejo del sobrepeso y la obesidad en la preadolescencia y la adolescencia. Introducción, definición y medida del exceso de peso en adolescentes

    Endocrinol Nutr

    (2008)
  • A. Sarría et al.

    Skinfold thickness measurements are better predictors of body fat percentage than body mass index in male Spanish children and adolescents

    Eur J Clin Nutr

    (1998)
  • L.A. Moreno et al.

    Indices of body fat distribution in Spanish children aged 4.0 to 14.9 years

    J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr

    (1997)
  • L.A. Moreno et al.

    Waist circumference for the screening of the metabolic syndrome in children

    Acta Paediatr

    (2002)
  • C. Maffeis et al.

    Waist circumference and cardiovascular risk factors in prepubertal children

    Obes Res

    (2001)
  • O.T. Raitakari et al.

    Obesity in childhood and vascular changes in adulthood: Insights into the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

    Int J Obes (Lond)

    (2005)
  • R.C. Whitaker et al.

    Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity

    N Engl J Med

    (1997)
  • S.S. Guo et al.

    Body mass index during childhood, adolescence and young adulthood in relation to adult overweight and adiposity: The Fels Longitudinal Study

    Int J Obesity Relat Metab Disord

    (2000)
  • A.S. Singh et al.

    Tracking of childhood overweight into adulthood: A systematic review of the literature

    Obes Rev

    (2008)
  • N.F. Krebs et al.

    Assessment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity

    Pediatrics

    (2007)
  • W.H. Dietz et al.

    Clinical practice. Overweight children and adolescents

    N Engl J Med

    (2005)
  • D. Yeste et al.

    Estrategias terapéuticas de la obesidad infantil

    An Pediatr

    (2008)
  • Cited by (17)

    • Bariatric surgery in adolescents

      2012, Cirugia Espanola
    View all citing articles on Scopus
    1

    Cuatrecasas G, Díaz-Fernández MJ, García-Luna PP, Goday A, Lecube A, Masmiquel Ll, Monereo S, Morales MJ, Moreiro J, Moreno B, Ricart W

    View full text